届北京市高三下学期综合能力测试英语试题解析版.docx

1、届北京市高三下学期综合能力测试英语试题解析版2020-2021学年北京市高三下学期综合能力测试英语试题英语本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无 效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题卡上将该项涂黑。Ask 3-year-old Wolfy about his fiiture plans, and youll quickly discover this kids as

2、pirations area lot more down to earth His obsession? Garbage trucks and the men who drive and _L them.Up until recently, due to a pandemic, Wolfy was spending most days at home His favorite day of the week was Fridaytrash collection day, of course Every Friday morning, Wolfy 2_ waited for his belove

3、d garbage trucksto make their run up his street. Under his parents supervision. Wolfy became something of a 3_ to the trash collectors To Wolfy. these men are superheroes Two of them D. J. and Drew, became his particular pals, earning luni and liis trash team the nickname of die “WblackWolfys parent

4、s knew they weren*t able to throw him a big birthday party. 4 they told him he could invite a couple of friends over for cake. Wolfys ideal guest list was obvious. Drew and D. J. ! he=5=On the morning of September 9、four bright green garbage trucks, horns honking, rolled their way up the street to t

5、he delight of the ecstatic birthday boy and his stunned family.The guys came _6_ gifts, howling out their windows and took time to play with Wolfy, Ins mom posted to her Facebook page. He even got to honk the horn!Does it get any better!?The superheroes climbed down from their trucks to celebrate Wo

6、lfys birthday. After they _7_ the little boy with trash-related gifts, shared cake, and played with toy trucks, Wolfys garbage collecting heroes drove off to their other appointed roundsWolfys mom. more than a little impressed. _& her feelings, sayingThese are really kind gentle _9 who are fUll of p

7、ositive, good energy. These men are ideal role models. 5TheyYe the next generation to come, so seeing them enthusiastic about something even as J0_ as what we do in our everyday lives brings meaning and shows the importance of what everyone does in society.I. A. cleanB. loadC. repairD. collect2. A.

8、eagerlyB. hesitantlyC. patientlyD. naturally3. A. joyB. pityC. desireD. trouble4. A. BesidesB. FurtherC. InsteadD. Otherwise5. A. complainedB. orderedC. rejectedD. declared6. A. arrangingB. bearingC. enjoyingD. advertising7. A. amusedB. equippedC. preparedD. showered8. A. put upB. made upC. broke up

9、D. summed up9. A. soulsB.1eadersC. instnictorsD. colleagues10. A. boringB. annoyingC. simpleD. significant【答案】l.B 2.A3. A 4.C 5. D6. B 7.D & D9. A 10. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述小男孩Wolfy对垃圾车和收集垃圾的人很着迷，他认为他们就是超级 英雄，收集垃圾的人也对Wolfy的热情给予了很大回应，并且在他生日的那天给了他特殊的礼物和庆祝方 式。【1题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他所痴迷的是什么？垃圾车和开垃圾车装垃圾的人。A.

10、clean打扫：B. load装载; C. repair 修理：D. collect 收集。根据下文 “ His favorite day of the week was Fridaytrash collection day M 可知， Wolfy痴迷于开着垃圾车装垃圾的人。故选B项。【2题详解】考査副词词义辨析。句意：汝尔夫急切地等待着他心爱的垃圾车在他的街道上行驶。A. eagerly急切地：B. hesitantly 犹豫地:C. patiently 耐心地；D. naturally 自然地。根据上文 “His favorite day of the week was Fridaytra

11、sh collection day可知，Wolfy最喜欢的是垃圾收集的那一天，因此他等待收垃圾车在街上行驶 的心情是急切的。故选A项。【3题详解】考査名词词义辨析。句意：在他父母的监督下，汝尔夫成为了垃圾收集者的乐趣。A.joy乐趣：B.pity遗憾: C. desire 欲望；D. trouble 麻烦。根据下文Two of them. D. J. and Drew, became his particular pals, earning him and his trash team die nickname of die Wolfyack. *可矢口，垃圾收集者们喜欢Wolfy,因此他成为

12、他们的乐.趣。 故选A项。【4题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他们告诉他，他可以邀请几个朋友过来吃蛋糕。A. Besides此外：B. Further 进一步地；C. Instead 相反:D. Otherwise 否则。前文的 “ Wolfys parents knew they werent able to throw him a big birthday party. ” 和下文的 “ they told him he could invite a couple of friends over for cake.为转折关系,他 的父母知道他们无法为他举办大的生日派对，但是他可以邀请

13、几个朋友过来吃蛋糕。故选C项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：沃尔夫理想的宾客名单是显而易见的。Drew和D.J.!”他宣称。A.complained 抱怨：B. ordered 命令：C. rejected 拒绝：D. declared 宣布。根据 “Wolfys ideal guest list was obTious.Drev and D.J.!”可知，当父母说他可以邀请几个朋友来吃蛋糕时，他宣布了他的宾客名单。故选D项。【6题详解】考査动词词义辨析。句意：大伙儿带着礼物来了，在窗户外叫着，花时间和沃尔夫玩。A. arranging安排；B.bearing 携带:C. enjoyin

14、g 享受:D. advertising 广告。根据上文rolled their way up the street to the delight of the ecstatic birthday boy and his stunned family.可知,Wolfy的朋友们来给他过生日，可以推断他们带着礼 物。故选B项。【7题详解】考査动词词义辨析。句意：他们给小男孩送了很多垃圾相关的礼物，分享了蛋糕，玩了玩具卡车之后，沈 尔夫的垃圾收集英雄们就开车去了英他指左的地方。A. amused娱乐：B. equipped装备：C. prepared准备： D. showered 大量地给予。根据下文

15、 Mthe little boy with trash-related gifts, shared cake, and played with toy trucks,”可知，Wolfy的朋友们对他的生日很重视，因此给他送了很多礼物。故选D项。【8题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：沃尔夫的妈妈非常感动，总结了她的感受，说：“这些是非常善良温柔的灵魂， 充满了积极向上的能量。这些人是理想的榜样。” A. put up张贴;B. made叩弥补:C. broke up打碎:D. summed up 总结。根据下文 uThese are really kind gentle 9 who are full

16、 of positive, good energy. These men are ideal role models.”可知，接下来是Wolfy的妈妈在这些人对Wolfy做了这么多事情之后的感受，属于总结性的话 语。故选D项。【9题详解】考查需词词义辨析。句意：沃尔夫的妈妈非常感动，总结了她的感受，说：这些是非常善良温柔的灵魂， 充满了积极向上的能量。这些人是理想的榜样。” A. souls灵魂:B. leaders领导;C. instructors讲师：D. colleagues 同事。根据下文who are full of positive, good energy. These men

17、are ideal role models.可知,Wolfy 的妈妈认为这些人充满正能量，所以他们是温柔善良的灵魂。故选A项。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是下一代人，所以看到他们对我们日常生活中所做的这么简单的事情充 满热情，就意味着意义，也表明了每个人在社会中所做的事情的重要性。A. boring无聊的：B. annoying令 人恼怒的； C. simple简单的：D. significant有意义的。根据前文“ something even ”可知，收垃圾是如此 的简单的事情，他们却对此充满着热情，这给了人们希望。故选C项。第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题15分，共1

18、5分)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。A little girl ran to her bedroom and pulled out her piggy bank from a secret drawer in her closet.She _11_ (break) the piggy bank, took the change and counted it cautiously. Three times, even. The total had to be exactly perfect as t

19、here shouldnt be any chance for mistake here.She _12 (careful) placed the coins in a jar, twisted on the cap and then slipped out of the back door. Shemade her way six blocks to a drug store. She waited patiently for the pharmacist 3 (give) her some attention but he was too busy attending other cust

20、omers at that moment. _14_ she tried several times to get his attention, she wasnt successful.【答案】11. broke12.carefully13.to give14.Althougli/Though【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一个小姑娘拿零花钱去买药的故事。【11题详解】考查时态。句意：她打破了储蓄罐,拿了零钱，仔细数了数。根据空后took die change and counted./可 知，此处并列连词and连接并列的谓语动词，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时，表示过去发生的事情。

21、故 填 broke o12题详解】考查副词。句意：她小心翼翼地把硬币放进一个罐子里，拧上盖子，然后从后门溜了出去。空处需用副词 作状语修饰动词placed, careful的副词为carefiillyfc小心地”。故填careful叽【13题详解】考查动词不上式。句意：她耐心地等待药剂师的注意，但药剂师此时正忙于照顾其他顾客。wait for sb. to doSih.等待某人做某事，固肚搭配，此处动词不左式作宾语补足语。故填to give。【14题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然她试了好几次想引起他的注意，但都没有成功。根据前后句意可知，空处需用从属 连词althouglVthouglT虽然”引导

22、让步状语从句，句首单词首字母需大写。故填AlthouglVThough.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白 处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Chime bells, biaii zhong, are the most majestic and holy ancient instalment in China. As a symbol ofpower, they 15 (use) for sacrificial ceremonies or other crucial ceremonies. Starting 3,500 years ag

23、o, biaiizliong, were composed of bells _16_ different scales. The bells are played by mallets (木槌)and create the sounds of seven musical scales, much like the piano. Whats more amazing is that one bell can generate two notes when _17_ (strike) at different spots. Its exquisite cast and pure sound re

24、vealed the high level of ancient Chinese civilization and wisdom.【答案】15. were used16. in 17. struck【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古老乐器编钟的神奇之处。【15题详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：作为权力的象征，编钟被用于祭祀仪式或其他重要的仪式。根据句意可 知，此处表示过去编钟被用于祭祀仪式或苴他重要的仪式，所以空处谓语动词需用一般过去时的被动语态: was/were done,主语是复数they,所以be动词需用were。故填were used。【16题详解】考查介词。句意：从3

25、500年前开始，编钟由不同音阶的钟组成。此处表示以不同的音阶构成，所以空处需 用介词in, in different scales以不同音阶,固定搭配。故填in。【17题详解】考查非谓语动词和省略。句意：更令人惊奇的是，一个钟在不同的地方敲击时能发出两个音符。分析句子 结构可知，空处when引导的时间状语从句省略了主语one bell,此处表示被敲击，所以空处谓语动词需用 一般过去时的被动语态：was/were done,因为when从句的主语和主句一致，且含be动词，所以此处省略 one bell was,空处需用过去分词strucko故填struck.阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给

26、提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空OIn the paper Power Gets You High by Gerben Van Klccf, he claims that high-power individuals tend to experience （few） social restrictions and more resource-rich environments compared to their lower powercounterparts This means that people with a perceived hi

27、gh level of power arc more likely to dismiss established social constructs Whether its intentional or not, high-power people place _19_ （them） socially at a distanceand tend to act on their own concepts, they believe will help them gain control over valued resources【答案】18. fewer19.themselves20.which

28、【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章给我们解释了为何高权力者的社会限制较少。【18题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：Gerben Van Kleef的论文Power Gets You High中，他声称，与权力较低的人 相比，权力较高的人往往经历较少的社会限制和资源丰富的环境。根据空后“more resource-rich“可知， 空处形容词few需用其比较级形式fewer,表示较少的社会限制。故填fewer。【19题详解】考査代词。句意：不管是有意还是无意，高权力者都把自己置身于一个远离社会的地方，倾向于按照自己 的观念行事，他们相信这将帮助他们获得对宝贵资源的控制。此处指高权力者都把自己置

29、身于一个远离社 会的地方，所以空处需用（hem的反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselveso【20题详解】考查左语从句。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，空处需用关系词引导泄语从句，先行词是concepts,指物, 关系词在肚语从句中作主语，此处they believe是插入成分，所以空处需用关系代词which引导非限制性左 语从句。故填which。第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。AConstantly regret spending too

30、much time on your phone but just cannot stop? You are not alone. Here are five tips from Prof. Mark Griffiths psychologist and behavioral addiction expert at Nottingham Trent University to help you live well with your phoneStep it down graduallyThe urge to check your phone can become reflexive and h

31、abitual. For some, going a few minutes without checking their phone is difficult .If this sounds like you, try to go 15 minutes without doing it. Once you realize this is possible, increase the length of time you avoid checking to 30 minutes, an hour, and then a few hours, or a day.Monitor usageDown

32、load an app that will tell you how much time youYe spending online This could make you aware of a problemthe first step to a solution.Buy an alarm clockDont use your phone as an alarm, or you might be tempted（诱惑）to check texts and emails last thing at night and as soon as you wake up. Insicad, ban phones from the bedroom. Desi