天津市部分名校高二下学期期中英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题.docx

1、天津市部分名校高二下学期期中英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题天津市部分名校2020-2021年高二下学期期中英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题天津市第一中学2020-2021学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题IV. 阅读理解（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AMany students dream of becoming an architect because it is such a popular job. I talked to American architect Suzanne Johnson Crocker

2、to find out more about the advantages and disadvantages of choosing architecture as a career.Q1: Why did you choose architecture as a career?A: When I was young, I knew I wanted a job that was challenging and would allow me to keep learning. I considered chemical research, but I found myself bored b

3、y its limited range. I met a friend in college who studied architecture, and I was excited to learn how architecture combines art, math, and science. Whether working on historic structures or new projects, to me architecture is limitless, difficult, and rewarding.Q2: What are the best subjects to st

4、udy at school if you want to be an architect?A: The education of an architect centers on the studio, where communicating ideas is key. Communication includes drawing; writing, speaking, discussing, and model making. To support their work in the studio, students must study a variety of different subj

5、ects, including both general classes and architectural classes. I was very lucky to have spent four years in liberal arts (文科) and science before studying architecture. This means that I am able to draw on a wide range of learning experiences.Q3: Do you have any advice for someone that wants to be a

6、n architect?A: Keep your eyes on the goal. When I was at university, we joked that studying architecture was harder than military training! We had long hours, tough assignments, and difficult exams. You will go through a lot of difficult times when you are studying to be an architect, but remember t

7、o enjoy life and take time out for hobbies and sports.31. Why did Suzanne choose to be an architect?A. She favored designing.B. She found it challenging.C. She was inspired by her best friend.D. She expected to find a well-paid job.32. What gave Suzanne an advantage during her career?A. Her business

8、 degree.B. Her rich learning experiences.C. Her excellent performance at school.D. Her wonderful public speaking ability.33. What do we know about Suzanne?A. She wanted to be an architect from an early age.B. She is good at communicating with others.C. As for her, architecture is easy and rewarding.

9、D. She learned liberal arts and science besides architecture.34. What advice does Suzanne give?A. Do regular exercise.B. Study at a top school.C. Be well-prepared for various exams.D. Be determined to face difficulties.35. What would be the best title for the text?A. Architecture as a career pathB.

10、A famous American architectC. How to be an architectD. What architecture is【答案】31. B 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章是对建筑师 Suzanne Johnson Crocker的一则采访，她告诉我们如何把建筑作为职业道路。【31题详解】细节理解题。根据第一个回答中的“I knew I wanted a job that was challenging and would allow me to keep learning.Whether working on

11、historic structures or new projects, to me architecture is limitless, difficult, and rewarding.(我知道我想要一份具有挑战性并可以让我一直保持学习的工作，.无论是从事历史还是新的项目，对于我来说，建筑是无限的、困难的，也是值得的。)可知，Suzanne选择成为一名建筑师是因为她喜欢充满挑战性的工作。故选B。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个回答中的“I was very lucky to have spent four years in liberal arts (文科) and science b

12、efore studying architecture. This means that I am able to draw on a wide range of learning experiences. (我很幸运在学习建筑之前花了四年的时间学习文科和理科。这意味着我可以利用广泛的学习经验。)”可知，Suzanne丰富求学背景让她可以更好地从事建筑行业。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个回答中的“I was very lucky to have spent four years in liberal arts (文科) and science before studying ar

13、chitecture. (我很幸运在学习建筑之前花了四年的时间学习文科和理科。)”可知，Suzanne除了学建筑外还学了文科和理科学。故选D。34题详解】细节理解题。根据第三个回答中的“Keep your eyes on the goal.(盯住目标。)”及“You will go through a lot of difficult times when you are studying to be an architect，( 在你学习成为建筑师的过程中，你会经历很多困难的时刻，)”可知，要想成为一名建筑师就要下定决心克服各种困难，并紧盯自己的目标。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据全

14、文内容可知，文章是对建筑师 Suzanne Johnson Crocker的一则采访，她告诉我们如何把建筑作为职业道路。再结合第一段的“ I talked to American architect Suzanne Johnson Crocker to find out more about the advantages and disadvantages of choosing architecture as a career.”（我和美国建筑师Suzanne Johnson Crocker 进行了对话，目的是发现选择建筑师作为职业的利弊）所以“Architecture as a caree

15、r path(建筑作为职业道路)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选A。BPlane wings are traditionally strong and thick but a team of researchers led by NASA has created a flexible wing that morphs (变形) as it flies. The new wing is constructed from thousands of units that fit together and function in a similar way to a birds wing, says NA

16、SA research engineer, Nick Cramer.“Something like an eagle will lock its joints in while its cruising, and then it adjusts its wings to a more suitable shape for its cruising, and then when it wants to do a more aggressive move itll unlock its shoulder. Thats a similar response to what were doing he

17、re,” he said.The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is constructed from body parts that are so large, so they require outsize molds (模具) to create them. The same applies to the Airbus A380. “The cost of infrastructure (基础设施) that the business needs to invest to build these planes is pretty extraordinary,” said K

18、enneth Cheung, a NASA research scientist. “So what were doing with these projects is trying to reduce all of that, so that you could have the same sort of performance in terms of the materials but be able to manufacture it without setting up all of the infrastructure thats currently required.”The ne

19、w wings are created by putting fiber reinforced polyetherimide into a 3D mold to create each part, which locks together in a process that could eventually be carried out by assembly robots. The new structure can also be easily packed down to allow transport, which also makes it potentially the ideal

20、 package for another purpose to send into space.While the idea of cheaper, more flexible planes could be appealing to the commercial aviation industry, there are major obstacles to overcome. That demands time, research and money. “If you want to revolutionize the traditional manufacturing process of

21、 the aerospace industry, you have to have a really good reason,” Cramer said. “So your performance gain has to be significant enough to justify that. Its not about whether its practicable; its about whether its financially marketable.”36. Why does Cramer mention the eagle in Paragraph 2?A. To praise

22、 its great hunting skills.B. To explain why it adjusts itself while flying.C. To give an example of how the new plane wing works.D. To make a comparison between eagles and other birds.37. What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The cost of making new wings.B. The performance

23、of traditional planes.C. The performance of the new plane wings.D. The cost of building infrastructure for traditional planes.38. What is the possible future of the new wings structure?A. It may speed up planes.B. It may be used in space.C. It may reduce planes fuel consumption.D. It may be applied

24、in infrastructure construction.39. What can we learn about the current situation of the new plane wing?A. It is financially marketable.B. It performs badly during the tests.C. It is more expensive than traditional plane wings.D. It has a long way to go before being applied in planes.40. What would b

25、e the best title for the text?A. A new flexible plane wingB. How plane wings workC. A great change in planesD Why planes cost a lot【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. A【解析】【分析】本文是新闻报道。美国国家航空航天局的研究人员研发出新型灵活机翼，能够在飞行中“变形”，这一创新将可能从根本上改变飞机的设计。【36题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Something like an eagle will lock its joints in

26、 while its cruising, and then it adjusts its wings to a more suitable shape for its cruising, and then when it wants to do a more aggressive move itll unlock its shoulder. Thats a similar response to what were doing here,” he said. (“像老鹰这样的动物在巡航时会锁住关节，然后它会调整翅膀，使其形状更适合巡航，当它想做更有攻击性的动作时，它会松开肩膀。这与我们现在所做

27、的相似，”他说)”可知，作者在第二段提到鹰是为了举例说明最新的机翼是如何运作的。故选C。【37题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中的 “The cost of infrastructure (基础设施) that the business needs to invest to build these planes is pretty extraordinary,” said Kenneth Cheung, a NASA research scientist. “So what were doing with these projects is trying to reduce all of tha

28、t, so that you could have the same sort of performance in terms of the materials but be able to manufacture it without setting up all of the infrastructure thats currently required.”：“企业建造这些飞机所需投资的基础设施成本非常高，” (NASA研究科学家Kenneth张说。“所以我们在这些项目中所做的是试图减少所有这些，这样你就可以在材料方面有同样的性能，但可以在不建立所有当前需要的基础设施的情况下生产它。”)”

29、可知，that此处指代制造传统飞机所需要的建设基础设施的费用。故选D。【38题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The new wings are created by putting fiber reinforced polyetherimide into a 3D mold to create each part, which locks together in a process that could eventually be carried out by assembly robots. The new structure can also be easily packed down

30、 to allow transport, which also makes it potentially the ideal package for another purpose to send into space. (新的翅膀是通过将纤维增强聚醚酰亚胺放入3D模具制造出来的，每个零件都可以锁在一起，这个过程最终可以由装配机器人完成。这种新结构还可以很容易地压缩起来，以便运输，这也使得它有可能成为另一种用途的理想包裹送入太空)”可推知，这种新型机翼结构有望在未来应用在太空中。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“While the idea of cheaper, more

31、flexible planes could be appealing to the commercial aviation industry, there are major obstacles to overcome. That demands time, research and money. (虽然更便宜，更灵活的飞机的想法，可能会吸引商业航空业，但是还有主要的障碍要克服。这需要时间，研究和金钱) ”可知，这种新型机翼还需要很长时间才能应用于飞机。故选D。【40题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Plane wings are traditionally strong and thic

32、k but a team of researchers led by NASA has created a flexible wing that morphs (变形) as it flies. (飞机的机翼传统上是强壮而厚实的，但是由美国宇航局领导的一个研究小组已经创造了一种可以随着飞行变形的灵活的机翼)”可知，本文主要介绍的是由美国国家航空航天局领导的一个研究小组研制的一种新型的灵活的机翼。所以文章的标题可以为“一种新型的灵活的机翼”。故选A。CWhen you think of a national park, you generally picture fresh air and wild animals, right? Well, now youre going to have to add tea shops and something called “the Underground” to your definition, because London, England has signed up to