九年级英语上册总复习34单元56单元湘教版知识精讲.docx

1、九年级英语上册总复习34单元56单元湘教版知识精讲九年级英语上册总复习：（34单元）；（56单元）湘教版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容： 总复习：九年级上册（34单元）；九年级下册（56单元）语法项目说明例句被动语态（1）语态概述英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（the active voice）和被动语态（the passive voice）。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。现在完成时态的被动语态：have / has been+及物动词过去分词情态动词的被动语态：can / may / much / should等情态动词+be+及物动词过去

2、分词。例如：Many people speak English.许多人讲英语。（谓语speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的，属主动语态。）English is spoken by many people.讲英语的人很多。（主语English是动词speak的承受者，属被动语态。）（2）被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。一般现在时态的被动语态：am / is / are+及物动词过去分词一般过去时态的被动语态：was / were +及物动词过去分词现在进行时态的被动语态：am

3、/ is / are +being+及物动词的过去分词一般将来时态的被动语态：will / shall + be+及物动词的过去分词；am / is / are going to +be+及物动词的过去分词现在完成时态的被动语态：have / has been +及物动词过去分词含情态动词的被动语态：can / may / must / should等情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词The classroom is cleaned every day.每天打扫教室。Two thieves were caught last night.昨晚抓到了两个小贼。A new teaching buil

4、ding is being built in our school.我们学校正在兴建一栋新的教学楼。The 2008 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing.北京将举办2008年奥运会。Our homework has been finished already.我们已经完成了家庭作业。Water can be changed into ice.水能变成冰。语法项目说明例句被动语态（3）被动语态的用法当我们不知道或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。The lights are usually turned on at 7:30.通常是在7：30开灯。（不知道

5、是谁开的）Such books are written for children.这类书是为儿童编写的。（没有必要说明作者是谁） 需要强调动作的承受者时。This kind of bicycle is made in that factory.这种自行车是那个厂生产的。Table tennis is played all over China.全中国人都打乒乓球。 （4）主动语态变被动语态的方法：主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语；主动结构的谓语动词变为被动语态（be+过去分词）；主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，如果动作的执行者不需要强调或说明，by短语则可省去。We like this pi

6、cture.This picture is liked by us.我们喜欢这幅画。The nurse takes good care of these babies.These babies are taken good care of by the nurse.这个护士把婴儿照顾的很好。We often use a recorder in our English class.A recorder is often used（by us）in our English class.我们经常在英语课上使用录音机。 含直接宾语的间接宾语的主动语态变为被动语态时，一般将主动句中的表示人的间接宾语变为

7、被动句的主语，直接宾语作保留宾语；也可以将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语作保留宾语，但这时保留宾语前多加介词to或for。My mother tells me a story every day.I am told a story by my mother every day. /A story is told to me by my mother every day.我妈妈每天给我讲一个故事。Her granny often buys her some cakes.She is often bought some cakes by her granny. / Some cakes are oft

8、en bought for her by her granny.她奶奶经常买饼干给她吃。 感官动词（see, hear, watch, find, feel）等，使役动词（have, let, make等）在被动语态中，动词前面一定要加to，即to不能省略。The boss made the worker work 18 hours a day.The worker was made （by the boss）to work 18 hours a day.老板逼迫工人每天工作18小时。I see my father go to work early every day.My father is

9、 seen to go to work early every day.我看见我爸每天清晨就去上班了。语法项目说明例句定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句，它的作用相当于形容词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that和关系副词when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词既连接定语从句和它的先行词，同时又充当定语从句中的一个成分。关系代词可作主语、宾语和定语，关系副词可作状语。 1. 关系代词（1）who指人，在定语从句中作主语。注意：关

10、系代词在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。This is the bike which I want to buy.这就是我想要买的自行车。He is a man that you can safely depend on.他是一个你尽管放心信赖的人。We will never forget the days when we worked together on the farm.我们永远也不会忘记我们一起在农场干活的那些日子。The woman who lives next to me is a policewoman.住在我隔壁的那个人是一位女警察。Girls who

11、 work in restaurants are called waitresses.在饭馆里工作的女孩被称为女服务员。The man who is talking to our teacher is Mikes father.和我们老师谈话的那个人是迈克的父亲。This is the reason why he didnt come here.这就是他为什么没有来这里的原因。The girl whose mother is an English teacher does well in English.她妈妈是英语老师的那个女孩英语学得很好。Is there anything that I

12、can do for you?我能帮您做点什么？（2）whom指人（在口语中可用who代替），在定语从句中作宾语。注意：当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，关系代词可省略。This is the girl whom / who you want to see.这就是你想见的那个女孩。Do you know the woman （whom）we met at the gate?你认识我们在大门口遇见的那个妇女吗？The man（whom）you helped is my neighbour.你帮助过的那个人是我的邻居。 （3）whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。This is the boy who

13、se bag was lost yesterday.这就是昨天丢了书包的那个男孩。This is Mr Wang, whose wife works in a big hospital.这是王先生，他的妻子在一家大医院工作。What is the name of the boy whose brother is a doctor?他哥哥是医生的那个男孩叫什么？语法项目说明例句定语从句 （4）which指物，在定语从句中作主语和宾语。（作宾语时，可省略）China is a country which has a long history.中国是一个历史悠久的国家。（作主语）This is th

14、e book（which）I bought yesterday.这就是我昨天买的那本书。（作宾语）A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.词典是解释词的意义的书。（作主语） （5）that指物或人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。You must do everything that I do.你必须做我所做的所有事情。Who is the person that is working at a computer over there?在那边计算机上工作的那个人是谁？（作主语，指人）Is she the girl that se

15、lls flowers？她是卖花的那个女孩吗？Where is the dictionary that（which）I bought last week?我上个星期买的那本字典在哪儿吗？（作宾语，指物，可省略） 2. 关系副词 （1）when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。He came last night when I was out.他昨晚来时我出去了。I will never forget the day when I joined the League.我永远忘不了我入团的那一天。We will put off the picnic until next week, when the w

16、eather may be better.我们打算把野餐推迟到下周，那时天气可能转好。 （2）where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。This is the place where my father once worked.这就是我父亲曾工作过的地方。He has reached the point where a change is needed.他已到了需要改弦易辙的地步。 （3）why指原因，在定语从句中作状语。I dont know the reason why they didnt come to school.我不知道他们为什么没有来上学。 3. 只用that，不用which或wh

17、o的情况： （1）当先行词是指物的不定代词all, little, few, much, none, anything, nothing, everything等时。All that glitters is not gold.闪光的东西不都是金子。That is no news; its something that everyone knew long ago.这不是什么新闻；这是大家早就知道的事了。语法项目说明例句定语从句 （2）先行词被最高级、序数词以及any, very, only, all, no, just等所修饰时。It was the largest ship that I e

18、ver saw.这是我看过的最大的船。This is the first play that I have seen since I came here.这是我来到这里以后所看的第一出戏。 （3）先行词由指人、物的两个并列的名词构成时。They talked about the men and the things that they saw.他们谈到了所见的人和事。 （4）当主句是以which或who开头的特殊疑问句时。Who is the woman that shook hands with you just now?刚才与你握手的那位妇女是谁？ （5）表示固有的特点。There is

19、a house that has bag windows.有一栋房子有凸出的窗户。 4. 在下列情况中则多用which: （1）离先行词较远时常用which。Larry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book.拉里把我在书本开头叙述过的那个关于一个青年飞行员的故事讲给她听。 （2）“those+复数名词”之后多用which。A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.商店应存有最畅销的货物。

20、（3）which比较正式、在非正式英语中也可用that。I have that thing which you gave me.我有你给我的那个东西。 （4）描述性定语从句一般皆用which。Beijing, which was Chinas capital for more than 800-year history, is rich in cultural and historic relics.北京，这座拥有八百多年历史的中国首都，有着丰富的历史文化遗产。 （5）介词之后须用which。This is the one of which Im speaking.这就是我所讲的一个。【模拟试

21、题】（答题时间：80分钟）Unit 4 重点考点自测题I. 单项选择题。（40分） 1. You _. You should think more of others. A. are no longer a child B. are not any long a child C. no longer are child D. are a no longer child 2. This letter _ in English. A. is written B. writes C. is writing D. has written 3. I want to _ an English club.

22、A. in B. join C. take part in D. attend 4. Lin Tao _ basketball _ football. A. likes; to B. like; better C. prefers; to D. prefer; better 5. We _live on the moon in the future. A. will can B. could C. will be able to D. prefer 6. English is used _ a foreign language in China. A. for B. in C. as D. b

23、y 7. Youd better do it _ your mother did. A. as B. like C. when D. because 8. I hope you _ to the moon soon. A. to fly B. flying C. fly D. can fly 9. Trees _ in winter but in spring. A. can not plant B. can be not planted C. can not be planted D. can plant 10. In our country, woman and children _ we

24、ll. A. are taken care B. are taken care of C. are looked of D. are taken forII. 单词填空。（20分） 根据提示或句子含义填写单词。 11. The government plans to _（创造）more jobs for young people. 12. Man has appeared on earth for _（几百万年）years. 13. Dont _（跟着）me. 14. His parents are _（骄傲的）of him. 15. He _（预订）a ticket to Beijing.

25、16. Some spaceships have gone_（在之外）the solar system. 17. Id like to be an _（宇航员）when I grow up. 18. There is a _（精彩的）party next Friday evening. 19. Its known as a great _（发明）all over the world. 20. I didnt _（相信）what he said.III. 短文改错。（10分）Mr Hu has a son call Da Bao. 21. _He has graduated from Hunan

26、 Teachers University. 22. _He is teach English in No. 1 Middle School. 23. _He lived near his school, so he goes to 24. _work on feets every day. He works so hard 25. _that his students like him very much.IV. 句子翻译。（30分） 26. 我们轮流照顾那位生病的老人。 We _ _ to look after the sick old man. 27. 如果努力，每个人都会取得进步。 Ev

27、eryone can _ _ if he works hard. 28. 我盼望着见到你。 Im _ _ _seeing you. 29. 我希望我梦想成真。 I hope our dream will _ _. 30. 这本书很有趣，值得一读。 This book is very interesting, it is _ _. 31. 当她听到这个消息时，她忍不住哭了。 When she heard the news, she couldnt _ _. 32. 毫无疑问，计算机是非常有用的。 There is _ _ that the computer is very useful. 33.

28、 阅读完以后，点击“关闭”。 After you finish reading it, _ _ “close”. 34. 已经很晚了，你不能再待在这里了。 Its very late, you cant stay here _ _. 35. 更糟糕的是，它对我们的健康有坏处。 _ _, its harmful to our health. 36. 为了赶上早班车，他很早就起了床。 He got up very early _ _ _ catch the early bus. 37. 当你离开教室时，你应该关好灯。 When you leave the classroom, you must _ _ the lights. 38. 这种手表是上海制造的。 This kind of watch is _ _ Shanghai. 39. 我们对他的考试成绩感到惊讶。 We are _ _ his result in the exam. 40. 我花了100元钱买了这件衣服。 I _ 100 yuan _ this coat.Unit 5 自我检测I. 单项选择。（40分） 1. Russia lies _ th