四级写作模板讲解.docx

1、四级写作模板讲解第一章 课程介绍1.1 写作概况* 四级写作和翻译占总分20%，满分为142；其中写作15%，满分为106.5分。 真题回顾：2005年12月-2011年6月：因此，复习重点应该是议论文。 议论文：11次 应用文：2次 图表作文：0次1.2课程介绍：四个板块* 1. 四级写作最有效复习方法* 2. 考试概况* 3. 功能段落模板及例题分析* 4. 应用文和图表模板1.3 何为模板？ 模板，用还是不用？功能模板的概念： 提纲 功能段落 四级考试一般有三个提纲，可以总结为六种功能段落。因此，掌握好六种功能段落，也就掌握了所有作文的写作。例如：2011年6月大学英语四级考试真题 Pa

2、rt I Writing (30 minutes) Directions： For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 现在网上购物已成为一种时尚 2. 网上购物有很多好处， 但也有不少问题 3. 我的建议2010年12月大学英语四级考试真题 Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directio

3、ns：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How Should Parents Help Children to Be Independent? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2. 为了让孩子独立, 父母应该 2010年6月19日大学英语四级考试试题 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For thi

4、s part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Due Attention Should Be Given To Spelling. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2. 出现这种情况的原因3. 为了改变这种状况，我认为2009年12月大学英语四级考试 Part Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this pa

5、rt, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below: 1. 建设绿色校园很重要 2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色的环境 3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应该2009年6月英语四级考试 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 m

6、inute to write a short essay on the topic of Free Admission to Museums. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1. 越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2. 也会带来一些问题 3. 你的看法？1.4 段落层面：六种功能段落 1. 现象描述 2. 危害分析 3. 原因分析 4. 建议措施 5. 观点阐述（利弊） 6. 意义阐述篇章层面：六种功能段落的排列组合 1. 问题解决型：2010年6月 2. 观点对比型（利

7、弊分析）：2011年6月 3. 现象阐述型：2009年12月 请区分以下提纲所对应的功能段落 2008年12月：Limiting the Use of Disposable Plastic Bags 1.一次性塑料袋曾经广泛使用 2.使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题 3.限制一次性塑料袋的意义2008年6月 Recreational Activities 1. 娱乐活动多种多样， 2. 娱乐可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性， 3. 作为大学生，我的看法。2007年12月 What Electives to Choose 1.各大学为大学生开设了各种各样的选修课 2.学生出于各种原因选择了不同的选修课

8、3.以我自己为例 总结复习：第二章 写作题概况2.1.考场注意事项 写作试题在答题卡1上作答，答题卡1包括两道题： Part I Writing （30 minutes） Part II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning） （15 minutes）2.2试题形式 Writing：2008年12月 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Limiting the Use of Disposable

9、 Plastic Bags. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow: 1.一次性塑料袋曾被广泛地使用 2.造成的问题 3.限制使用的意义笔记：审题关注： 英文指令：题材+话题 汉语提纲：识别提纲功能 字数：至少120，最好140-150， 若题目读不懂：英文题目+汉语提纲2.3评分方法* 1.Global scoring* 2.Rewarding score* 原始赋分：满分15分 标准分：107分* 五个分数档次：0、2、5、8、11、14 0分：白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的

10、词而无法表达思想。 5分：基本切题，表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差，有较多严重错误。 14分：文章切题。文字通顺，条理清楚，无重大语言错误，仅有个别小错。 第三章 模板提炼过程本章通过阅读评卷实例，我们来找出高分作文的特征，同时讲解模板句式的提炼过程。 高分作文实例： 英文题目：BicyclesAn Important Means of Transport in China 汉语提纲： (1)为什么自行车在中国这样普及 (2)和汽车的比较 (3)自行车在中国的前途模版的提炼过程：思路和表达* 首段原文：Bicycles are very popular in China. Almost every

11、 family in the city has two or three bicycles. During the rush hour, you can see that thousands of people - man and woman, old and young - ride their bicycles to work and study. That is why China is called “the kingdom of bicycles”. 单复数错误：man and woman men and women 词性误用：old and young the old and th

12、e young 专有名词： 第一个和最后一个单词首字母大写，其他：实词（名动形副代数）首字母大写；虚词（介连冠）首字母不大写。3.1模板句式提炼1原句：Bicycles are very popular in China. 词性转化：popular 首句升级： 练习：(请暂停完成以下真题句子写作:铅笔） 2011-06：现在网上购物已成为一种时尚 2010-06：如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写 2009-12：建设绿色校园很重要 2009-06：越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ 2008-12：一次性塑料袋曾经广泛使用 2008-06： 娱乐活动多种多样首句升级的第二种形式： 简

13、单句(Bicycles are very popular in China. ) 长难句： 在我眼中你最美！ In my eyes, you are the most beautiful.In my eyes, no one is more beautiful than you.提炼高分句式: 双重否定：结构：No _ is/are more _ than _.原句：Bicycles are very popular in China. In China, no means of transport is more popular and important than bicycles.小提示

14、：我能想到最浪漫的事就是和你一起变老。3.2模板句式提炼2原句：Almost every family in the city has two or three bicycles.* 调查法描述：Based on a recent report, a majority of Chinese families in the cities acknowledge that they have two or three bicycles. 练习： (请暂停:在完成首句之后，对以下现象进行描述）* 2011-06：现在网上购物已成为一种时尚* Based on a recent report by C

15、hina Daily, 72.34% of young people reckon that they have purchased clothes, books and other items on Taobao, Dangdang, Amazon and Group-buying websites. * 2010-06：如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写* However, according to a recent survey, a great many learners admit that they pay less attention to words spelling. * 2

16、009-06：越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？* Based on an investigation, a majority of visitors reckon that by visiting museums freely, they acquire rich knowledge on history, military and customs. * 2008-12：一次性塑料袋曾经广泛使用* As a recent reports reveals, a majority of residents acknowledge that they have been using the

17、se bags to take food, books and many other goods. * 2008-06： 娱乐活动多种多样* According to a recent survey, a majority of folks admit that they participate in more recreational activities: traveling, sports, watching TV or movies and surfing the Internet. 3.3提炼句式提炼3 原句：During the rush hour, you can see tha

18、t thousands of people - man and woman, old and young - ride their bicycles to work and study. 模板句式：During the rush hour, it can be noticed that thousands of people men and women, the old and the young- ride bicycles to work and study. * 练习：(请暂停:在完成前两句之后，描述以下话题现象）* 2011-06：现在网上购物已成为一种时尚* Every day, i

19、t can seen that thousands of people men and women, the old and the young shop online to buy various goods. 2009-06：越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？ On the weekends, it can be noticed that hundreds of people men and women, the old and the young visit museums to see the exhibits. 请背诵首段现象描述（正面） In China, bicycles

20、 have gained great popularity among Chinese people. Based on a report, a majority of residents in the cities acknowledge that they have two or three bicycles. During the rush hour, it can be noticed that thousands of people men and women, the old and the young- ride bicycles to work and study. 第二段原文

21、 Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. First, they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride. Second, riding bicycle is good for health. Third, they bring no noise nor air pollution. Though（转） cars are faster and more comfortable, they are too expensive. They consume plenty of oil and

22、 they pollute the air. Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to park his car. Moreover they often cause traffic jams and accidents. 第二段前半部分：支持：利 Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. First, they are cheap, convenient and easy to ride. Second, riding bicycle is good for health. Th

23、ird, they bring no noise nor air pollution.3.4写作常用理由积累 分词结构开头: compared with cars；be superior to = 优于；be inferior to = 低于 层次与逻辑：first, second, third, moreover 用于比较的模板句式1： Compared with cars, bicycles are superior in many ways. 11-06：第2个提纲: 网上购物有很多好处， 但也有不少问题 Compared with shopping in departments, on

24、line shopping is superior in many ways. Compared with = In comparison with 请笔记：常用理由：便宜：cheap / economical / inexpensive如：First, it is inexpensive to buy books or film tickets online. 2 方便：convenient / convenience / inconvenience 如：Second, this means of shopping brings us great convenience. 对有益：be go

25、od/ beneficial/ rewarding for3.5转折模板句式提炼： 原句：Though（转） cars are faster and more comfortable, they are too expensive. 欲抑先扬：Though/Although + 优点，+缺点（弊） 请暂停电脑：练习Though让步状语从句进行转折 2011-06：网上购物有很多好处， 但也有不少问题 Though online shopping is beneficial, it carries some risks. * 2009-06：1.越来越多的博物馆免费对外开放的目的是什么？* 2.

26、也会带来一些问题* Although free admission is convenient and beneficial, it does cause some problems. * 2008-12：使用一次性塑料袋带来的问题* Although these bags are convenient and inexpensive, they result in some negative impacts. * 2008-06：娱乐可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性* Although these activities are rewarding, they generate certain

27、negative influences. 第二段后半部分：They consume plenty of oil and they pollute the air. Sometimes, it is difficult for a driver to park his car. Moreover they often cause traffic jams and accidents. 笔记：consume：time/ energy /money* 如：Choosing or selecting items in the Internet consumes plenty of time and e

28、nergy. 第三段：我的看法* In my opinion, the future of bicycle is very promising. Since China is a developing country and has a large population, I think, riding bicycle is appropriate to Chinese present conditions. It will be an important means of transportation for quite a long time. 3.6观点模板提炼原句：In my opin

29、ion, the future of bicycle is very promising.* I am convinced that the future of bicycle is very promising.* what convinces me is that 3.7高分特征* a.内容相关 （切题即可）* b.结构清晰 （新闻联播三段论）* c.语言精彩 （句子结构词多变)那么，如何做到内容切题和结构清晰？推荐大家采用三步法的思路：* a.审读英文题目和汉语提纲：识别提纲功能* b.将三提纲转化为英文句子充当主题句 (若提纲是两个则添加一个或将其中一个拆成两个提纲来写)* c.将主题

30、句扩展成英文段落那么内容如何扩展？写作是一种输出性考试，其特点在于可以提前准备，以TOEFL写作为例：万能话题“环境类作文”可以写如下作文题目： a.在你家周围建一个工厂，你是否同意？ b.你认为科学家对人类的贡献大还是艺术家对人类的贡献大？ c.你的职业梦想是什么？ d.如果让你发明一样机器，你会选择什么？ e.如果你有一笔钱，你会用它来做什么？四级写作中一个作文题目做到一例多用的例子作业：题目：On English Learning 1. 英语学习很重要 2. 英语者所面临的困难 3. 如何学好英语范文：In the contemporary world, English learning

31、 has gained great popularity and it is of great significance. (主题句) Firstly, based on a survey, a majority of tourists aknowledge that they prefer to speak English when traveling around the world. (调查法表述)Secondly, comapred with the poor English speakers, good English-speakers are superior in many ways. (比较模板句式)However, English learner