会计专业英语Chap001.ppt

1、PowerPoint Authors:Susan Coomer Galbreath,Ph.D.,CPACharles W.Caldwell,D.B.A.,CMAJon A.Booker,Ph.D.,CPA,CIACynthia J.Rooney,Ph.D.,CPAMcGraw-Hill/IrwinThe Basis for Business DecisionsSixteenth EditionWilliams Haka Bettner CarcelloCopyright 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc.PowerPoint Authors:Susan Co

2、omer Galbreath,Ph.D.,CPACharles W.Caldwell,D.B.A.,CMAJon A.Booker,Ph.D.,CPA,CIACynthia J.Rooney,Ph.D.,CPAMcGraw-Hill/IrwinAccountingInformation for Decision MakingChapter 11-3AccountingInformationThe Accounting ProcessDecision MakersEconomic ActivitiesActions(decisions)Accounting links decision make

3、rs with economic activities and with the results of their decisions.Reported Results of Actions(decisions)1-4Types of Accounting InformationFinancialManagementTax1-5Accounting SystemsAn accounting system consists of the personnel,procedures,technology,and records used by an organization to develop a

4、ccounting information and to communicate this information to decision makers.1-6Information UsersInvestorsCreditors ManagersOwnersCustomersEmployeesRegulators -SEC -IRS -FTCDecisions SupportedPerformance evaluationsStock investmentsTax strategiesLabor relationsResource allocationsLending decisionsBo

5、rrowingInformation SystemFinancial Information ProvidedProfitabilityFinancial positionCash flows1-7Although much accounting information clearly is essential to business operations,management still has many choices as to the types and amount of accounting information to be developed.Determining Infor

6、mation Needs1-8Basic Functions of an Accounting System Summarize and communicate information to decision makers.Classify similar transactions into useful reports.Interpret and record business transactions.1-9Components of Internal ControlControl EnvironmentRisk AssessmentControl ActivitiesInformatio

7、n and CommunicationMonitoring1-10External Users of Accounting InformationOwnersCreditorsPotential investorsLabor unionsGovernmental agenciesSuppliersCustomersTrade associationsGeneral public1-11Provide specific information about economic resources,claims to resources,and changes in resources and cla

8、ims.Provide information useful in assessing amount,timing and uncertainty of future cash flows.Provide general information useful in making investment and credit decisions.Objectives of External Financial Reporting1-12Objectives of External Financial ReportingThe primary financial statements.Balance

9、 SheetStatement of Cash FlowsIncome Statement1-13Characteristics of Externally Reported InformationA Means to an EndBroader than Financial StatementsHistorical in NatureResults from Inexact and Approximate MeasuresBased on General-Purpose AssumptionUsefulness Enhanced via Explanation1-14Users of Int

10、ernal Accounting InformationBoard of directorsChief executive officer(CEO)Chief financial officer(CFO)Vice presidentsBusiness unit managersPlant managersStore managersLine supervisors1-15Typical Simple Organization ChartPlantAccountantsPlantManagersPlantAccountantsPlantManagersBusiness UnitManagersV

11、.P.Human ResourcesV.P.Information ServicesChief FinancialOfficer(CFO)Chief ExecutiveOfficer(CEO)Board ofDirectorsOwnersV.PEthicsControllerTreasurer1-16Objectives of Management Accounting InformationTo help achieve goals and missionsTo help evaluate and reward decision makers1-17Characteristics of Ma

12、nagement Accounting InformationTimelinessIdentify Decision MakerOriented Toward FutureMeasures of Efficiency and EffectivenessA Means to an End1-18Institutional FeaturesGenerally Accepted Accounting Principles(GAAP)Financial Accounting Standards BoardInternational Accounting Standards BoardSecuritie

13、s and Exchange CommissionPublic Company Accounting Oversight BoardAudits of Financial StatementsLegislation1-19Professional OrganizationsAmerican Institute of Certified Public Accountants Institute of Management AccountantsInstitute of Internal AuditorsAmerican Accounting AssociationCommittee of Spo

14、nsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission(COSO)1-20Competence,Judgment and Ethical BehaviorCertified Public Accountant(CPA)Certified Management Accountant(CMA)Certified Internal Auditor(CIA)Ethical behavior is the cornerstone of the accounting profession.1-21Careers in AccountingPublic Accoun

15、tingManagement AccountingGovernmental AccountingAccounting Education1-22What About Bookkeeping?Bookkeeping is the clerical side of accountingthe recording of routine transactions and day-to-day record keeping.Professional accountants are involved more with the interpretation and use of accounting in

16、formation than with its actual preparation.1-23Im Not An Accounting MajorAccounting is the language of business,and trying to run a business without understanding accounting information is analogous to trying to play sports without understanding the rules.1-24Ethics,Fraud&Corporate GovernanceCorporate governance entails corporate structures and processes for overseeing the companys affairs to ensure that the company is being managed with the best interests of shareholders in mind.Dennis Kozlowsk