高中英语人教版新教材选择性必修一Unit 1 Period Two Reading and ThinkingLanguage Points.docx

1、高中英语人教版新教材选择性必修一Unit 1 Period Two Reading and ThinkingLanguage PointsPeriod TwoReading and ThinkingLanguage Points.重点单词1crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的2vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的3objective n目标；目的 adj.客观的4property n性质；特征；财产；房地产5extract n提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出6wormwood n蒿；洋艾7boil vt.& vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开n.沸腾；沸点

2、8liquid n液体adj.液体的；液态的9obtain vt.(尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi.(规章、习俗等)存在；流行10defeat n失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜11substance n物质；物品；事实根据12insist vi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求13physiology n生理学physiological adj.生理学的physiologically adv.生理学方面14committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的commit vt.承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入commitment n承诺；致力15academy n研究院；学会；专科院校academic adj

3、.学业的；学术的16botanical adj.植物学的botany n植物学botanist n植物学家17evaluate vt.评价；评估evaluation n评价；评估18distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的distinction n区别19acknowledge vt.承认；感谢acknowledged adj.公认的acknowledgement n承认；感谢20analyse vt.分析analysis n分析21apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的22scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的

4、science n科学scientist n科学家掌握规律巧记单词distinct adj.(有区别的)iondistinction n区别例：attraction吸引，吸引力discussion讨论acknowledge vt.(承认；感谢)mentacknowledgement n承认；感谢例：development发展agreement同意.核心短语1millions of 成千上万2lead to导致3die from/of 死于4commit oneself to do承诺；保证5in the beginning 起初6a collection of 一批；一堆7by chance

5、偶然；意外地8more than超过，多于9insist on 坚决要求.经典句式1whose引导非限制性定语从句This years Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou(cowinner)，whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin，a crucial new treatment for malaria.今年的诺贝尔生理学或医学奖授予了屠呦呦(共同获奖者)，她的研究促成了青蒿素的发现，一种治疗疟疾的关键新药物。2过去分词短语作定语In

6、 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria，and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。3where引导定语从句In the beginning，Tu Youyou went to Hainan，where malaria was more c

7、ommon，to study malaria patients.起初，屠呦呦去了疟疾比较普遍的海南，研究疟疾患者。4现在分词短语作定语She analysed the medical texts again，and by chance，she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood.她又分析了一遍医学文献，偶然发现了一句话，建议用另一种方法对待艾草。5Upon/On doing that.一就Upon/On hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Pr

8、ize，she said.屠呦呦一听到自己获得诺贝尔奖，她就说重点词汇 Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria，and is thought to save 100，000 lives a year in Africa alone.青蒿素已经成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，而且人们认为每年仅在非洲就可以挽救十万条生命。 vital adj.必不可少的；至关重要的；充满生机的be vital to/for.对是至关重要的It is vital to do.做很重要。It is vital that.是十分重要的

9、(从句中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可省略)。(1)If the injuries are second or third degree burns，it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果属于二度或三度烧伤，立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院是至关重要的。(2)Consideration for other people is vital to/for all of us.对我们所有人而言体谅他人是极其重要的。(3)It is vital to protect(protect) wi

10、ld animals in modern society.在当今社会，保护野生动物很重要。(4)It is vital that he (should)attend(attend) the meeting organized by the academy.他参加研究院组织的这次会议很重要。 Tu Youyou，a committed and patient scientist，was born in Ningbo，China，on 30 December 1930，and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955.屠呦呦，一

11、位坚定而耐心的科学家，1930年12月30日生于中国宁波，1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。 committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚信的；坚定的，效忠的be committed to对忠诚；致力于commit vt.做出(错事或非法的事)；犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证 vi.忠于；全心全意投入commit a crime犯罪commit oneself todevote oneself to专心致志于，献身于commitment n承诺；保证(1)Most crimes are committed by young men in that area.在那个地区多数罪行都是年轻人犯下的。(2)T

12、he old woman is committed to taking(take) care of the poor children.这位老人尽心尽力地照顾这个可怜的孩子。(3)She doesnt want to make a big emotional commitment(commit) to Steve at the moment.她不想在此刻对史蒂夫在感情上做出重大的承诺。高级表达(4)As she was committed to the project，she seldom played with her children.Committed to the project，sh

13、e seldom played with her children.(用形容词短语作状语改写) In 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria，and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。 objective n目标；目的 adj.客观的obj

14、ection n不赞成；反对；异议have an objection to.反对object vi.不赞成，反对 n目标；物体；客体；宾语object to (doing) sth.反对(做)某事(1)Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives，keeping in mind your beliefs，values and strengths.(2019全国)另一种设定现实目标的方法是分析你的短期和长期目标，牢记你的信念、价值观和优势。(2)To his sur

15、prise，there are so many people objecting to the plan.让他吃惊的是，有那么多人反对这个计划。(3)The old man objects to paying(pay) so much money for milk.这位老人反对花那么多钱买牛奶。一句多译(4)就我而言，我是反对在办公室里吸烟的。As far as Im concerned，I have an objection to smoking in the office.(objection)In my opinion，I object to smoking in the office.

16、(object)In my view，I am against smoking in the office.(against) From their research，they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria.在他们的研究中，他们发现并测试了380种不同的中国古代医疗方法，这些方法在抗击疟疾方面显示出了希望。 distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的be distinct from

17、.与不同distinction n差别；区分；卓著；不同凡响make a distinction between对加以区分without distinction无差别地；一视同仁地(1)The water you drink at birth leaves a distinct signature in your teeth.人在出生时所喝的水会在牙齿里留下很明显的印记。(2)The new law makes no distinction(distinct) between adults and children.这项新法规对成人和孩子同样适用。一句多译(3)那两个想法截然不同。Those

18、two ideas are quite different from each other.(different)Those two ideas are quite distinct from each other.(distinct) However，Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat.然而，屠呦呦没有承认失败。 acknowledge vt.承认；确认；感谢；告知收到(信件等)acknowledge (doing) sth.承认(做了)某事acknowledge that.承认acknowledge sth./sb.to be/as.承认某事/某人

19、是It is (universally/generally) acknowledged that.是大家公认的(1)We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of everyone who helped us.我们衷心感谢每一位帮助过我们的人所付出的努力。(2)She is acknowledged to be/as the best tennis player in the world.她被公认为是世界上最好的网球手。(3)It is acknowledged that the film Dearest was a success.人们公认，电影

20、亲爱的非常成功。句型转换(4)He never acknowledges that he has made a mistake.(改为简单句)He never acknowledges making a mistake. defeat vt.打败，战胜；使受挫；使困惑 n失败defeat sb.击败某人suffer a serious defeat遭受严重的挫败(5)It was the last question on the paper that defeated me that day.那天考卷上最后一道题把我难住了。(6)The girl was let down by this de

21、feat but she would not acknowledge it.这次失败让这个女孩很是沮丧但她没有承认失败。(7)The player was defeated(defeat) in the game，but he didnt lose heart.这个运动员在比赛中被打败了，但是他没有气馁。易混辨析defeat，beat，windefeat和beat后都接sb.作宾语。在游戏和比赛中常用beat，侧重于比赛中击败对手；defeat既可以指比赛，又可以指战场上战胜对手。win后接比赛、辩论、战斗、奖品等名词，表示“荣获，赢得”。选词填空defeat，beat，win(8)We be

22、at/defeated their team by ten points.(9)The young girl from China won the race at last.(10)In that battle，our soldiers defeated the enemy. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties.她得出结论说，煮青蒿显然破坏了它的药用价值。 apparently adv.显而易见地；看来；显然apparent adj.显而易见的；显然的

23、；表面上的be/become apparent to对来说很明显It is apparent (to sb.) that.(对某人来说)是明显的。(1)I thought he had found a new job，but apparently he hasnt.我原以为他找到了新工作，但显然还没有。(2)The solution to the problem was/became apparent to all.问题的解决方法是显而易见的。(3)It was apparent that he knew nothing about how to repair cars.很明显，他对修车一窍不

24、通。 After failing more than 190 times，the team finally succeeded in 1971.在失败了190多次以后，这个团队终于在1971年成功了。 more than超过，多于more than可放在数词前，意为“超过，多于”；放在名词前，表示“不只是，不仅”；放在形容词或副词前，意为“非常，很”。more.than.比更，与其说倒不如说(1)Within six months，more than 25,000 people were using it every day.在六个月之内，两万五千多人每天都在使用它。(2)He is more

25、 than a friend to me.He is also my teacher.他不仅是我的朋友，他还是我的老师。(3)He said that he was more than happy to help you with your English.他说他很乐意帮你学习英语。(4)He is more lucky than clever.与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。 Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was saf

26、e.屠呦呦和她的团队成员甚至坚持在自己身上测试药物，以确保它是安全的。 insist on/upon (doing) sth.坚决要求(做)某事在“insist that.”结构中，当insist作“坚持主张，坚决要求”讲时，其后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should可以省略；当insist作“坚持说，坚持认为”讲时，其后的宾语从句用陈述语气。(1)I wanted to walk to the station，but he insisted on driving me there.我想步行去车站，但是他坚持要开车送我去。(2)Although she d

27、idnt know the best way of getting to places，she insisted that she organize the trip properly.虽然她对去某些地方的最佳路线并不清楚，她却坚持要自己把这次旅游安排得尽善尽美。(3)The young man insisted that he hadnt stolen(steal) that bike.这个年轻人坚持说他没有偷那辆自行车。经典句式 In the beginning，Tu Youyou went to Hainan，where malaria was more common，to study

28、malaria patients.起初，屠呦呦去了疟疾比较普遍的海南，研究疟疾患者。这是一个复合句。where在句中引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Hainan。当先行词为system，case，point，position，situation，stage，condition，industry，activity，job，race，scene，circumstance等且关系词在从句中作地点状语时，常用where引导定语从句，表示抽象地点。当先行词stage，occasion等表示时间且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用when引导。(1)Sometimes I bring home food from

29、the restaurant where I work.有时我从我工作的餐馆带食物回家。(2)Its helpful to put children in a situation where they manage everything all by themselves.把孩子放在一个自己能完全处理所有事情的环境中是有好处的。(3)Students should take part in some activities where they can gain experience.学生们应该参加一些他们能获得经验的活动。(4)The stage when he is preparing fo

30、r his study is really important.他为学习做准备的那段时间确实非常重要。 In 1967，the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the objective of discovering a new treatment for malaria，and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen.1967年，中国政府组建了一支以探索治疗疟疾新方法为目的的科学队伍，屠呦呦是其中首批入选的研究人员。chosen为过去分词作定语，相当于定语从句wh

31、ich is chosen。单个的过去分词作定语往往置于被修饰的名词的前面；过去分词短语作定语常置于被修饰的名词的后面。及物动词的ed形式表示被动和完成意义；不及物动词的ed形式仅仅表示完成。有时为了强调还可将单一的分词置于被修饰名词之后。(1)They are talking about the film put on in 2018.他们正在谈论这部2018年上映的电影。(2)The park built in 2017 has attracted a great many visitors.这个2017年建造的公园已经吸引了很多游客。(3)He is talking with a man called(call) Mr Wang.他正和一位叫王先生的男士讲话。一句多译(4)穿白色衣服的那