高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案.docx

1、高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目附答案2020-2021高考英语 阅读理解训练经典题目(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Babies born in summer are more likely to become short-sighted in late life, a study has shown. As many as a quarter of all cases of short-sightedness are caused by too great an exposure to sunlight in the first weeks of life, say eye exp

2、erts. They are advising all parents to put sunglasses on their babies during the first weeks. Scientists had already established that over-exposure to sunlight caused shortsightedness in animals. Researchers who compared the months in which babies were born with whether they needed glasses later on

3、say the principle also applies to humans. A study of almost 300, 000 young adults-the largest of its kind-showed that those born in June and July had a 25 per cent greater chance of becoming severely short-sighted than those born in December or January. Research leader Professor Michael Belkin, of T

4、el Aviv University, said it was because prolonged illumination(光照) causes the eyeball to lengthen-causing short-sightedness. Hence the more light a newborn is exposed to, the more the eyeball lengthens and the worse the short-sightedness will be. The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associat

5、ed with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays of the sun. In young babies not enough melatonin is released as protection, meaning they are more vulnerable to sunburn and changes to eyeball shape. Sight expert Professor Daniel OLeary, of Anglia Ruskin

6、University in Cambridge, said At the moment we dont know the precise cause of why light exposure affects sight, but the evidence seems to prove that it is one of the reasons for people becoming shortsighted.（1）Babies born in summer are more likely to be shortsighted _. A.because the summer sun is to

7、o strong for babiesB.because babies born in summer have lengthened eyeballsC.if they are exposed too much sunlight in the first weeks after they are born D if parents dont know a proper way to protect their babies eyes（2）Melatonin is a kind of material to _. A.prevent the eyes from becoming near-sig

8、htedB.protect the skin from harmful sun raysC.make our body strongD.protect babies eyes from summer sun（3）From what Professor Daniel OLeary says we can conclude that _. A.there is no evidence that shortsightedness is related to exposure to sunlightB.whether light exposure affects sight still needs t

9、o be further provedC.he believes that light exposure can cause shortsightednessD.he tries to give the cause of why light exposure affects sight（4）The underlined word vulnerable in the passage probably means _. A.easy to be harmedB.resistantC.protectiveD.changeable【答案】 （1）C（2）B（3）C（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说

10、明文，研究表明在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，眼科专家称多达四分之一的近视眼病例是由于在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段和第二段可知，眼科专家称：在夏季出生的婴儿长大后更容易成为近视眼，因为由于婴儿在出生后前几周里暴露阳光太久造成。故选C 。 （2）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against har

11、mful rays of the sun.“可知，褪黑激素是一种可以保护皮肤不受阳光紫外线伤害的色素。故选B。 （3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段可知，剑桥大学的视学专家Daniel OLeary教授相信暴露在阳光下会导致人们近视眼。故选C。 （4）考查词义猜测。在婴幼儿时期，没有产生足够的褪黑激素作为保护，婴幼儿更容易被阳光灼伤，并且改变眼球的形状。故选A。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 To ensure an excellent experi

12、ence during your tour of the Mark Twain House, here are some guidelines and general information:The House is Shown Only by Guided Tour. To ensure an optimum (最佳) experience, house tours are limited to 14 people, first-come, first-served. If your group has more than 10 people, call (860) 280-3130 to

13、reserve a discounted group tour in advance of your visit. If you have a party of fewer than 10 people feel free to purchase tickets online: We will hold them at Will Call. The tour schedule is usually online about a month in advance.Our site is made up of three buildings The Webster Bank Museum Cent

14、er at the Mark Twain House & Museum is always your first and last stop as it houses our ticket counter, museum store, film, exhibits and cafe. All tours gather in the museum center before heading over to Mark Twains historic 1874 home. Mark Twains historic carriage house is the third building on our

15、 property, but is generally not open to the public. The hayloft (干草棚) has been repurposed into offices and the main floor of the barn is a space available for rent for parties and meetings.Coupons & Discounts The Mark Twain House offers only a few coupons and discounts. The price you pay for admissi

16、on helps us maintain the beauty of this icon of American architecture. If you are lucky enough to find one of those special offers online or at your local library, keep in mind they are good only for the general Mark Twain House Tours. No passes or discounts may be applied to our specialty tours.（1）

17、What kind of tour booked beforehand enjoys a discount? A.Specialty tour.B.Guided tourC.Group tour with 9 people.D.Group tour with 13 people.（2）Which place is not available to tourists? A.The Webster Bank Museum Center.B.Mark Twains historic carriage house.C.The hayloft.D.Mark Twains historic 1874 ho

18、me.（3）What is the purpose of charging admission fees? A.To earn more money.B.To well preserve the house.C.To support Mark Twains family.D.To offer parties and meetings.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了参观马克吐温故居的指南和信息。 （1）考查推理判断。根据The House is Shown Only by Guided Tour.部分中 的If your group has more

19、 than 10 people, call (860) 280-3130 to reserve a discounted group tour in advance of your visit.可知，如果您的团体人数超过10人，请在您参观之前致电（860）280-3130预订折扣的团体游，可知，13人旅行团提前预定可以享受折扣，故选D。 （2）考查细节理解。根据Our site is made up of three buildings部分中的Mark Twains historic carriage house is the third building on our property, b

20、ut is generally not open to the public.可知，马克吐温的马车屋是不对游客开放的，故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据Coupons & Discounts部分中的The price you pay for admission helps us maintain the beauty of this icon of American architecture.可知，你们的入场费用帮助我们保持这个美国标志性建筑马克吐温故居的美丽，可知，收取入场费的目的是保护好马克吐温故居，故选B。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要

21、准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 My father loves his garden. He planted some seeds in it. But at that time I didnt understand why working in the dirt excited him so much. Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while. My mother had

22、 several business trips so she couldnt take care of the garden. I didnt want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered. I assumed that the little plants would continue to grow as long as they had water, and luckily it rained fairly often so I didnt think m

23、uch about the garden. One Saturday morning, my father said to me, Christine, the vegetables should be about ready to be picked. Lets have a salad today! I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs. There were hundreds of bugs

24、all over them! I panicked for a moment, but then I quietly went to the nearest store to buy some vegetables. When I gave the salad to him, he said, Oh, Christine, what a beautiful salad! I cant believe the carrots are this big already. You must be taking very good care of my garden. I felt a little

25、bit guilty. Coming home, my mother saw the bag from the supermarket in the kitchen. I was embarrassed and I admitted, Dad wanted a salad, but the garden was a disaster. I didnt want to disappoint him so I went to the store. She laughed but promised to help me in the garden and weeks later I was fina

26、lly able to pick some. I carefully made a salad and took it to my father. He looked at it with a hint of a smile. Christine the carrots are smaller in this salad, but they taste better. Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results

27、 more, however small they maybe. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for my fathers love of gardening.（1）Christine originally said she would do the gardening because she _. A.knew it was important to her fatherB.wanted to improve her gardening skillsC.was asked by her father to do itD.was interested

28、 in growing vegetables（2）Which of the following was a problem in the garden? A.Animals often dug in the garden.B.Insects destroyed the lettuce and carrots.C.The plants were given too much water.D.The vegetables were marked incorrectly.（3）Christine could secretly make the salad from store-bought vege

29、tables because _. A.her father couldnt see the gardens progressB.her father was in hospital at that timeC.her mother helped her to buy the vegetablesD.her mother helped her to make a spray（4）What did Christine learn through her experience of gardening? A.Always prepare for a rainy day.B.Dont be disa

30、ppointed by bugs.C.Hard work can be rewarding.D.Working alone produces results.【答案】 （1）A（2）B（3）A（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了帮养病的爸爸照顾花园的经历让Christine明白了努力工作是值得的。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的My father loves his garden.及第二段中的I didnt want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he reco

31、vered.可知，Christine的爸爸很喜欢花园，她不想让爸爸在养伤期间担心他的花园没人照顾，所以Christine说她会帮他照顾花园，也就是说Christine知道花园对爸爸很重要才说帮他照顾花园，故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs.可知，Christine去花园看到许多莴苣叶和胡萝卜被虫子吃掉了一半，由此可知，花园的一个问题是昆虫破坏了莴苣和胡萝卜，故选B。 （3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while.可知，Christine的爸爸在一次事故中受