高三英语第二轮练习考点精讲精炼第10讲单项选择名词性从句.docx

1、高三英语第二轮练习考点精讲精炼第10讲单项选择名词性从句2019高三英语第二轮练习考点精讲精炼第10讲单项选择名词性从句第10讲 单项选择名词性从句名词性从句中连接词的正确选用 that，wh-引导的名词性从句及某些特殊词后所跟的宾； Ak句名词性从句中，从句部分要用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序 that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别 whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别经典易错题会诊名词性从句中连接词的正确选用1.(典型例题精选)Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that考场错解B或D专家

2、把脉许多考生都误以为what在此题中充当failed的宾语，或认为空格后不缺成分，应选B或D。实际上就此题而言，不难看出句意为“玛丽写了一篇关于队伍为何在比赛中失败的文章”，所以应该选用强调原因的why。对症下药A2.(典型例题精选)Dambyleftwordwithmysecretaryhewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which考场错解A专家把脉此题考查同位语从句，that只起引导词的作用，不充当任何句子成分。对症下药B3.(典型例题精选)Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellforhethoughtwasn

3、otenough.A.whereB.howC.whatD.which考场错解D专家把脉介词for后的从句中hethought为插入语，假设将其略去，从句中缺少主语。假设用which那么须有一定范围。对症下药C4.(典型例题精选Couldyoudomeafavour?Itdependsonitis.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever考场错解D专家把脉what引导的从句做介词on的宾语，what在从句中作is的表语。对症下药C5.(典型例题精选Pleaseremindmehesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.wher

4、eB.whenC.howD.what考场错解D专家把脉此题考查when引导的宾语从句。句意为：“请提醒我他说他要离开的时间，我可能去送他。”对症下药B6.(典型例题精选ThereismuchchanceBillwillrecoverfromhisinjuryintimefortherace.A.thatB.whichC.untilD.if考场错解D专家把脉此题考查that引导的同位语从句。that在从句中不做成分。对症下药A专家会诊1、that引导名词性从句时，在从句中无意义，不作成分，只起到连接作用，在宾语从句中可省略。Hetoldmethathewouldleavesoon、2、what与

5、that在名词性从句中的区别。mght：WhathesaidwastruE、这是一个主语从句，what在从句中作动词said的宾语，意思是：“话”或“事”，此句中不能用that。Thathecamelatemadetheteacherangry、这个句子还是主语从句。从句中意思完整，所以用that来引导，起到一个标志作用。考场思维训练1Itrytounderstandpreventsthemfrombeingashappyasonemightexpectalthoughtheyaresorich.A.thatB.whatC.itD.whether1、B解析：what引导宾语从句。2Thedea

6、lertoldmehowmuchhewaspreparedtopayformycarandIcouldhavethemoneywithoutdelay.A.whatB.thatC.!D.whether32、B解析：that只起连接词作用，本身无意义。3Ihavefoundout.theywillasktoleadthevictorymarchonSaturday.A.whenB.whereC.whomD.what3、c解析：whom引导一个宾语从句，在宾语从句中又作ask的宾语。命题角度2that、Wh-引导的名词性从句及幕些特殊词后所跟的宾语从句1.(典型例题精选)Assoonashecom

7、esback,Iwilltellhimwhenandseehim.A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome考场错解B专家把脉此题是when引导的一个宾语从句，在名词性从句中，其从句部分一律用陈述语序，故应该用youwillcome。对症下药A2.(典型例题精选)Theoldladyshandshookfrequently,sheexplainedtoherdoctorthisshakinghadbegunhalfayearbefore,and,onlybecauseofthis,shehadbeenforcedtogiveupherjob.A

8、.when;howB.how;whenC.how;howD.why;why考场错解B专家把脉此题考查的是动词explain后引导的宾语从句的引导词选用。第一空用how较易，但第二空很多考生填when，其实在前一分句中已有时间状语，故此处用when明显不对，仍然用how引导，即“她是如何被迫放弃工作的”。对症下药C3.(典型例题精选)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolongeritwas20yearsago,_poorlyequipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that考场错

9、解C专家把脉此题考查表语从句。第一空为what引导的表语从句且what在从句中作表语。第二空when后跟过去分词作定语。对症下药A4.(典型例题精选Whatweusedtothinkimpossiblenowdoesseempossible.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe考场错解A专家把脉此题考查what引导的主语从句中动词时态的选择。now为主句中的时间状语，从句中含有usedto。可知答案为B。对症下药B5.(典型例题精选teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.

10、NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever考场错解C专家把脉此题考查主语从句。whatever引导主语从句时做从句中的某一成分，而此题中whichever修饰从句中的主语team，可知答案为D。对症下药D6.(典型例题精选)Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwaswedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what考场错解C或B专家把脉此题考查表语从句。when，where在从句中做状语，而此题从句中缺少宾语，可知答案为D。对症下药D7.(典型例题精选Itsthirtyyearssincewelast

11、met.ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,_wegotlostonarainynight.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when考场错解D专家把脉此题考查同位语从句，believeitornot为插入成分，如选when那么与从句中onarainynight重复，可知答案为B。对症下药B专家会诊1、that引导的宾语从句中，that通常可以省略。Hehastoldme(that)hewillgotoShanghaitomorrow、他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide等表示要求、命令

12、、建议、决定等意义的动词后，that从句常用“(should)+动词原形”的结构。2、形容词后所跟的宾语从句某些动态形容词(afraid，confident，aware，cer-tain，sure，doubtful等)在句中做表语时，后面可跟宾语从句。例句：lamconfidentthatICangetthejoB、我有信心我可以得到这份工作。考场思维训练1Wecantfigureoutquiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when1、C解析：考查宾语从句，figureout意为“计算出”。动词和宾

13、语从句之间明显要一个表示原因的关系副词why。2Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where2、A解析：what此时作介词setupin的宾语并在宾语从句中充当主语。3Mr.Smithsuggestedthatallofthestudentstheirexercisebooks.A.handedinB.shouldhandinC.handinginD.thathandin3、B解析：尽管动词suggest用了过去式，但suggest后假设跟宾语从句，那么从句部分应用shoulddo结构。

14、4Afterfivehoursdrive,theyreachedtheythoughtwastheplacetheydbeendreamingof.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.what4、D解析：reach后缺少宾语，所以后面接的是宾语从句。在宾语从句中又缺少主语。5ItiscertainlittleTomcanworkoutsuchadifficultproblem.A.whetherB.thatC.ifD.when5、B解析：某些特殊形容词，如sure，certain，doubtful等后可用that来引导宾语从句。探究开放题解答综合问题1名词性从句中，从句部分要用陈述语序

15、、不能用疑问语序1.(经典题)Thesephotographswillshowyou_.A.whatourvillagelookslikeB.whatdoesourvillagelooklikeC.howourvillagelooklikeD.howdoesourvillagelooklike解题思路此题中空格部分明显作动词show的宾语，由于looklike是及物动词短语，本句中缺少宾语，故应选用能充当宾语的what，排除C、D答案。在A、B答案中，由于what引导的从句作宾语，即是一个宾语从句，所以应该用陈述语序，B项显然是疑问语序。解答A综合问题2that引导同位语从句与定语从句的区别1

16、.Thenewsourteamwonthematchwastrue.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why解题思路在本句中，that在从句中不作成分，删去后为，rhenewswastme，意思完整，因此是个同位语从句。判断是定语从句还是同位语从句，关键看that从句部分有无意义，是否作句子成分。解答B2.(典型例题精选warmthoughtsuddenlycametomeImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymothersbirthday.A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which解题思路在本句中that在从句中不做任何成分，引导

17、同位语从句。解答C综合问题3whether和if在名词性从句中的用法区别1.we11gocampingnextweekdependsontheweather.A.ffB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where解题思路尽管whether和if都作“如果、是否”理解，但if不能引导主语从句同位语从句和表语从句，而whether却可以引导。解答B规律总结whether和if在名词性从句中的区别。以下情况只用whetIlef不用if：1、引导主语从句时。2、引导表语从句时。3、引导同位语从句时。4、作介词宾语时。5、其后紧跟ornot时。6、其后跟不定式时。考场思维训练1.Canyoutellme?

18、A.whoisthatwomanB.whothewomanisC.whomisthewomanD.thatwomanis1、B解析：who引导宾语从句，应用陈述语序。2.FathermadeapromiseIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeanewdictionary.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.thatif2、D解析：that引导同位语从句，同位语从句中还包含一个、f引导的条件状语从句。3.Thereissomedoubtshewillbeabletorepaythemoneyontime.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.whether3、D

19、解析：doubt意为“怀疑”，其后的从句只能用whether而不能用if引导。假设前面有否定词，那么用that引导。考点高分解题综合训练I、单项选择1(典型例题精选)Dorissuccessliesinthefactsheiscooperativeandeagertolearnfromothers.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why1、B解析：此题考查同位语从句。which不引导同位语从句，when和why分别表示时间和原因。2(典型例题精选)Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder.A.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycos

20、tC.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost2、c解析：宾语从句中应用陈述语序。3(典型例题精选makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever3、A解析：此题考查主语从句，what做从句中的主语。4(典型例题精选Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleasedbewasamanofaction.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.wheth

21、er4、B解析：此题考查形容词后所跟的从句，that在从句中不作任何成分。5Ishallneverforget9a.m.onOct,12,典型例题精选emostexcitingmoment,ShenZhouVIwaslaunched,isalwaysmakingmethinkofIcandomoreformyhomeland.A.that;which;whichB.which;that;thatC.when;as;whatD.when;which;how5、D解析：when引导的是同位语从句；which引导的是非限制性定语从句；how作do的状语，引导宾语从句。6Elephantshaveth

22、eirownwaytotelltheshapeofanobjectanditisroughorsmooth.A./B.whetherC.howD.what6、B解析：whether引导宾语从句作tell的宾语。7Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccepthelphecanget.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whenever7、C解析：accept后跟宾语从句。题干中没有给出选择范围，所以用whatever而不用whichever。8Iwassurmisedbyherwords,whichmademerecognizesillymistake

23、sIhadmade.A.whatB.thatC.howD.which8、A解析：recognize后的宾语从句中用what修饰mistakes，应选A。9Marywroteanarticleontheteamhadfailedtowinthegame.A.whyB.whatC.whoD.which9、A解析：介词on后为宾语从句，从句中结构完整，应用连接副词why，应选A。10Thewayhediditwasdifferentwewereusedto.A.inwhichB.inwhatC.fromwhatD.fromwhich10、C解析：此题考查宾语从句。bedifferentfrom为习惯

24、搭配，所以此题选择fromwhat。what作为from的介词宾语从句的连接词使用，同时在从句中充当to的宾语。11Theteacherdemandedthatourexaminationpaperhandedinatonce.A.beB.mustbeC.wouldbeD.hadtobe11、A解析：某些动词，如demand，suggest，order等后接that从句时用shoulddo结构，should可以省略。12Weallagreewithhimonhesaid.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.how12、A解析：置于介词后的宾语从句一般不用that引导。本句充当said的宾语，

25、故用what。13Wemustdowellthepartyassignsustodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.those13、B解析：充当do的宾语，作句子成分，此时不能用that。14Iwillgivethisdictionarytowantstohaveit.A.whomeverB,whoeverC.whateverD.wherever14、B解析：空缺处既作to的宾语，同时又作后一分句的主语，此时只能用whoever。假设用whomever，那么从句缺少主语。15Imsorryyourmotherisill.A.whomB.ifC.thatD.how15、c解析：主语+

26、be+形容词+that、结构。16Wethinkitimportantweshouldkeepthebalanceofnature.A.whetherB.whatC.thatD.which16、B解析：that引导宾语从句后置，it为形式宾语。17Ihopehappywhileyouarehere.A.youtobeB.foryourbeingC.youwillbeD.youbeing17、C解析：希望某人做某事，不可用hopesB、todosth、hope后不接动名词结构，但可接宾语从句。18Weallknowthenewshetoldher.A.towhichB.!C.whatD.atth

27、at18、B解析：定语从句。19WordhascomesomeAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.when19、B解析：同位语从句，that不充当成分。20Thingswerenottheyseemedtobe.A.whatB.becauseC.thatD.where20、A解析：what引导表语从句。21Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifitA.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenb

28、roken21、C解析：在asif引导的表语从句中，谓语动词有时可用虚拟语气，如此题中“铅笔似乎断了”实际上未断。22ThereasonIplantogoisifIdont.A.becauseshewillbedisappointedB.thatshewillbedisappointedC.becauseshewillbedisappointedD.onaccountofshewillhaveadisappointed22、B解析：that引导表语从句。23theoldmanssonswantedtoknowwasthegoldhadbeenhidden.A.That;whatB.What;w

29、hereC.What;thatD.What;if23、B解析：what引导主语从句，where引导表语从句。24Whatapityisyoudidntarrivebydaylight.A.there;becauseB.it;thatC.he;whenD.that;for24、B解析：it充当形式主语，此句结构可还原成：Itisapitythat、。25wecantgetseemsbetterthanwehave.A.What;whatB.What;thatC.That;thatD.That;what25、A解析：前一个what引导主语从句，且作get的宾语，后一个what作have的宾语。26

30、Itsnotyetclearofthosewillbechosentodothejob.A.thatB.whomC.whichD.whose26、c解析：which表选择关系，引导主语从句，it为形式主语。27Itisprobablehetoldhereverything.A.whoB.whichC.whyD.that27、D解析：Itis/was+形容词+that结构。28ItdoesntmatterIrestornot.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.when28、B解析：引导主语从句时不能用if。29isstillasecretwhenthepresidentwillmakea

31、publicspeech.A.ThatB.HeC.WhatD.It29、D解析：it做形式主语。30breaksthelawshouldbepunished.A.NomatterwhoB.WhoeverC.AllD.Who30、B解析：whoever引导主语从句，nomatterwho虽语意相同，但不能引导主语从句。、完形填空阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从3150各题所给的四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。OneafternoonIwassittingatmyfavoritetableinares-taurant,waitingforthefoodIhadorderedtoarrive.SuddenlyI31thatamansitt