理工B考前押题.docx

1、理工B考前押题2014年职称英语考前押题【理工类B级】【考前押题使用须知】1、 押题是概率事件，虽然命中概率很大，但必须友情提醒谨慎使用，以防万一2、 押题与考试题会有一些区别（1） 阅读理解中，文章标题、题目、选项可能会有变化。因此不可死记硬背答案，而要认真学习、熟悉这些文章。（2） 完形填空空格位置会有约50%的变化，因此不可死记硬背答案，而要认真记忆文章。3、 阅读理解会指出几篇重点。重点文章出题概率极大，需做重点学习。其他的文章是为了防止万一的，建议熟悉一下或者做一般性了解。4、 对于完全零基础，单词不认识、课程听不懂或者临时抱佛脚的朋友，请看一下考前冲刺课程阅读理解：（共5篇，重点3

2、篇） Ill Be Bach（重点） Musical Robot Companion Enhances Listener Experience（重点） A Sunshade for the Planet（重点） Digital Realm Thirst for Oil建议对以下文章做一般性了解 Eat to Live Plant Gas Snowflakes购买金牌保过版的客户，请认真学习软件中“名师课堂-阅读理解精讲”中以上相关文章的课程。请尽量将“名师课堂-阅读理解精讲”中的全部课程都学习掌握好，以确保在任何情况下都能轻松应对。完形填空： Wonder Webs Car Thieves C

3、ould Be Stopped Remotely An Intelligent Car Chicken Soup for the Soul:Comfort Food Fights Lonelines【阅读理解】Ill Be Bach巴赫（重点掌握）视频课程：名师课堂-阅读理解精讲 第13讲Composer作曲家 David Cope is the inventor of a computerprogram计算机程序 that writes original原始的 works of classical music古典音乐. It took Cope 30 years to develop the

4、 software. Now most people cant tell判断 the difference between music by the famous German composer J. S. Bach (1685-1750) and the Bach-likecompositions from Copes computer.It all started in 1980 in the United States, when Cope was trying to write an opera歌剧. He was having trouble thinking of newmelod

5、ies新旋律, so he wrote a computer program to create the melodies. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He realized that composers brains work like big databases.First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. T

6、hen they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left.According to Cope, only the great composers are able to create the database accurately准确地, remember it, and form new musical patterns音乐作品 from it.Cope built a huge database of existing music. He began with

7、hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data：it broke it down into拆分成 smallerpieces小片段 and looked for patterns模式. It then combined组合 the pieces into new patterns.Before long不久, the program could compose创作 short Bach-like works像巴赫的作品. They werent good,but it was a start.Cope knew he had

8、more work to do-he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more complex music. He also added many other composers, including his own work,to the database.A few years later，Copes computer program, called “Emmy”，was ready to help him with his opera. The

9、process required a lot of collaboration合作 between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computers musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling摇篮坠落, and it was a great success!Cope received some of the best revie

10、ws评价 of his career生涯, but no one knew exactly how he had composed the work.Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feedback on what he likes and doesnt like of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing these days! 1The music comp

11、osed by David cope is about _.AClassical music Bpop music Cdrama戏剧 Dcountry music2By developing a computer software，David cope aimed _.Ato be like Bach Bto study BachCto write an opera Dto create a musical database3What did cope realize about实现 a great composers brain?AIt forms new musical patterns

12、all by itselfBIt writes a computer programCIt can recognize any music patternsDIt creates an accurate database4Who is Emmy?Aa database Ba computer software Ca composer who helped David Dan opera5We can infer from the passage that _.ADavid Cope is a computer programmer.BDavid Cope loves music.CBachs

13、music helped him a lot.DEmmy did much more work than a composer.答案与题解：1A第一段的第一句：David Cope发明了一个可以编写出古典音乐的电脑软件。2C从第二段的第一句可以看出，David编写电脑软件的目的是写歌剧。A、B和D都属于创作歌剧的一部分。3D第二段的后半部分讲的是伟大的歌剧作者与一般的歌剧作者的不同之处是通过对数据进行准确的构建、记忆而后创作出新的音乐形式。4B从第五段第一句可知Emmy是一计算机软件。5D从本文第一句可知David是一个作曲家，不是计算机程序员，所以排除A;B、C内容没有提及；从本文的第五段和

14、第六段可知，Emmy大大提高了David的创作速度，最后一句，大部分困难的工作都由Emmy来做，所以作曲家只干一小部分工作。全文翻译我也能成为巴赫 作曲家大卫.科普发明了一个计算机软件，它能编写出古典音乐的原创作品。科普花了30年才完成这个软件。现在，科普的计算机写出的作品与德国著名作曲家J S巴赫写的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。 这一切始于1980年的美国，那时科普正在写一部歌剧，但是他无法创作出新的旋律，于是他编写了一个计算机软件来帮他编曲。最开始的时候，软件写出的乐曲并不动听。科普是怎么做的呢？他开始重新考虑人们作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大脑就像一个大数据库，他们先是吸收他们

15、昕过的所有音乐，然后去除他们不喜欢的，最后再根据留下的音乐来创作出新的旋律。科普认为，只有伟大的作曲家才能建立好的数据库，并且能熟记于心，从而创作出新的音乐。 科普根据现有的音乐建立了庞大的数据库。最开始的时候，数据库包含了几百部巴赫的作品。科普的软件将这些数据进行分析：首先它将音乐拆解成小的片段，从中我出固定模式，然后将片殷组合成新的模式。不久，这个软件就能够写出和巴赫风格很像的小曲子。它们并不完美，但这只是个开始。 科普知道，他要做的还有很多他得写出一整部歌剧。他进一步完善他的软件，不久它就能够写出更复杂的音乐了。他还在数据库中加入了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。 几年后，

16、科普的软件“艾米”已经能够帮助他创作歌剧了。创作过程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合。科普聆听艾米写出的音乐片段，从中选取他认为好的。有了艾米的帮助，科普只用了两个星期就完成了这部歌剧，叫作摇篮坠落。演出获得巨大成功，科普也得到，他有生以来最高的评价，但是没有人知道他究竟是怎样创作出这部歌剧的。 从那咀后，艾米已经写了上千部作品。科普现在依然会给艾米反馈，告诉她自己哪些音乐是他喜欢的，哪些是不喜欢的，但是现在大部分的工作是由艾米来完成的！Musical Robot Companion同伴 Enhances增强 Listener Experience（重点掌握）视频课程：名师课堂-阅读理解精讲 第3讲S

17、himi, a musical companion developed by Georgia Techs Center for Music Technology, recommends建议 songs, dances to the beat拍子 and keeps the music pumping不断播放音乐 based on listener feedback. The smartphone-enabled智能手机功能, one-foot-tall robot is billed as标榜为 an interactive互动 “musical friend”. “Shimi is desi

18、gned to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，” said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robots creator. He will unveil揭露 the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference会议 in San Francisco. A band乐队 of three Shimi robots will perform演出 for guests, dancing in sync同步 with music created

19、 in the lab and composed编写 according to its movements. Shimi is essentially本质上 a docking station扩展插口 with a “brain” powered by an Android phone. Once docked, the robot gains the sensing and musical generation产生 capabilities能力 of the users mobile device. In other words, if theres an “app” for that, S

20、himi is ready. For instance, by using the phones camera and face-detecting software，Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal最佳的 sound. Another recognition识别 feature特征 is based on rhythm节奏 and tempo拍子. If the user taps a beat打拍子, Shimi analyzes it,

21、scans浏览 the phones musical library文库 and immediately plays the song that best matches相配的 the suggestion. Once the music starts，Shimi dances to the rhythm. “Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions指令, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate博士研究生 Mason Bretan. “Shimi

22、shows us that robots can be creative创造力 and interactive互动能力. Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new mu

23、sic based on the users song choices and provide feedback on the music play list. Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand扩展 Shimis creative and interactive capabilities. “I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution革命 that will see more robots in homes.” W

24、einberg said. Weinberg is in the process of commercializing商业化 Shimi through an exclusive独家 licensing授权 agreement with Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available可用的 to consumers by the 2013 holiday season假日季节. “If robots are going to arrive in homes, we think that they will be this kin

25、d of machinessmall, entertaining令人愉快 and fun,” Weinberg said. “They will enhance提高 your life and pave铺设 the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives.” 词汇： pump v.用抽水机抽;不断播放（音乐） scan v.扫描;浏览 skip v.轻跳，跳跃 sync n.同步，同时;v.使同步 tempo n.速度;节奏 注释： 1. Georgia Tech:全称是 Georgia Institute of Technol

26、ogy,佐治亚理工学院，建于 1885 年，位于亚特兰大市中心。佐治亚理工学齒是美国南部最大的公立理工学院,也是全美最顶尖的理 工学院之一，排名仅次于麻省理工学院(MIT)和加州理工学院(CalTech)。 2. pump:不断播放(音乐）。例如:This radio station recently pumps out pop music. (这家广播电台近来连续播放流行音乐。) 3. smartphone-enabled:由智能手机系统支持的 4. is billed as:相当于 is advertised as，意为“被标榜为”。 5. docking station: 插接站,扩充基

27、座，扩展插口 1.Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs?A.Shimi is a one-foot tall robot.B.Shimi is the creator of the musical companion.C.Shimi is a docking station with a “brain” powered by an Android phone.D.Shimi can gain the sensing and musical generation capabilitie

28、s of the users mobile device.2.What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat?A.It stores the beat in the musical library.B.It transmits传输 the beat to the docking station.C.It positions its speakers for optimal sound.D.It selects a perfectly-matched完美匹配 song and plays it in sync with that beat.3.Which o

29、f the following about Shimi is true?A.Robots are limited by their programming instructions指令, and Shimi is no exception例外.B.Present目前的 apps allow the user to shake their head to alert Shimi to skip to the next song.C.Existing现有的 apps allow the user to wave a hand to alert Shimi to turn up/down the v

30、olume.D.Shimi can be creative and interactive.4.What does the author want to tell us?A.The research center is developing a stronger and more versatile多才多艺的 Shimi.B.Weinberg only expects staffs工作人员 from Georgia Tech. to develop more apps for ShimiC.Shimi is not yet technologically ready for commercia

31、lizationD.Robots such as Shimi are created for large corporations rather than homes.5.Which of the following is Weinbergs assertion主张?A.Shimi as a robotic musical companion can be applied to all types of smart phones.B.human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes.C.Shimis creative and interactive capabilities are appreciated赞赏 by most of its users.D.Weinberg has reached an agreement with Georgia Tech to commercialize Shimi.答案及解析1、B 在前三段中均可找到与选项 A、 C、 D相应的句子，强调 Shimi 是一种电子设备;B与原文不符, Shimi 不是该机器人的发明者,Gil Weinberg 教授才是 the robots creator。2、D 选项D 简要地表述