行星及月球英文版_精品文档.ppt

1、Planets and Moons,Overview,This online lessons consists of the chaptersThe Solar SystemThe PlanetsMoonsPlanets of other starsMore information:Links,The Solar System,What is the Solar System?In the Universe,the Solar System is our homeland,and the Earth is our hometown.,The Solar System,The Solar Sys

2、tem consists ofthe sun in its centrenine planets,circling around the sunmoonsasteroidsand comets.,The Solar System,How did the Solar System evolve?Scientists are quite sure,that in the beginning of our Solar System there was a huge disc of dirt,rocks,gas,ice etc.In the middle of this disc,the Sun fo

3、rmed itself and began to glow.In some distances from the centre,the planets emerged from these rings of dirt,rocks and gas.,The Solar System,How large is our Solar System?The orbit on which Pluto(the farthest planet)circles the sun,has an average diameter of 5.910.000.000 km(Plutos orbit is rather n

4、on-circular).The sun itself,the largest object in our Solar System has a diameter of 1.392.520 km.,The Solar System,How can I imagine these sizes and distances?Imagine the Solar System being a soccer ground(about 100 m long).The sun would be a glaring orange in the centre.Pluto would encircle the su

5、n at the edge of the soccer ground,having the size of a dust particle.The Earth would be 1,30m away from the“orange“,having the size of a sesame seed.,The Solar System,The Planets,Mercury is the planet that is closest to our Sun.Pluto is the farthest.Remember the order of the planets like this:My Ve

6、ry Educated Mother Just Showed Us Nine Planetswhich meansMercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptun Pluto,Mercury,What are Mercurys features?second smallest planetnearest to the sunone Mercury-year is a quarter Earth-yearMercury is very difficult to be spotted with the naked eyeMercury ha

7、s no moons,Venus,What are Venus features?it is a medium sized planet,2.5 times as large as Mercurysecond nearest to the sunVenus is very well visible to the naked eye,always close to the sun before sunrise or after sunsetVenus has no moons,Earth,What are Earths features?it is a medium sized planet,a

8、 bit larger than Venus(probably)the only planet with liquid water in our Solar Systemthe Earth has one moon(probably)the only planet with intelligent life in our Solar System,Mars,What are Mars features?it is a small sized planet,half as large as EarthMars is well visible to the naked eyeMars has tw

9、o moons:Phobos and DeimosMars has been visited by robotic vehicles:Pathfinder,Spirit and Opportunitythe question for(former)life on Mars is still unsolved,Jupiter,What are Jupiters features?it is the largest planet of the Solar System,more than 1.300 Earths could fit insideJupiter is well visible to

10、 the naked eyeThe Great Red Spot on its surface is a giant storm as wide as three EarthsJupiter has 63 moons!(the largest are Io,Callisto,Ganymede and Europa),Saturn,What are Saturns features?it is the second-largest planet of the Solar System,only a bit smaller than JupiterSaturn is well visible to

11、 the naked eyethe famous rings can be seen with small telescopesSaturn has at least 34 moons!(recently a probe landed on Jupiters moon Titan),Uranus,What are Uranus features?it is medium sized planet of the Solar Systemit is quite far away but still can be spotted with small telescopeslike Saturn,Ur

12、anus has a system of ringsSaturn has at least 27 moons,Neptune,What are Neptunes features?it is medium sized planet of the Solar System,only a little bit smaller than Uranusit is quite far away but still can be spotted with small telescopesNeptune has four rings and at least 13 moons,Pluto,What are

13、Plutos features?it is the smallest planet of our Solar SystemSince Pluto is far away and so small,you need a medium-sized professional telescope or a good amateur telescope to spot it.Noone knows what Pluto looks like its too far away and too small.The picture in the background is an artists renditi

14、on.Pluto has one moon:Charon,Moons,What are moons?Moons are like little planets that encircle the real planets.Usually,they are much smaller than planets.Planets can have no moons(like Mercury and Venus),one moon(like Earth)or up to a very large number of moons(e.g.63 for Jupiter).,Moons,Phobos and

15、DeimosPhobos and Deimos are Mars companions.Phobos means“fear“,Deimos means“panic“.Mars itself has been named for the Roman God of War.They are quite small(15km)and look rather like potatoes than like moons.,Moons,Io,Callisto,Ganymed and EuropaThese four moons are the biggest moons of Jupiter.They c

16、an be seen with small telescopes or even with binoculars.,Europa,Io,Planets of other stars,Are there more planets in the Universe(except for the ones in the Solar System)?Yes,there are other planets,so-called extra-solar planets.But it is very difficult to spot them,since they are far far away.,Planets of other stars,How can planets of other stars be spotted?There are two main ways that astronomers search for these planets:If you observe a star very accurately with special instruments,you may be