人教新目标版 八下 Units 34课件精编知识点.docx

1、人教新目标版 八下 Units 34课件 精编知识点人教新目标版 八下 Units 3-4课件 Unit3 Could you please clean your room?重点考点Section A1. Peter, could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了吗？【解析1】Could you please do sth ?请你（做）.好吗？用于提出请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，说话的语气比较客气委婉。Could 不是can的过去式，是委婉、礼貌的说法。回答用can.【常用答语】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainl

2、y./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I cant 练习：1.【2013 湖北黄冈】Could I borrow your camera? _，but please give it back by Saturday. A. I am sorry B. Of course C. Certainly not D. No, thanks 2.【2013菏泽】Sir , could you please put out your cigarette? This is a smoke-free(无烟的)school_ A. Im sorry about this. B. No prob

3、lem C. Sure, Id love to D. Never mind【解析2】take out 取出（v+ adv） E.g.:The gift is in the box. You can take it out.【注】: 跟代词做宾语，代词放中间； 跟名词做宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后边【拓展】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走take back 收回 take place 发生 take off 脱下；起飞 2. Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盘子吗？ do the dishes 洗餐

4、具 【用法1】do the +名词： do the _/_ 洗餐具/衣服 【用法2】do the +动词-ing do the _ 打扫卫生 【用法3】do ones + 名词 do ones_/ _做家务/家庭作业 【用法4】do some +动词-ing do some_/_ 读些书/购物3. Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少让我看完这个节目可以吗【解析1】Could I do sth? 我可以做.吗？用于表达请求，语气比较委婉。 Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?【解析2

5、】at least 至少，多指数量或程度上的最低限度。(反) at most 至多，不超过【解析3】finish v 结束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事 练习【四川雅安】 Can you finish _ these books before 10 oclock? Yes, I can. A. to read B. read C. reads D. Reading4. I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。【解析1】two hours of TV表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常

6、被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。 How time is flies! Three years _(be) really a short time.作形容词 足够的，充分的（在句中作定语或表语）【解析2】enough I dont have enough money with me.作副词词 足够；充分（放在形容词；副词后） The river is deep enough for swimming. 【记】 Mr. Smith has _ _（足够的钱） ,but he isnt_ _ （足够仁慈）to help others.【注意】enough 修饰名词时，置于名词前；修饰形容词时，置于

7、形容词之后。 5. Could you take out the rubbish, fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了,衣服叠好,碗洗了吗？【解析】take 的用法：拿；取 Please take some books to the classroom. 吃；喝；服用 Take this medicine three times a day.乘（车；船等）take They usually take the bus to work.花费（时间；金钱） It takes me two hours to do my homework every

8、day.【拓展】take 构成的短语：take ones temperature 量体温 take out 拿出，取出 take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顾 take off 脱下；起飞 take up 占据 take down 拿下 take ones time 不急；慢慢来6. The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over . 我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一. 就.” Please write t

9、o me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front ofin front of 指在物体外部的前面 There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】 in the front of 指在物体内部的前面 Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 【记】 The driver sat_ the car. The policeman stood _ the car.【注意】有the无the区别大： at table 吃饭；进餐 at the tabel

10、在桌边 in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在医院（不一定看病）练习【达州中考】Do you know the girl _ is standing _ the tree? Yes, she is my friend, Zhang Ying. A. that, in the front of B. whom , under C. who, in front of D. which, behind【解析3】come over 过来 【拓展】 come 短语：come across（偶然）发现 come back 回来 come _ _想出 come _实现 come d

11、own下来 come from=be from来自,出生于 come in/into进入,进来 come on赶快,加油 come along走吧,过来,快点 come and go来来去去 come up上来 come out出来，(花)开，(照片)冲洗出来7. You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house! 你总是看电视，从不帮忙做家务【解析】all the time = always 一直；总是 help out （with sth）帮助，给予帮助【拓展】与time相关的短语：_ time 按时 _ time

12、及时 at the same time同时 form time to time偶尔 the first time 第一次 at times 有时 time and time again 一再；经常 last time上次 next time 下次8. Im just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！【解析】as.as . 和.一样. 比较级倍数表达句型为：倍数+as+形容词、副词原级+as+比较对象 练习1【江西中考】There are a small number of people involved, possibly _twenty. A. as few as B

13、. as little as C. as many as D. as much as 2.【安徽中考】Its said that the power plant is now_ large as what it was. A. twice as B. as twice C. twice much D. much twice9. For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。【解析1】neither nor 既不也不,此短语连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定 E.g.:Ne

14、ither Tom nor Jim is a student 【拓展】 就近原则：there be+句型； or ； either or； nor; neithernor； whetheror； notbut； not onlybut also ;句型中，谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 练习: 1.What he does or what he says _（do） not concern me.他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 2.Neither you nor I _（be） wrong .你和我都没错。 3.Not you but your father _

15、（be）to blame.不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。 4.Not only you but(also) he _ （be）wrong不仅你错了，他也错了。【解析2】 表达“也不” 则用neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语） 也不” 练习1.【2013黄石中考】I cant play the piano ,and _. A. neither can my sister B. my sister cant , too C. so cant my sister D. can my sister, either 2. I dont like rainy days. _.

16、 Rainy days always make me sad. A. Neither do I B. So do I C. Neither I do D. So I do10. The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语【注】find found found v寻找 (1) find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事 (2) find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很fin

17、d it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难11. She asked in surprise.她吃惊地问道。【解析】in surprise 惊奇地；吃惊地surprise v 使吃惊surprising adj. 令人吃惊的 surprised adj. 吃惊的 _ ones surprise 使某人吃惊的是 _ surprise 吃惊地 be surprised at 对感到吃惊12. “ Im sorry, Mom. I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a cle

18、an and comfortable home.” I replied. “对不起，妈妈。我终于理解为了拥有一个干净、舒适的家我们需要共同来分担家务。” 我回答说。【解析1】 need v 用于肯定句，是实义动词。 需要 (1)人做主语，sb. need to do sth 某人需要做某事 (2)物做主语，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done 用于否定句或疑问句，是情态动词 (1)neednt = dont have to 没有必要 (2)need ,must 引导的一般疑问句，肯定会的用must,否定回答用neednt Must I go there

19、 now? Yes，you must/No, you neednt练习【无锡中考】 Dont throw away the waste paper, It needs _ so that it can be reused. A. to destroy B. destroying C. to collect D. Collecting【解析2】share sth 分享或共用某物share sth with sb. 与某人分享某物13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie?看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？【解析】hang out 闲逛

20、hang up 把.悬挂/挂起14. Could you please pass me the salt?你能把盐递给我吗？【解析】pass v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某人 pass on 传递 E.g.: Please pass the paper on to the other students. v 通过；路过 E.g.:I pass your home. v 通过（考试） ；及格 E.g.:Tom can pass his math exam.15. Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本书看吗Could you lend me

21、 some money?你能借我一些钱吗？【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,与from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】 borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物 E.g.:You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,与to 搭配 【指借出去】 lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 E.g.:He doesnt want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时

22、间】【记】 I want to _ a bike from my friend but he didnt _ it to me, Because Tom had _ it for two days.16. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。【解析】hate to do sth 讨厌去做某事, 表示某次具体行为或动作。E.g.: I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示经常或习惯性行为或动作。E.g.: She hates smoking in her room. 17.Could I ask you to help me

23、with some chores then? 那我能请求你帮我做些杂活吗？【解析】 ask sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事。 ask for 请求，要某物 ask sb. about sth 向某人询问关于某事 【拓展】 (1)ask sb. for help 向某人请求帮助 (2) ask sb. (not) to do sth请求某人做某事 【重庆中考】 Mr. Li asks the students _ in the river, because its too dangerous. A. swim B. to swim C. not to swim D. to not s

24、wim18.Ill finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.当你帮我洗盘子的时候，我将完成我的家庭作业。【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事【解析2】while conj. “在期间； 当的时候”While 引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词只能是延续动词。【2013杭州中考】Sally took a photo of her friends while they _ computer games. A. play B. are playing C. have played D. were playing【解析3】he

25、lp sb. with sth. 在某事上帮助某人。【注】help v 帮助 _adj. 有帮助的 _ adj.无助的 【用法1】help sb. do sth. =help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 【用法2】with the help of sb.=with ones help在某人的帮助之下 【用法3】without the help of 没有在的帮助之下练习1.【浙江温州】Ann often helps me _ math after school. A. for B. with C. on D. By 2._ your help, we couldnt catch

26、 the thief. A.With B. Under C. For D. WithoutSection B1. Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀请我的朋友们来聚会吗？【解析】invite sb. to Sp. 邀请某人去某地【解析】invite v invitation n邀请 (1) invite sb. to do sth 邀请某人做某事 (2)invite sb. to +地点 邀请某人去某地 练习You should refuse his _(invite) .He is really friendly. We invited him

27、 _(join) us to practice speaking English. He invited a lot of friends _(come) to his birthday party.2. I dont understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home. 我不理解为什么有些父母在家让孩子们帮忙做家务和杂务。【解析】make sb. do sth 让某人做某事make made made v. 做， 制作， 使得(1) make sb/sth + 形容词 “让某人或

28、某物” make you happy (2) make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.【make短语】:make sure 确信 make a mistake犯错误 (by mistake由于疏忽)make a noise吵闹 make faces做鬼脸 make friends (with)和.交朋友 make tea沏茶 make money赚钱 make a decision作出决定 make the bed 整理床铺 make a living 谋生 make fun of = laugh at 取笑 3. They dont have time

29、 to study and do housework，too 他们也没有时间来学习家务和做家务。【解析】have time to do sth.有时间做某事have time =be free 有空4. Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。【解析】a waste of 浪费a waste of time 浪费时间 a waste of money 浪费金钱waste v “浪费” waste time/money on sth waste time / money (in) doing sth 在做某事上花费时间/金钱5. They

30、 should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。【解析1】spend. on sth 在某事上花费. 近义词辨析 spend/pay/cost/take 花费(1)spendspentspent v 花费,主语是人 E.g.: He spends too much time on the computer games. sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sthsb. +spend +时间/钱+（in）doing sthspend on= pay for 支付(2) pay paid paid v 支付，主语是人 E.g.: I pay 10 yuan for th