届高考英语一轮近3年真题考点分类汇编《专题八 非谓语动词》.docx

1、届高考英语一轮近3年真题考点分类汇编专题八 非谓语动词专题八非谓语动词高考试题考点一 非谓语动词作定语1.They might just have a place on the writing coursewhy dont you give it a try?(2013新课标全国,22)A.left B.leaveC.leaving D.to leave剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:他们的写作课或许恰好有个空位。你为什么不试试呢?leave与a place之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,因此用过去分词形式,在句中作后置定语。【技巧点拨】 考查非谓语动词时,关键是要分析该动词与所修饰词之间的关系,如果是

2、主谓关系,则通常用动词-ing形式,如果是动宾关系,则通常用动词-ed形式,如表示将来则用动词不定式。2. The airport next year will help promote tourism in this area.(2013四川,10)A.being completed B.to be completedC.completed D.having been completed剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:将于明年竣工的机场将有助于推动该地区旅游业的发展。complete表示将要发生的动作且与所修饰词The airport之间为动宾关系,因此用动词不定式的被动式作定语。故选B项。3

3、.The room is empty except for a bookshelf in one corner.(2013山东,25)A.standing B.to standC.stands D.stood剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:除了一个立在墙角的书柜以外,房间里一无所有。except for是介词短语,其后不能接句子,所以排除C、D两项;a bookshelf与动词stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,且动作正在进行,故用动词-ing形式作定语,故选A。【技巧点拨】 非谓语动词作定语时,不定式作定语通常指将来的动作;现在分词作定语表示正在进行的动作而过去分词作定语则表示已经完成的动作。4

4、.The witnesses by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight.(2013陕西,14)A.questioned B.being questionedC.to be questioned D.having questioned剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:刚才警察询问的目击者对这次打架给出了完全不同的描述。由于the witnesses和question是逻辑上的动宾关系,同时在句中有表示过去的时间状语just now,故要用动词的-ed形式作后置定语表示被动和完成。故答案选A。B项表示“正在

5、被询问”;C项表示“将要被询问”,均不符合题意。5.In some languages,100 words make up half of all words in daily conversations.(2013天津,10)A.using B.to useC.having used D.used剖析:D考查非谓语动词。句意:在一些语言中,100个词构成了日常对话使用的所有词汇的一半。分析句子成分可知,use和words之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词used,选D项。6.Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,

6、there was a pile of mail for her.(2013辽宁,28)A.waited B.to waitC.waiting D.was waiting剖析:C本题考查非谓语动词。句意:当她到家时,有一大堆的邮件等她处理。there was已经是谓语,wait只能是非谓语,排除D。mail与wait是主动关系,A不合适。如果用B其逻辑主谓不合适,故选C。7.After completing and signing it,please return the form to us in the envelope .(2012山东,35) A.providing B.provide

7、dC.having provided D.provide剖析:B句意:填完表格,签上名字后,请用所提供的信封把表格寄回给我们。provide提供,与所修饰的词envelope之间为动宾关系,故用过去分词作定语。8.John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter him it.(2012江西,35)A.offered B.offeringC.to offer D.to be offered剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:约翰真的得到了那份工作,因为他给我看了提供他工作的官方信件。offer后不缺宾语且lett

8、er与offer之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故排除A、D两项;不定式表未发生的动作。故B项正确。【技巧点拨】 选择非谓语动词作后置定语时,要先判断被修饰词与动词之间的关系;如果是逻辑上的主谓关系,则用现在分词作定语;如果是逻辑上的动宾关系,则用过去分词作定语。9.Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision at the meeting will influence the future of our company.(2012重庆,28)A.to be made B.being madeC.made D.having been made剖析

9、:A句意:半小时后我们要召开会议。会上作出的决定将会影响公司的未来。此处是非谓语动词作定语。不定式作定语表将来,现在分词作定语表正在进行,过去分词作定语表被动和完成。由句意可知A项正确。10.“Its such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table for customers.(2012浙江,11) A.to be reserved B.having reservedC.reserving D.reserved剖析:D考查非谓语动词。“真是个好地方”,母亲边说边坐在为客人预留的桌旁。reserve for“为预留”,table与r

10、eserve之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,故此处用过去分词作后置定语。所以选D。11.The next thing he saw was smoke from behind the house.(2011新课标全国,27)A.rose B.risingC.to rise D.risen剖析:B考查分词短语作定语的用法。句意:他看到的下一件事就是从房后正在升起的烟。rise和被修饰的词smoke之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,所以选择表示“主动,进行”的现在分词rising。rose是谓语动词的过去式,不符合句子结构;to rise,不定式表示将要发生;risen,过去分词表示完成,均不符合句意。12.Re

11、cently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.(2011江苏,31)A.compared B.comparingC.compares D.being compared剖析:Bsurvey与compare之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式,在名词后作后置定语。【技巧点拨】 非谓语动词的选择关键注意以下几点:(一)主谓、动宾关系;(二)时间先后;(三)句子成分。如:本句的主干为a survey has cause

12、d debate,选项在句中作定语且后带宾语,因此用动词-ing形式。13.I have a lot of readings before the end of this term.(2010山东,23)A.completing B.to completeC.completed D.being completed剖析:B动词不定式作定语时,如果不定式所在的句子中出现了其逻辑主语,用动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义。该句中to complete的逻辑主语为句子的主语I,因此用主动式表被动含义,修饰readings。【技巧点拨】 have的用法主要有两种:一是表示“有”,这时后面要用不定式作定语,但

13、要注意根据句意来确定不定式用主动形式还是被动形式。如:I have a lot of things to do.我有很多事要做。(I为do的逻辑主语)Manager,do you have any letters to be typed?经理,你有信件需要打出来吗?(type的逻辑主语不是句子的主语you,而是问话人,因此不能用不定式的主动式)二是“使役”用法,意为“让,叫,使”,可用非谓语动词的三种形式作宾补,具体用法有:have sb. do让某人做,have sb./sth. doing让某人/某物一直做,have sth. done让某事被做。如:I have had Tom oper

14、ate the machine.我已让汤姆操作机器了。They had the fire burning all night to keep warm.他们让火燃烧了一夜来取暖。I will have my hair cut this afternoon.我今天下午要去理发。14.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.(2010浙江,20) A.being weighed B.to weighC.weigh

15、ed D.weighing剖析:D句意:交通法则规定:四岁以下并且体重不足40磅的儿童必须坐在儿童安全座上。此处weigh为不及物动词,意思是:重。young children和weigh之间为主谓关系,故用现在分词weighing作定语,相当于定语从句who weigh。考点二 非谓语动词作状语1.The sunlight is white and blinding, hard-edged shadows on the ground.(2013新课标全国,35)A.being thrown B.throwingC.to throw D.to be thrown剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:阳

16、光明亮耀眼,在地上投下轮廓鲜明的影子。throw与其逻辑主语The sunlight之间为主谓关系,故应用throwing,表示伴随状况。2.I got to the office earlier that day, the 7:30 train from Paddington.(2013新课标全国,5)A.caught B.to have caughtC.to catch D.having caught剖析:D考查非谓语动词。句意:赶上了从Paddington的7:30火车,我那天很早就到了办公室。catch这一动作发生在got to the office之前且与主语I之间为逻辑上的主谓关系

17、,因此用动词-ing形式的完成时。3. which university to attend,the girl asked her teacher for advice.(2013四川,8)A.Not knowing B.Knowing notC.Not known D.Known not剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:不知道上哪所大学,那个女孩向老师征求意见。动词know与其逻辑主语the girl为主谓关系,因此用动词-ing形式作状语,表示原因,其否定式是not knowing,故选A项。4.I stopped the car a short break as I was feeling

18、tired.(2013山东,29)A.take B.takingC.to take D.taken剖析:C考查非谓语动词。句意:我停下车稍微休息一会儿,因为我感觉有点累。分析句子结构可知,停下车是为了休息,所以应用不定式作目的状语。5. at the cafeteria before,Tina didnt want to eat there again.(2013山东,33)A.Having eaten B.To eatC.Eat D.Eating剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:之前在那个餐厅吃过饭,Tina不想再在那里吃了。分析句子结构和句意可知,Tina与eat之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,并且e

19、at这一动作发生在谓语“didnt want to eat”所表示的动作之前,所以用动词-ing形式的完成式。6. in the early 20th century,the school keeps on inspiring childrens love of art.(2013安徽,32)A.To found B.FoundingC.Founded D.Having founded剖析:C考查非谓语动词。句意:这所学校创建于20世纪早期,它不断激励着孩子们对于艺术的热爱。found与the school之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式表被动。故选C。7.When I was lit

20、tle,my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fell asleep.(2013重庆,30)A.having told B.tellingC.told D.to tell剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:我小时候,妈妈经常坐在我的床边,给我讲故事,直到我睡着。分析句子结构可知,my mother与tell之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词的-ing形式作伴随状语,表示动作正在进行。A项表示动作已经发生;C项表示过去的动作;D项表示动作尚未发生,均不符合句意。8. the course very difficult,she decided

21、 to move to a lower level.(2013北京,24)A.Find B.FindingC.To find D.Found剖析:B句意:发现这门课程很难,她决定转向一门难度低一些的课程。本句的主语为she,与find之间为主谓关系,要用现在分词短语作状语,故正确答案为B项。9.If to look after luggage for someone else,inform the police at once.(2013江西,34)A.asked B.to askC.asking D.having asked剖析:A考查非谓语动词。句意:如果有人要求为他照看行李,请马上报警。

22、根据语境可知,ask和逻辑主语之间是动宾关系,所以用ask的过去分词形式。该句是“If you are asked to look after luggage for someone else”的省略。故选A项。10.There are some health problems that,when in time,can become bigger ones later on.(2013浙江,19)A.not treated B.not being treatedC.not to be treated D.not having been treated剖析:A本题考查非谓语动词。题干的意思是:

23、“有一些健康问题,如果没得到及时的治疗,在以后会变成更为严重的问题。”观察4个选项可知此处考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,其逻辑主语应该是problems。从时间来说既不强调进行,又不强调将来,也不强调过去,故应选A。【技巧点拨】 做非谓语动词类试题的方法:首先确定其逻辑主语,再确定与逻辑主语的关系是主动还是被动,再确定与主要动词的时间关系。最后确定具体的形式。一般来说:to do表主动表将来;doing表主动表同时;done表被动表完成。11.Lionel Messi, the record for the most goals in a calendar year,is considered

24、 the most talented football player in Europe.(2013江苏,24)A.set B.settingC.to set D.having set剖析:D本题考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, the record for the most goals in a calendar year在句中作状语,逻辑主语Lionel Messi与set构成主动关系,故先排除A;再分析其发生的时间可知,“创纪录”在先,“被认为是最有才华的球员”在后,故应用动词现在分词的完成式having set。12.Film has a much shorter history,e

25、specially when such art forms as music and painting.(2012新课标全国,32)A.having compared to B.comparing toC.compare to D.compared to剖析:D考查非谓语动词作状语。compare的逻辑主语是film,film与compare之间是被动关系,故选D。when后面省略了it is。【技巧点拨】 非谓语动词作状语主要看主语和动词之间的关系,若是主动关系就用doing(表主动、正在进行),to do(作目的状语、结果状语等),having done(表该动词发生在谓语动词之前);若是

26、被动关系就用being done(表正在进行的被动动作),done(表被动,完成)。13.George returned after the war,only that his wife had left him.(2012山东,26)A.to be told B.tellingC.being told D.told剖析:A句意:乔治战后归来,结果被告知他的妻子已经离开了他。to be told在句中作状语,表示一种意料之外的结果,且tell与句子主语之间为动宾关系。故选A项。【技巧点拨】 现在分词和to do不定式都可以作结果状语,但现在分词作结果状语时,表示一种必然的、意料之中的结果,而t

27、o do不定式作结果状语时,表示一种意料之外的结果。考生在做题时,应认真审题以作出正确的判断。14.Pressed from his parents,and that he has wasted too much time,the boy is determined to stop playing video games.(2012福建,34)A.realizing B.realizedC.to realize D.being realized剖析:A考查非谓语动词作状语。非谓语动词作状语时,首先应判断与句子主语(the boy)的主被动关系,realize是the boy发出的,故应为主动,

28、排除B、D;“realize”在句中和谓语动词“is determined to.”应该是同时发生,故应选A。15.with care,one tin will last for six weeks.(2012北京,27)A.Use B.UsingC.Used D.To use剖析:C考查非谓语动词。因主语one tin与动词use是动宾关系,此时用过去分词作状语。句意:一个罐子如果仔细使用的话,可以用6周。16.in a long queue,we waited for the store to open to buy a New iPad.(2012陕西,15)A.Standing B.T

29、o standC.Stood D.Stand剖析:A考查非谓语动词作状语。we和stand之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式。17.Tom took a taxi to the airport,only his plane high up in the sky.(2012四川,6)A.finding B.to findC.being found D.to have found剖析:B考查非谓语动词。句意:汤姆乘坐出租车到了机场,结果却发现他要乘坐的飞机已在高高的天上。only + to do.强调意料之外的结果。18.to work overtime that evening,I m

30、issed a wonderful film.(2012重庆,23)A.Having been asked B.To askC.Having asked D.To be asked剖析:A考查非谓语动词的用法。句意:那天晚上被要求加班,我错过了一场精彩的电影。I与ask是逻辑上的动宾关系,故排除B、C两项;由句意可知,“被要求加班”发生在“错过”之前,故A项正确。【技巧点拨】 当非谓语动词作状语时,首先要判断非谓语动词表示的动作与主语的关系,即是主谓关系还是动宾关系,然后再判断非谓语动词表示的动作与句子谓语表示的动作的先后关系,从而确定正确答案。19. into English,the sen

31、tence was found to have an entirely different word order.(2011天津,12) A.Translating B.TranslatedC.To translate D.Having translated剖析:B动词translate和其逻辑主语the sentence是动宾关系,故应用过去分词;而translating表示和主语的关系是逻辑上的主谓关系,to translate表示将来的主动关系;having translated表示主动并先于谓语动词完成的关系。20.If they win the final tonight,the team are going to tour around the city by their enthusiastic supporters.(2011浙江,19)A.being cheered B.be cheeredC.to be cheered D.were ch