01解析版备战高考英语完形填空+阅读理解+语法填空.docx

1、01解析版备战高考英语完形填空+阅读理解+语法填空备战2021年高考英语假期提分组合高效练01（完形填空+阅读理解+语法填空）一、完形填空1How much do you know about athletes? Many people regard watching sports games as a form of 1 . But for athletes, they are challenging the 2 of human beings and breaking boundaries. Intensive training is a task which they do every

2、day as a matter of 3 . On May 6, 1954, Roger Bannister, who ran a mile in 3 minutes, 59.4 seconds, 4 the whole worlds attention. People believed that it was 5 imagination for a person to run a mile within 4 minutes. Bannister made a（n） 6 in what people believed was impossible. In the years since, mo

3、re and more athletes have overcome the fourminutemile 7 . Today, the recordheld by Hicham El Guerrouj of Morocco since July 7, 1999 8 at 3 minutes and 43. 13 seconds!Records are 9 at a lower and lower rate in both running and other fields. When new records are set, theyre changed by a small proporti

4、on of a（n） 10 . The decimal point（小数点）,set at one- tenth of a second for Bannisters record, now 11 one-hundredth of a second. 12 , well have to go to a third decimal place, and then a fourth.The closer athletes get to being 13 , the harder it is to make improvements. Even though they are 14 the best

5、 performances of human beings, excellent athletes can still 15 proportions of seconds off existing records. They have a real 16 to break records. The gaps between new and old records decrease 17 . Athletes are getting closer and closer to physiological 18 performances all the time. It will be toughe

6、r and tougher 19 . However, excellent athletes never 20 trying.1. A. attention B. contribution C. recreation D. communication2. A. beliefs B. rights C. strengths D. limits3. A. routine B. situation C. experience D. opinion4. A. required B. avoided C. attracted D. disturbed5. A. beyond B. within C. f

7、rom D. by6. A. cut B. division C. involvement D. breakthrough7. A. difference B. barrier C. habit D. fear8. A. aims B. shoots C. works D. stands9. A. updated B. held C. checked D. established10. A. minute B. hour C. second D. day11. A. contains B. measures C. means D. covers12. A. Instead B. Soon C.

8、 Meanwhile D. Besides13. A. honest B. strong C. perfect D. ordinary14. A. assessing B. affecting C. expecting D. approaching15. A. shave B. keep C. pay D. knock16. A. history B. struggle C. change D. inspiration17. A. quickly B. finally C. normally D. gradually18. A. satisfactory B. peak C. consiste

9、nt D. fair19. A. making sense B. taking effect C. making progress D. losing heart20. A. stop B. remember C. start D. suggest【答案】1. C2. D3. A4. C5. A6. D7. B8. D9. A10. C11. B12. B13. C14. D15. A16. B17. D18. B19. C20. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式，但对于运动员来说，体育运动是在挑战人类的极限，打破界限。1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意

10、：许多人把观看体育比赛看作是一种娱乐方式。A. attention注意力；B. contribution贡献；C. recreation娱乐，消遣；D. communication交流。根据下文“But for athletes, they are challenging”可知，相比于运动员，大多数人把体育比赛堪称是娱乐方式。故选C。2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但对于运动员来说，他们是在挑战人类的极限，打破界限。A. beliefs信念；B. rights权力；C. strengths优势，长处；D. limits限制。根据“breaking boundaries”可知，此处表示挑战人类的极

11、限。故选D。3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：强化训练是他们每天例行公事的一项任务。A. routine例行公事；B. situation情况；C. experience经验，经历；D. opinion观点。根据“which they do every day”可知，对于运动员来说强化训练是例行公事。故选A。4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1954年5月6日，罗杰班尼斯特以3分59.4秒的成绩跑完一英里，吸引了全世界的目光。A. required要求；B. avoided避免；C. attracted吸引；D. disturbed打扰。根据“On May 6, 1954, Roger Bannist

12、er, who ran a mile in 3 minutes, 59.4 seconds”可知，罗杰班尼斯特以3分59.4秒的成绩跑完一英里，吸引了全世界的目光。attract one s attention为固定短语，意为“吸引某人注意”。故选C。5. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：人们认为一个人在4分钟内跑一英里是难以想象的。A. beyond超越；B. within在之内；C. from来自；D. by靠，通过。Beyond imagination为固定短语，意为“难以想象”，根据“run a mile within 4 minutes.”可知，在4分钟之内跑完一英里这样的速度超出了人们的想

13、象。故选A。6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：班尼斯特在人们认为不可能的事情上取得了突破。A. cut切口；B. division分开，分配；C. involvement参与，牵连；D. breakthrough突破。根据“what people believed was impossible”可知，人们认为这件事不可能发生，他却做到了，因此此处表示取得了突破。故选D。7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，越来越多的运动员突破了4分钟一英里的障碍。A. difference不同，差别；B. barrier障碍；C. habit习惯；D. fear害怕。根据“Bannister made a br

14、eakthrough”可知，对于许多人来说达到这样的速度是一个障碍。故选B。8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，摩洛哥的Hicham El Guerrouj自1999年7月7日以来保持的世界纪录是3分43秒13 ! A. aims旨在，瞄准；B. shoots射击，发射；C. works工作，运转；D. stands站立，忍受。根据“at 3 minutes and 43. 13 seconds!”可知，此处表示Hicham El Guerrouj一直保持着记录。故选D。9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在跑步和其他领域，记录的更新速度越来越慢。A. updated更新；B. held举办；C.

15、checked检查；D. established建立。根据下文“When new records are set, theyre changed by a small proportion of a second.”（当新的记录被设定时，它们只会在一小部分秒内发生改变。）可知，记录更新的速度很慢。故选A。10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当新的记录被设定时，它们只会在一小部分秒内发生改变。A. minute分钟；B. hour小时；C. second秒；D. day白天。根据下文“set at one- tenth of a second”可知，此处是信息词“second”的词汇复现。故选C。1

16、1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：根据班尼斯特的记录，小数点设定在十分之一秒，现在是百分之一秒。A. contains包含；B. measures衡量；C. means意味着；D. covers覆盖。根据“set”此处表示衡量的标准现在是百分之一秒。故选B。12. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们要到小数点后第三位，然后是第四位。A. Instead代替，反而；B. Soon不久；C. Meanwhile与此同时；D. Besides此外。上文提到“now measures one-hundredth of a second. ”，下文提到“go to a third decimal place

17、, and then a fourth.”可知，这个变化的过程很快。故选B。13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员越接近完美，进步就越困难。A. honest诚实的；B. strong强壮的；C. perfect完美的；D. ordinary普通的，平常的。根据下文“the best performances of human beings”可知，此处表示接近完美。故选C。14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们的表现接近人类的最佳水平，优秀的运动员仍然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。A. assessing评价；B. affecting影响；C. expecting期待；D. approachin

18、g接近。根据上文“The closer athletes get to being perfect”可知，此处表示接近最佳水平。故选D。15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使他们的表现接近人类的最佳水平，优秀的运动员仍然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。A. shave（少量的）削减，掠过，擦过；B. keep保持；C. pay支付；D. knock敲，打。此优秀的运动员仍然可以将现有记录缩短几秒。故选A。16. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们为打破纪录而奋斗。A. history历史；B. struggle斗争，奋斗；C. change变化；D. inspiration灵感，启发灵感的人或事。根据“bre

19、ak records”可知，运动员一直为打破记录而奋斗。故选B。17. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：新记录与旧记录之间的差距逐渐缩小。A. quickly迅速地；B. finally最终；C. normally正常地；D. gradually逐渐地。经过不断地努力，新旧记录之间地差距逐渐减少。故选D。18. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：运动员在生理上的巅峰表现无时无刻不在离他们越来越近。A. satisfactory令人满意的；B. peak最高的，最大值的；C. consistent坚持的，始终如一的，一致的；D. fair公平的。运动员一直在接近自己生理上地巅峰表现。故选B。19. 考查动词短语

20、辨析。句意：将越来越难取得进展。A. making sense有意义，合理；B. taking effect起作用，见效；C. making progress取得进步；D. losing heart失去信心。根据“tougher and tougher”可知，运动员越接近巅峰表现，想要取得进步就越难。故选C。20. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，优秀的运动员从不停止尝试。A. stop停止；B. remember记得；C. start开始；D. suggest建议。上文提到“很难取得进步”，however前后为转折关系，此处表示“从来不会停止尝试”。故选A。2A study from Swit

21、zerlands Universit de Genve(UNIGE) looked to answer the question of which came first: a decrease in physical activity or cognitive (认知的) decline?“Interrelationships have been 21 between these two factors, particularly in terms of memory but also regarding the growth and survival of new neurons (神经元)

22、.” said Boris Cheval, a researcher at UNIGES Swiss Centre for Affective Sciences (CISA) in a press release. “But we have never yet 22 tested which comes first: Does physical activity prevent a decline in cognitive skills or 23 ? Thats what we wanted to 24 .”Earlier studies have considered that physi

23、cal activity 25 cognitive decline. But according to Cheval, recent studies may 26 that past research has “only told half the story since those recent studies demonstrate that our brain is 27 when it comes to engaging in physical activity.”Researchers at UNIGE tested the two possible 28 by using data

24、 from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe, a socioeconomic database covering more than 25 countries across the continent.Over the course of 12 years, 105, 206 adults 29 in age from 50 to go were tested every two years on their cognitive abilities and their physical activity.Research

25、ers 30 cognitive abilities with a verbal fluency test that saw participants name as many animals as they could in 60 seconds. They also tested cognitive abilities with a 31 test where they memorized 10 words before reciting them. Physical activity was measured using a scale from 1 to 4. A 1 indicate

26、d participants “never” 32 physical activity while a 4 meant they were physically 33 “more than once a week”.The study found that the 34 of what past studies concluded was true cognitive abilities mostly influence physical activity, not the other way around.“This study backs up our theory that the br

27、ain has to make a real effort to get out of a sitting lifestyle and that by 35 cognitive capabilities, physical activity will follow,” Cheval said.21. A. neglected B. prevented C. confused D. established22. A. formally B. separately C. individually D. casually23. A. at times B. vice versa C. by chan

28、ce D. in part24. A. release B. admit C. confirm D. oppose25. A. prevents B. encourages C. influences D. reduces26. A. mislead B. contradict C. ignore D. indicate27. A. abandoned B. involved C. entertained D. processed28. A. factors B. elements C. options D. subjects29. A. ranging B. judging C. expan

29、ding D. varying30. A. balanced B. restricted C. surveyed D. measured31. A. observation B. reflection C. memory D. imitation32. A. concerned about B. engaged in C. stood for D. gave up33. A. motionless B. casual C. active D. passive34. A. consequence B. similarity C. difference D. opposite35. A. work

30、ing on B. reflecting over C. crossing out D. putting off【答案】21. D22. A23. B24. C25. A26. D27. B28. C29. A30. D31. C32. B33. C34. D35. A【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了早期的研究认为，体育活动可以防止认知能力下降，而最近的研究发现，认知能力也会影响人们进行体育活动的情况。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及这项研究的意义。21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这两个因素之间已经建立了相互关系，特别是在记忆方面，但也是关于新神经元的生长和存活。A. neglected忽视

31、；B. prevented阻止；C. confused困惑；D. established建立。根据前后文语境“Interrelationships have been between these two factors”可知此处指建立这两个因素之间的相互关系，应用establish。故选D。22. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但我们从未正式测试过先有哪种情况：体育活动能防止认知能力的下降，还是反之？A. formally正式地；B. separately分别地；C. individually个别地；D. casually随便地。结合后文“tested which comes first”以及“Th

32、ats what we wanted to”可知，研究人员还从未正式测试过先有哪种情况，所以这是他们想要确认的。故选A。23. 考查固定短语辨析。句意：但我们从未正式测试过先有哪种情况：体育活动能防止认知能力的下降，还是反之？A. at times偶尔；B. vice versa反之亦然；C. by chance偶然；D. in part部分地。根据倒数第二段中“cognitive abilities mostly influence physical activity, not the other way around.”可知此处是问题是：体力活动能防止认知能力的下降，还是是与之相反的。故选B。24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我们想要确认的。A. release释放；B. admit承认；C. confirm确认；D. oppose反对。结合上文中“But we have never yet tested which comes first”可知，因为从未测试过，