1、新标准大学英语综合教程4课后答案综合教程4课后答案Handouts and Key to book4 unit 1-4Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaBackground informationAbout the passage: This is an article by an Education Correspondent, Alexandra Blair, published in September 2008 in The Times, a long-e
2、stablished British quality newspaper. In Europe generally, and inBritain in particular, for a number of years there has been a r i s i ng nu mber of stude nts who go to uni vers ity and therefore more new graduates seeking employment. However, for many graduates finding a job became harder in 2008 -
3、 2009 because the economic downturn - then a rcccssion - meant that many employers werereducing their workforce. After their final exams, some students rested in the summer before looking for jobsand then they found that it was difficult to find employment in their field or at the level they wanted.
4、Thearticle addresses the problems of such new graduates who might be stuck at home and advises their parents to be there for their children (ie to be available if their children want to talk about the problem or if they need help). The article recommends finding work in a bar or supermarket rather t
5、han sitting unemployed at home since this is more 1ikely to lead to better employment later. The style is partly of a report, but alsoof a humorous comment for light entertainment (scon in the jokey lemguage and problem-solving advice to parents).Why finding a job in 2008 is so difficuIt for univers
6、ity graduates?Universities in Europe, particularly in Britain, have expanded greatly in the last fifteen years (over 45% ofyoung adults now go on to higher education), so there are more graduates looking for jobs. This competitive situation became a lot worse in 2008 onwards with thecredit crunch an
7、d economic depression, which meant that there were fewer jobs available and a rise in unemployment. Thus new graduates have to be active to seek a job, they need to f订1 in many application forms and try to get job interviews: they won t find employment by lying on the sofa at home.Culture points:Tra
8、ditionally, in the Britisha pass degree. Most people get a second. There are also ordinary degrees with more general courses of study without these categories.it: The main idea here is that thereis a succession of different generations orcohorts of adults who come into the workforce in NorthAmerica
9、which are given different informal namesto characterize them. First, uBaby boomers were born in the grea t in crease (the boom) of births after WorldWar TT (1946 - I960), fol lowed by Generation X” people (born 1960 - 1980) who were said to bring new attitudes of being independent, informal, entrepr
10、eneurial, and expected to get skills and have a career before them. GenerationY” or the uMi11enial Generationv (born 1980s and 1990s and becoming adult in the new millenium) are now making up an increasing percentage of the workforce; they are said to be spoilt by dotingparents, to have structured l
11、ives, to be used to into) Generation Grunt, which is an ironic name referring to repetitive, low status, routine or mindless work - this may be the only work available to some graduates, who may have to take very ordinary jobs toget experience before they find something moresuitable. “Grunt” also re
12、fers to coarse behaviour or bad manners and to the deep sound that is made by a pig; when people Ugrunt” they express disgust but do not communicate with words - this may be how the parents of new graduates think their children communicate with them!A comprehensive refers to a British type of second
13、ary school which became popular in thel960s. Before that there were academic grammar schools and more general secondary modern” schools for those who did not pass the grammar school entrance tests, but the comprehensive schools were designed for all students ina social philosophy of bringing diverse
14、 students together whether they were academic or not Those studentswho went to a comprehensive school probably felt that had to study particularly hard (I worked my backside off) to get to uni vers ity, compared to those who went to grammar schools where al 1 students were academic -comprehensive st
15、udents felt they had to struggle to get to university.suit This refers to a large yellow costume that someone wears which makes the person look like a giant chicken. Before he became a famous actor, Brad Pitt once dressed in such a costume when he had a job advertising for a restaurant called El Pol
16、io Loco (The Crazy Chicken in Spanish) - the job meant that he hadto walk around the streets like a chicken to Qttract customers to come to the restauranl.Language points1Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds a year so that he could eat well and go to theodd party,began to fade. Until no
17、w (Para 1)The parents paid a lot of money for their son suni versi ty fees and 1 i ving expenses (so that he could eatwell) and for occasional social events - at graduation these memories of money were mostly forgotten because the parents were proud. But now the parents arc thinking of money again b
18、ecause the son doest have a job and doesn t seem to be actively seeking one.2This former scion of Generation Y has morphed overnight into a member of Generation Grunt(Para 2)The distinguished son of Generation X (of the parents generati on who worked hard, got jobs, and had good careers and expected
19、 their son to do the same) has changed into a member of Generation Grunt - he doesn t seem to communicate much, lies around and docsn t get a job (or can only do a low status routing job).3I passed the exams, but at the interviews they accused me of being too detached5 and talking inlanguage that wa
20、s 6too technocratic, which I didnt think possible, but obviously it is. (Para 5)He passed the entranee exams for a government post, but he was cri ticized in the selection interviews:They said he was detached (not personally involved) and too technocratic (he used the language of a technical expert
21、or high authority). As a new graduate he probably wanted to show his expertisc in his 1anguage so he can t understand this cri tic ism.4For the rest it is 9-to-5 “chilling” before heading to the pub. (Para 6)The others who do not have a routine low status job (like stacking goods on a supermarket sh
22、elf) chill out all day (they spend their time casually relaxing - they don t look for work) and go to pub for a drink in the eve ni ng.5I went to a comprehensive and I worked my backside off to go to a good university (Para 6)He went to a school for students of all abilitics (not to a special school
23、 for academic students) and so he had to work very hard to enter a good university: Your backside means your bottom - the part of your body that you sit on to wkyour backside of ls informal and it means you work very hard indeed.6but having worked full-time since leaving school herself, 沖旳呼nd f advi
24、se him on how to proceed. (Para 7)The mother has always had a full-time job (presumably the father is also working full-time), so she does not have relevant personal experiencc. For her, it is tricky to give advice (difficult to do).7Carry on life as normal and don,t allow them to abuse your bank ac
25、count or sap your reserve ofemotional energy. (Para 11)The advice from Gael Lindenfield here is that parents should live as usual. They should neither let theirchildren spend the parents,money imnecessarily, nor let the problem take away all their energy and emotions. Sap their reserve means use up
26、their store of emotional energy.8After that the son or daughter needs to be nudged firmly back into the saddle. (Para 12)Then the parenls should gently push their children firmly so that they get back into control of their lives.Reading and undcrstanding2Choose the best answer to the questions.Teach
27、ing tips X7 / | C IT-! C ITTlGo over the correct answers with Ss and ask them to explain why the other answers are wrong (See below) 1Why hasn, t Jack Goodwin got a job yet?(a)He doesn, t have a very good degree.(No, he has a 2:1 which is considered a good degree.)(b)He refuses to apply for jobs wit
28、h low salaries(He feels he should get a better job after studying at university.)(c)It isn t easy to get a job in the current financial climate.(This may be true but the passage does not mention this.)(d)He prefers to stay at home and help his family.(No, he docst seem to be helping his family: he w
29、atches TV and talks to friends.)2How does he spend a typical day?(a)Doing a temporary job.(No, some of his friends are working in temporary jobs but he docsn,t want to do this.)(b)Watching television.(He watches lot.)(c)Queuing up in the university careers service.(No, he went there once but he didn
30、 t want to queue so he walked away.)(d)Prcparing for the next job interview.(No, he does n,t seem to be prepar ing for in terviews.)3How do most of his friends spend the day?(a)They do nothing all day and go to the pub in the evening.(All except one of them do nothing except chill, then they go to t
31、he pub.)(b)They do outdoor activities such as sailing.(No, none of them seem to do outdoor activities; there is no mention of sailing.)(c)They are forced to work by their parents.(No, only one of them has been forced out to stack shelves by his parents; the others seem to bo like Jack.)(d)They do pa
32、rt-time jobs such as working in a bar. (No, the text mentions bar work but none of Jack s friends seem to do this work.)4How are Jack s parents helping him?(a)By looking for jobs for him.(No, Jack has tried to get a job himse1;there s nothing here about his parents helping him look for a job.)(b)By paying for a trip to South America.(No, although he is going on a three-weck trip to SouthAmerica, the passage does not say thatJack s parents have paid for this.)
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