八年级英语上册第一单元.docx

1、八年级英语上册第一单元词汇点睛一、基础词汇1、任何人 2、任何地方 3、精彩的 4、几个 5、相当多 6、大部分的 7、某些事物 8、没什么 9、每个人 10、当然 11、我自己 12、你自己 13、猪 14、似乎 15、无聊的 16、某些人 17、日记 二、重点词汇讲解1、anyone anyone为不定代词，意为“任何人”相当于anybody. Eg: Anyone in the club can use the dictionany.2、anywhere anywhere为副词“任何地方”，有形容词修饰时要放在anywhere的后面。Eg：anywhere interesting, an

2、ywhere exciting. 3、wonderful wonderful形容词，意为“极好的，奇妙的”，是由wonder加上ful构成的形容词，类似的还有helpful, careful, useful 其副词形式是wonderfully.Eg：have a wonderful time Wonderful weather.4、something, nothing something, nothing均为不定代词，有形容词修饰时应放在两者后面，不定代词作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式，something用在肯定句、疑问句、否定句中应用anything.Eg：There is somethi

3、ng on the floor. Nothing happens in this house.5、everyone, someone everyone, someone为不定代词“每个人”“某人”，everyone相当于everybody, 用于肯定句、否定句和疑问中用anyone. Eg: Everyone is here. Someone has been here.6、myself yourself myself意为“我自己”，yourself意为“你自己”两者都是反身代词，类似的还有himself, ourselves, themselves. Eg: I can do it by m

4、yself. She learnt English by herself.7、seem seem意为“似乎”，“好像”，可作系动词使用，后面接形容词，也可构成词组seem to do sth,还可构成从句“It seems that+从句。”Eg：He seems friendly. He seems to be friendly. It seems that he is friendly.8、bored bored为形容词“无聊的”常用来描述人对某事的感受，若用来描述物则应用boring,类似的还有excitingexcited, interestedinteresting, relaxed

5、relaxing等等。 Eg: We felt bored when we saw the boring movie.词汇点睛一、基础词汇1、活动 2、决定 3、试图、努力 4、写 5、自行车 6、楼房 7、想知道 8、不同、差异 9、顶部 10、等待 11、雨伞 12、湿的 13、在以下 14、足够的 15、饥饿 16、感受到 17、如同 18、鸭子 19、不喜欢 二、重点词汇讲解1、decidedecide为动词“决定”，常构成词组decide to do sth和decide on sth，其名词形式为decision,常构成词组make a decision to do sth（决定做

6、某事）相当于decide to do sth, decide后面也可接从句。decide后面还可跟“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。Eg：I decided to find a parttime job. In the end, she decided on the red skirt. The little girl cant decide what to do.2、try (1)try为动词“试图”、“努力”，常构成词组try to do sth和try doing sth,两者的区别在于try to do sth强调付出一定的努力设法去完成，而try doing sth则不一定付出很大努力。

7、Eg: I tried hard to improve my spoken English.(2) try还可以构成词组try ones best to do sth尽某人全力去做某事。 Eg: We should try our best to practice speaking English.(3) try还可作句词“尝试”。Eg：Lets have a try.3、wonder wonder为动词“想知道”后面通常接从句。 Eg: I wonder who he is.4、difference difference为可数名词“不同，差异”，其形容词形式为different，常构成词组b

8、e different from和不同。Eg：There is no difference between you and them.5、top Top为名词“顶部，顶端”常构成词组on the top在上方。Eg: Write your name on the top.6、wait wait为不及物动词，意为“等待”，后面接宾语时常用介词for连接。Eg：Dont wait for me if I am late.7、enough.(1)enough既可作形容词，也可作副词，意为“足够的（地）”，修饰名词时可放在名词前后，修饰形容词或副词时只以能放在后面。 Eg: Theres enough

9、 room（room enough） for everybody. Its warm enough in the room.(2)enough后常接for+名词/代词+to do sth Eg: Its old enough for the boy to go to school.8、dislikedislike可作动词“不喜爱，厌恶”，也可作名词“不喜爱，厌恶”，作动词讲时，反义词为like. Eg: The old man dislikes big cities. Tell us about your dislikes.语法小结 1、第一单元主要学习的时态是过去时。（1）一般过去时态，表示

10、过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如“yesterday”、“last month”、“ten minutes ago, in 2004”等Eg: I went to the 200 last week.（2）一般过去时还可表示过去的习惯性动作，常用“used to”表达，意为“过去常常”。Eg: I used to go to school on foot. (3)通过上下文判断动作发生在过去的，也用过去时。A: Where did you go?B: I went to my uncles.2、一般过去时的肯定句、否定句和疑问句的构成。(1)肯定句：主语+动词

11、过去式。Eg: She was a student ten years ago.(2)否定句：主语+was/were+not或主语+didnt+动词原形。Eg: They werent here just now. Tim didnt play soccer yesterday afternoon.(3)一般疑问句：was/were+主语+或Did+主语+动词原形+？Eg: Were you at home yesterday? Did she go shopping last weekend?(4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问句+一般疑问句？Eg: When did you go to the pa

12、rk? What did they do last night?3、动词过去式的构成。 (1)规则变化。一般情况在动词的词尾加ed.playplayed workworked以不发音字母e结尾的在词尾加d. likeliked practicepracticed末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母再加ed. stopstopped planplanned以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变y为i再加ed.studystudied worryworried(2)不规则变化见教材后面的动词表。4、不定代词和副词的用法。(1)不定代词有表示人的，如“everyone, anyone”等有表示物

13、的，如“everything, nothing”等。特别强调的是形容词修饰不定代词时要放在不定代词的后面。 Eg: someone special anything interesting(2)副词“somewhere, anywhere”等的用法同样有形容词修饰时必须放后面，前面不能加介词。 Eg: somewhere warm She doesnt like living anywhere noisy.句型透视一、 必背句。1、Where did you ?2、Did you go with ?3、Long time .4、We took photos there.5、How did yo

14、u it?6、The only problem was that there was in the evening but vead.二、例句解析。1、Did you go with anyone？你和别人一起去的吗？（1）这是一个以Did开头的一般疑问句，它的肯定回答是Yes, I did. 否定回答是No, I didnt.(注意：在过去式里，没有单三式。)（2）with在这里作介词“和，与一起”，with也可连接两个并列的人放句首，但with后面的人不做这句话的主语。 Eg: Sally with her brother walks to school every day.2、We to

15、ok quite a few photos there.我们照了相当多的照片。（1）a few表示“一些，几个”，后面接可数名词的复数形式，a little也表示“一些”，后面接不可数名词，“a few, a little”表示有一些，这两个词组都表示肯定的意思。 “few, little”意为“几乎没有的”，表示否定的意思。 Eg: Few pelple know it.几乎没有人知道这一点。 A few people know it.有几个人知道这一点。 There is little time left.没剩下多少时间。 Dont worry, you still have a litt

16、le time.别担心，你还有一点时间。（2）quite Quite意为“完全，十分，相当”，在这里quite a few意为“相当多”后接可数名词，quite a little也为“相当多”后接不可数名词。Eg：Quite a few students like to watch the football match. He spent quite a little money on books and newspapers.3、How did you like it? 你认为它怎样？ 这是用来询问对方对某人某物或某事的看法，也可以表达成为What did you think of it?通

17、常用“interrsting, boring furny”等形容词来作回答。Eg： A：What do you think of the morie? B：It is so furny.A：How did you like your vacation? B：It was exciting.4、The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 唯一的问题是在晚上除了读书之外没什么可做的。（1）这是一个含有从句的复合句，其主句是“The only problem”,从句为 “there w

18、as nothing much to do in the evening but read.” Eg: My dream is to be a doctor.（2）nothing much to do在这个结构里，nothing为不定代词，much要放在不定代词后面修饰nothing, to do为动词不定式作后置定语修饰nothing. Eg: I have too much homework to do . She wants something to eat.（3）but这里作介词，意为“除了”Eg：Last evening I did nothing but watch TV. Nob

19、ody knew it but me. I did nothing but go home.句型透视一、 必背句1、Did she buy her best friend?2、I I was a bird.3、I what life here in the past.4、What a a day !5、And the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below.6、We forgot to bring an .二、例句解析1、Did she buy anything for her best friend? 她为她最好的朋友作什么东西了吗？（1）any

20、thing为不定代词“某物”、“任何事物”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，有形容词修饰时常放在anything的后面。 Eg: Did you see anything special?（2）buy sth for sb意为“为某人作某物”相当于buy sb sth.Eg：I bought a scarf for my mother last week.2、I felt like I was a bird.我感觉我是一只鸟。 feel like意为“感受到，觉得好似”，后面可接名词、动名词和从句。Eg：I feel like a part of group now. I feel like I am

21、 lonely.3、I worder what life was like here in the past.我想知道在过去这儿的生活是什么样的。（1）这是一个复合句，其中“I worder”为主句，“what life was like was like here in the past”本应是问句，但在作从句时，则要改成陈述句的语序。 Eg: I wonder why he came here.（2）whatbe like这个问句常用来询问人或物的品格特征。Eg：What is your brother like? What will the life be like in 100 yea

22、rs?4、What a difference a day makes?这一天是多么地不同！这是一个“what”引导的感叹句，感叹句的常用结构有：what a(an)+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语+其他！what+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数+主语+谓语+其他！How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语+其他！Eg: What an interesting book it is! What bad weather it was yesterday! How beautiful the flowers are!5、And because of the bad weather, we couldnt

23、see anything below. 因为这糟糕的天气，我们看不到下面的任何事物。（1）because of是介词短语，后面跟名词性短语。 Eg: Bob stopped playing baseball because of his illness.（2）because是连词，后接表示原因的状语从句。 Eg: I dont like summer because the weather is too hot.6、We forgot to bring an umbrella. 我们忘了带雨伞。（1）forget为动词“忘记”，其过去式、过去分词分别为“forgot、forgotten.”常构

24、成词组forget to do sth忘记做某事和forget doing sth忘记已做过的事。 Eg: Dont forget to turn off the lights. I forgot calling you.（2）把某物忘在某地，只能用“leave” Eg: I left my homework at home.重点词组1、呆在家 stay at home 2、去海边 go to the beach3、去夏令营 go to summer camp4、去度假 go on vacation5、买一些特别的东西 buy something (anything) special6、为测验

25、学习 study for the test7、相当多的照片 quite a few photos8、大部分时间 most of the time9、当然 of course10、写日记 keep a diary11、感觉像 feel like12、步行到山顶 walk up to the top13、一个多小时 over an hour14、开始下小雨 start raining a little15、又两个小时 another two hours16、在我们的学校旅途中 on our school trip17、在晚上 at night八年级上册第一单元测试题一、单项选择1.- _ did

26、you do last night ? - I played computer games in my bedroom. A. What B. How C. Why D. Where2. Most of the _ _ very hot .A. city ; is B. city ; are C. cities ; is D. cities ,was 3. I spend 2 hours doing my homework and I need _ to finish it A. the other hour B.another one hour C. one another hour D.a

27、n hour more4. -_ did you _the summer vacation? - It was terrible . I have too much homework to do .A. What; think B. How , liked C. How; think of D. How ; feel about 5. When its very hot , I _ swimming in the pool .A. would like B. want C. feel like D. decide6. The children are too young to look aft

28、er _. A. myself B. themselves C. they D. yourself7. Its only 19:00, we decide _ home A. going B. go to C. not to go D. not to go to8. We had great fun _the volleyball match between the Chinese team and Japanese team.A. watch B. watched C. watches D. watching9. How about _a drink? A. have B. to have

29、C. had D. having10. The teacher made me _at school because I didnt finish my homework yesterday. A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed11. - Is _ here ? -Bob is not here. A. everyone B. anyone C.someone D.nobody12. I had _money for a taxi，so I walked home.A. no B. some C. any D. a little13. I found

30、 an elephant _across the river.A. walks B. walked C. to walk D. walking14. I _you yesterday afternoon，but you _at home.A. call，arent B. am calling，arent C. called，were D. called，werent15.A quarter _, we felt very thirsty. A. late B. after C. later D. behind 16.There are _ people ,so its very crowded (拥挤的) . A. quite a few B. a lot C. a little D. few17.Dogs are like _to us and they are _ to us. A. friends ; friend B. friends ; friendly C. friendly ; friends D. f