1、初一英语语法知识点总结复习超详细课时一教课任务一、 要点语法1. 动词 be(am,is,are )的用法:be 动词包含“ am”, “is ”, “are ”三种形式。第一人称单数 (I) 配合 am来用。句型分析析: I am+ 例句: I am Snoopy.I am ten years old.I am a student.I am a boy.第二人称 (You) 配合 are 使用。句型分析: You are+例句: You are my good friend.You are a good teacher.You are beautiful第三人称单数 (He or She o
2、r It) 配合 is 使用。句型分析:She(He, It) is +例句: She is a good girl.She is so tall.She is short.人称复数 (we /you/they) 配合 are 使用。句型分析:We(You, They) are + 例句 We are in Class 5,Grade 7.They are my friends.You are good students.用法口诀 :我 (I) 用 am, 你(you) 用 are , is 随着他 (he) ,她 (she) ,它 (it) 。单数名词用 is ,复数名词全用 are 。变否
3、认,更简单, be 后 not 加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫抛弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘掉。对应练习:一. 用括号中适合的词填空。1.I _(am, are, is) from Australia.2.She _ (am, are, is) a student.3.Jane and Tom _(am, is, are) my friends.4.My parents _ (am, is, are) very busy every day.5._ (Are, Is, Do, Does) there a Chinese school in New York?6._ (Be, Are,
4、Were, Was) they excited when he heard the news?7.There _ (be) some glasses on it.8.If he _ (be) free tomorrow, he will go with us.一、用 be 动词的适合形式填空1. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.2.The girl_ Jacks sister.3.The dog _ tall and fat.4.The man with big eyes _ a teacher.5._ your brother in the class
5、room?6.Where _ your mother? She _ at home.7.How _ your father?8.Mike and Liu Tao _ at school.9.Whose dress _ this?10.Whose socks _ they?11.That _ my red skirt.12.Who _ I?13.The jeans _ on the desk.14.Here _ a scarf for you.15.Here _ some sweaters for you.16.The black gloves _ for Su Yang.17.This pai
6、r of gloves _ for Yang Ling.18.The two cups of milk _ for me.19.Some tea _ in the glass.20.Gao shans shirt _ over there.第二课时( 1 )英语人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词表示 “我 ”、 “你”、“他”、“她 ”、 “它 ”、“我们 ”、“你们 ”、“他们 ”的词,叫做人称代词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化,见下表:人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyouhehim第三人称shehertheythemit it人称代词主格:作主语,
7、表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.We/You/They are students.人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。Give it to me. Let gos (let =lets us)二、物主代词表示所相关系的代词叫做物主代词,也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 二种,其人称和数的变化见下表。数单数复数人称第一第二第三第一第二人称第三类型人称人称人称人称人称形容词性物主myyourhisheritsouryourtheir代词名词性物主代词mineyo
8、urshishersitsoursyourstheirs汉语我的你的他的她的它的 我们的他(她、它)你们的们的形容词性物主代词 (my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+ 名词而名词性物主代词则相当于形容词性物主代词 + 名词 ,故后来不用加名词 。如:Is this your book?No,, it isn t,it hers(her book)This pen is mine.代词练习(一)一、选出括号中正确的词,在正确的词上打勾。1.This is(my/ I) mother.2. Nice to meet (your / you ).3.(He/ His)nam
9、e is Mark.4. What s(she / her) name?5.Excuse(me/ my / I ).6. Are(your / you ) Miss Li?7.(I/My)amBen.8. (She /Her) is my sister.9.Fine, thank(your / you ).10. How oldis ( he / his)二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。1.These are _ ( he ) brothers.2.That is _( she ) sister.3.Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4.Tom, this is _ ( me
10、) cousin, Mary.5.Now _(herparent)areinAmerica.6.Those _ ( child )are_(I ) father students.7.Do you know _( it) name?8.Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends.9.Thanks for helping _( I ).10._(Ann 安)mother is _(we) teacher.三、单项选择。()1.Myfamily _a big family.My family_all here.A. is,isB. are,areC. is,areD. are,is
11、()2.Thisis_.A. apictureof familyB. apictureofmyfamilyC. afamilypicturesD. afamilyofmypicture()3.Let sgoodfriends.A. beB. areC. isD. am()4.Is she your aunt? Yes,_.A. she sB. her isC. sheisD. he is()5.Are_coatsyours?Yes, they are .A. theyB. theseC. thisD. there()6.Is that_uncle?No,it isn tA. heB. sheC
12、. herD. hers()7. Mrs. Green is _grandmother.A. Jim and KateB. Jim andKate sC. Jim andsKate sD. Jim and Kates ()8.Do youknow the name _Mr. Greensson?A. inB. ofC. onD. or()9._thegreat photoofyour family.A. thankforB. ThanksforC. ThankforD. thanksfor()10.Are thoseyourfriends?_.A. Yes, they reB. No,they
13、areC. Yes, theyareD. Yes,those are代词练习(二)一、用适合的代词填空1We like _(he,his , him) very much.2Is this guitar_(you, your,yours)?3_(She,Her, Hers)nameisLiLi.4Father bought a deskfor_(I, my, me, mine).5_(It,Its,Its)isvery coldtoday.6Is this your book, Mike?Yes ,_(we,you,they )are.7Are you and Tom classmates?Y
14、es, _(we,you,they )are.8Each of the students_(have,has)a pen pal.9He has a dog. I wanttohave _(it,one),too.10Herparentsare _ (both,all,either)teachers.11Thetextis easyforyou .Thereare_(few, afew,little,a little)new wordsin it .12I want _(some,any)bananas. Give me thesebig_(one,ones).二、选择正确的答案1Is thi
15、s _ book?A you B I CsheDyour2Its a bird. _ name is Polly.A Its BIts CHisDIt3Whats that ?_ a jeep.A itsB ItsCItsDits4Whats that in English? _.A Its egg BThats egg CIts a eggD Its an egg5Whose A catscat is this ? Is it yours?Bone ConesIs it a white _?Dcats6Please give the bookto _.A IB meCmyD mine7_sk
16、irtis yours?A WhoseBWhereCHowD Which8_ A Whosis this pen ? Its BWhoseWang Fangs.CWhereD Which9Kate and Mike do _ homeworkinthe evening.A ones Bhis CherDtheir10There isnt _ water in the bottle. A any B some C noD a课时二( 2)简单句一 陈说句1、 看法:说明一个事实或是陈陈说话人的见解的句子,句末用句号。2、 分类: 陈说句依据其语法构造, 可大概分为 “主语 +谓语 ”和“主语 +
17、连系动词 +表语 ”两种;而从语气的角度分,又可分为必定陈说句和否认陈说句(1) “主语 +谓语 ”构造 必定陈说句I like that book. 我喜爱那本书。 (陈说一个事实)Ireally agree. 我的确赞同。(陈说一个看法) 否认陈说句I did not buy the TV. 我没有买那个电视。 (陈说一个事实)(2)主语 +连系动词 +表语构造 必定陈说名The film is boring . 这部电影没意思。 (陈说看法) 否认陈说句Smoking is not good for your health. 抽烟对你的健康没有利处。 (陈说一个事实)3、 陈说句的否认构
18、造:陈说句的否认式主要用两种构造来表达:(1)句子的谓语动词为 be , have 或许谓语动词有助动词、神态动词时,其否认构造为:主语 +谓语动词 /助动词 /神态动词 + not + 其余成分I am not a teacher. 我不是老师。We have not (havent) any books on animals. 我们没有任何相关动物方面的书。The children are not (arent) playing in the playground. 孩子们没在操场上玩。He will not (wont) come. 他不会来。We must not (mustnt) f
19、orget the past. 我们不可以忘掉过去。It could not (couldnt) be lost. 它不可以能丢的。(2) 当句子的谓语动词是 do (即行为动词 ),并且没有助动词或神态动词时,其否认构造为:主语 +do (does,did) + not + 动词原形 + 其余成分You do not (dont) come here every day . 你没有每日都来这里。He does not (doesnt) teach this class . 他不教这个班。They did not(didnt) watch TV last night . 昨晚他们没看电视。注意
20、: 陈说句的语调一般用降调。但在表示疑问的语气时,用升调,在书面上要用问号来表示。You really want to go to Hong Kong ? 你真的想去香港吗?这句话表示的是一种疑问,只可是是经过陈说的语序和疑问的语气来表达的二 疑问句疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子,句末用问号 “? ”。常考的疑问句有四类,即:一般疑问句、特别疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。第一节 一般疑问句一般疑问句往常需要用 yes 或 no 往返答, 所以又叫做 “是非疑问句 ”。在读这种句子时要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种种类:1、 “ be +主语 + 表语 ”构造 Are you sleepy ?
21、你困了吗? Yes, I am . 是的,我困了。3、 “神态动词 + 主语言 + 行为动词(或 be) ”构造 May/Can I use the telephone? 我能用这部电话吗? Yes, you can. 是的,能够。5、 “助动词( do, does, did)+ 主语 + 行为动词 ”构造 Do you like swimming in summer? 你喜爱夏季游泳吗? No, I dont . 不,我不喜爱。难点提示回答否认性一般疑问句时,要在 Yes 后边用必定构造,表示必定;在 No 后边用否认构造,表示否认。 注意在说法上正好与汉语习惯相反。 窍门是在回答的时候,
22、只需把它当作没有加否认形式的一般一般疑问句对待就能够了。注意下边例句的回答和它的意思。 Is he not your elder brother? 他不是你的哥哥吗?Yes, he is . 不,他是(我的哥哥) 。No, he is not. 是的,他不是(我的哥哥) 。 Isnt she very clever? 她莫非不是很聪慧吗? Yes, she is. 不,她很聪慧。 No, she is not . 是,她不聪慧。第二节 特别疑问句一、特别疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句, 要求听到问题的人针对特定状况来做详细的回答,不可以像一般疑问句同样简单地用 Yes 或 No 往返答,特
23、别疑问句要用降调来读。二、特别疑问句的构造:特别疑问词 + 一般疑问句Who do English homework in the evening? 谁夜晚做英语家庭作业?What do you do in the evening? 你夜晚做什么?What homework do you do in the evening? 你夜晚做什么家庭作业?When do you do English homework? 你什么时候做英语家庭作业?三、注意:对人发问时 who“谁 ”对所属(谁的)发问用 whose“谁的 ”对哪一个发问用 which “哪一个 ”对时间发问用 when“什么时候 ”或
24、what time “几点 ”对物体发问用 what“什么 ”对地址发问用 where“哪里 ”对原由发问用 why“为何 ”对方式发问用 how“怎么样 ”对数目发问用 how many“多少 ”(用于可数名词复数)或 how much“多少 ”(用于不可以数名词)四、难点提示1、 以 why 开头的特别疑问句否认形式常用于表示建议、恳求等。 Why dont you have a try?你为何不试一试呢?2、 特别疑问句常用到一些缩略形式,在平时学习中要注意习惯这些用法。I dont want to go there. How about you? 我不想去那边,你呢?But what else? 但是还有什么呢?把以下句子变为否认句:1.I am listening to music. _2.Mike is a student. _3Sarah can clean the classroom. _4.They are in the zoo. _5.There are some flowers in the vase._6.This is my sister. _
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