烘焙中常用的英语.docx

1、烘焙中常用的英语烘焙中常用的英语设备和工具冰箱refrigerator, ice box冰柜、冷冻柜freezer抽屉式冷柜locker打蛋机egg beater, beating machine电炉electric stove电磁炉electromagnetic oven发酵箱fermentation room滚圆机rounder和面机dough mixer搅拌器mixer绞肉机mincing machine, meat grinder烤炉oven转炉revolving oven风车转炉reel oven链条烤盘式平炉 traveling chain oven钢带式平炉 band oven螺

2、旋式烤炉 spiral oven托盘式炉 tray oven箱式烤炉 deck oven辊切成型机 rotary cutter挤条成型机 route press钢丝切割成型机 wire cutter挤浆成型机 depositor面团拌和机 pastry blender面包整形机 moulder奶油分离器 cream separator食品加工器 food processor食品切碎机 food chopper食品粉碎机 masher洗碗机 dish washer醒发室 prover榨汁机 juice extractor, squeezer油炸机 deep-fryer剥皮器 zester磅秤 s

3、cale保鲜纸 locker paper裱花转台 revolving cake stand焙烤用纸碟 baking cup布丁模 pudding mold叉子 fork秤 scale长柄平底煎锅 skillet长筷 chopsticks长形蛋糕模 loaf mold车轮刀 wheel cutter铲刀 palette-knife厨房多用剪 kitchen shears点心刀 dessert knife单把锅 pot蛋夹 egg slicer蛋糕滚花刀 pastry jagger蛋糕架 cake rack, cake cooler打蛋盆 mixing bowl打蛋器、抽子 egg whisk,

4、balloon whisk道纳斯专用印模 doughnut cutter分蛋器 egg separator擀面杖 rolling pin擀面板 breadboard, pasteboard瓜挖小勺 scoop糕点夹 pastry crimper糕点切刀 pastry cutter糕点叉 pastry fork过滤网 strainer滤布 cloth filter工作台 bench核桃夹 nut cracker黄油刀 butter knife 原料蛋及蛋制品(egg product)鸡蛋 egg蛋清 egg white蛋黄 egg yolk蛋黄粉 yolk powder蛋粉 egg powder

5、全蛋粉 dried egg干蛋粉 dehydrated eggs奶及奶制品(milk product)掼奶油 whipped cream酪乳 butter milk炼乳 condensed milk奶昔 curd奶粉 milk powder速溶奶粉 instant milk奶油 cream奶酪、乳酪 cheese牛奶 milk消毒牛奶 city milk, market milk浓缩奶油 thickened cream凝乳 rennet乳酪粉 grated cheese全脂牛奶 whole milk酸奶 yogurt酸奶酪 clabber酸性鲜奶油 sour cream脱脂牛奶 skim mi

6、lk脱水奶油 dehydrated butter稀奶油 market cream, single cream芝士 cottage cheese糖及糖制品糖及糖制品(sugar product)白砂糖 white granulated sugar绵白糖 soft sugar红糖、黄砂糖 brown sugar冰糖 crystal sugar蜂蜜 honey果糖 fructose风登糖、封糖 fondant方糖 cube sugar, brick sugar精制糖 refined sugar焦糖 caramel搅打糖霜 whipped frosting麦芽糖 maltose麦芽糖浆 malt sy

7、rup木糖 xylose葡萄糖 glucose葡萄糖浆 confectioners glucose山梨糖醇 sorbitol糖膏 fillmass糖浆 sugar syrup糖蜜 molasses糖霜 frosting糖粉 icing sugar, powdered sugar饴糖、麦芽糖 barley sugar玉米糖浆 corn syrup蔗糖 cane sugar转化糖 invert sugar食品添加剂食品添加剂(food additive)阿摩尼亚 baking ammoria二氧化氯 chlorine dioxide丙二醇脂肪酸酯 propylene ester of fatty

8、acids醋酸 acetic acid丙酸钙 calcium propionate丙酸钠 sodium propionate丙二醇脂肪酸酯 propylene glycol ester of fatty acid大豆磷脂 soybean phospholipids单甘油酯 monostearate, monoglyceride碳酸氢钠 sodium bicarbonate碳酸铵 ammonium carbonate碳酸氢铵 ammonium bicarbonate碳酸钙 calcium carbonate蛋白酶 protease胃蛋白酶 pepsin胰蛋白酶trypsin淀粉 starch淀粉

9、酶 amylase碘酸盐 iodate还原剂 reducing agent防腐剂 preservative快性发粉 fast acting powder过氧化丙酮 actetone peroxide酵母 yeast新鲜酵母 fresh yeast压榨酵母 compressed yeast干酵母 dried yeast干燥活酵母 active dry yeast即溶干酵母 instant active dry yeast酵母营养剂 yeast food吉士粉 custard powder发酵粉 baking powder, baking agent打粉,泡打粉 baking soda水果类水果类

10、(fruits)萝pineapple草莓strawberry橙子orange鳄梨avocado番木瓜carica番石榴guava柑桔citrus fruit橄榄olive黑加仑子black currant红加仑子red currant黑莓blackberry蓝莓blueberry荔枝lithchi , lychee梨pear柠檬lemon柠檬汁lemonade子plum青blue plum, blue gage芒果mango弥猴桃kiwi fruit木瓜papaya木菠萝jackfruit西番莲passion fruit西瓜watermelon西柚grapefruit蜜瓜honey dew m

11、elon苹果apple葡萄grape柿子persimmon, fig of japon水蜜桃honey peach桃peach香蕉banana杏，黄梅apricot桃carambola椰子coconut樱桃cherry酸樱桃sour cherry黑樱桃black cherry悬钩子、覆盆子raspberry蔓越橘、酸果蔓cranberry无花果fig桃carambola柚子balsam干果和果仁类干果和果仁类(dried fruits and nuts)核桃，胡桃walnut白胡桃butternut黑芝麻black sesame seed花生peanut栗子chestnut子干、脯prune美

12、洲山核桃pecan甜山核桃balsam hickory葡萄干raisin松子pine seeds, pine nut松仁pignolia杏仁almond向日葵仁sunflower seed腰果cashew榛子hazelnut, filbert油脂油脂(fat, grease)油oil菜子油rapeseed oil大豆油soybean oil橄榄油olive oil可可油cocoa tincture花生油peanut oil棉子油cottonseed oil米糠油rice bran oil向日葵油sunflower oil椰子油coconut oil玉米油corn oil芝麻油sesame oi

13、l棕榈油palm oil黄油、奶油butter人造黄油、麦淇淋margarine家用人造奶油table margarine牛羊油suet牛油beef tallow起酥油shortening氢化油hydrogenated fat色拉油salad oil猪油lard植物油vegetable oil脂肪fat谷物类谷物类(grains)大麦barley大麦粉barley flour, barley powder大豆粉breadsoy蛋糕粉cake flour黑麦rye麸皮bran面粉flour高筋面粉bread flour中筋面粉all purpose flour低筋面粉cake flour通用面粉

14、all-purpose flour, family flour全麸面粉all bran全麦粉whole wheat合成粉prepare flour mixes粗麸皮面粉dunst黑麦面粉rye flour营养面粉enriched flour面包粉bread flour麦片whole meal全麦粉whole meal flour麦芽shorts荞麦buckwheat小米millet小麦wheat白麦white wheat春小麦spring wheat冬小麦winter wheat硬质红春小麦hard red spring硬质红冬小麦hard red winter软质白冬小麦soft white

15、 winter软质红冬小麦soft red winter燕麦oat玉米maize玉米片grits常见品种(products)巴菲，冻糕 parfait咖啡巴菲 coffee parfait饼干 cookie布丁 pudding比萨 pizza比司吉 biscuit脆饼干 biscuit硬饼干 dog biscuit德比饼干 derby biscuit打饼干 soda cracker冰淇淋 ice cream泡泡松糕, 泡饼 popover泡夫条、爱克力(F.) clair薄脆饼 wafer巧克力薄脆饼、朱古力薄脆饼 chocolate wafer薄饼 griddle cake薄饼(美式) pa

16、ncake薄饼(印度式) chapaties脆饼(墨西哥式)tortilla脆面饼hippen paste脆糖饼brandy snap茶饼 tea bread粗饼干 sponge goods丹麦包 Danish pastry蛋卷冰淇淋 cone ice cream蛋奶冻 custard蛋奶酥、沙弗来、夫力(F.) souffl橙冻沙弗来 cold orange souffle蛋塔 egg tart蛋白杏仁饼 macaroon蛋白酥皮 meringue蛋白甜饼、巴芙洛娃蛋糕 pavlova蛋糕 cake清蛋糕 non-fat cakes裱花蛋糕 decorative cakes大块蛋糕 shee

17、t cake粉状蛋糕 pound cake海绵蛋糕 sponge cake黑森林蛋糕 black forest cake黄磅蛋糕 yellow pound cake婚礼蛋糕 wedding cake马德蕾蛋糕(贝壳蛋糕) shell cake马德拉蛋糕 maderia cake牛油蛋糕、奶油蛋糕 butter cake柠檬卷蛋糕 lemon roll栗子蛋糕 chestnut cake巧克力软糖蛋糕 truffle cake chocolate戚风蛋糕 chiffon cake瑞士蛋卷 swiss roll乳酪蛋糕 cheese cake生日蛋糕 birthday cake天使蛋糕 angel

18、 food cake叠层大蛋糕 double cake意大利乳酪蛋糕 tiramisu杏仁蛋糕 congress tart杏仁柠檬蛋糕 maid, maid of honour cake杏仁酥糖大蛋糕(F.) marzipan torte工艺操作与方法(product handle and methods)排列 arrange on裱花 force裱花、挤花 mounting patterns焙烤 baking抽打 whisk充气 aerating成型 shaping, moulding打鸡蛋 whip up an egg打奶油 beat up the cream发酵 ferment分割 di

19、vide放入 put into面粉油拌和法 blending method翻动 turning out翻转 turn over翻面、揿粉 punching辅料预混 premixing封边 sealing side擀面团 roll the dough擀平 roll out刮 scrape挂糖粉 coating, icing滚圆 rounding盖 cover裹 coat with, wrap with过筛 sifted过滤 filter混和 blend with烤 roast加入 add挤糊 squeezing batter静置 rest, bench搅拌成糊 mix into a paste搅

20、打 agitating搅和 whisk with搅动 stir解冻 thaw凝结 set冷却 chill冷冻 freeze磨碎 grind拧 twist漂白 bleaching切粒 chop切成片 cut into slices切半 halved揉面团 knead the dough撒 sprinkle撒粉、裹粉 dredge, dusting上色、着色 coloring上光亮剂 glaze溶化 melt溶解 dissolve乳化 emulsification刷油 brush over with butter状态描述(condition describe)暗淡的 pale焙烤时烤盘位置不当 i

21、mproper pan spacing长的 long呈羽毛状的 feathered潮湿 humid粗劣的 poor粗糙的 ragged弱的 weak淡而无味的 bland, tasteless, watery淡而无味的(F.) fade多泡的 bubbly多汁的 juicy芳香的 aroma坏的 bad快速的、短暂的 instant哈喇味的 tallowy(面团)发僵 sticking烘烤过度的 overbaked烤至微黄的(F.) blondir烤炉热度不足 insufficient oven heat烤炉热度太高 excessive heat烤炉闪热太多 excessive flash h

22、eat烤炉蒸汽不足 no enough steam烤炉热分布不均 improper heat distribution有光泽的 sheeny有条纹的 streak坚硬的 hard坚韧的 tough空洞 shell tops紧的、牢固的 tight苦味的 bitter冷的 cold美味的 delicious黏稠的 sticky轻软如绒毛的 fluffy柔软的 soft柔软而粘牙的 chewy松散的 loose水蒸汽压力过高 high pressure steam随意 optional酸的 acid酸味的、变酸的 sour湿的 wet生的 raw生粉心 flour streaks新鲜的 fresh

23、无污点、无瑕疪 blemish-free辛辣的 hot咸的 salty硬的 stiff硬皮的 crusty味淡的 mild粘连 kissing粘丝的、发粘的 ropy, ropiness走味 pall煮熟味的 cooked flavor反应与性能 (action and quality)保存性 keeping quality产气能力 raising power稠度 thickness淀粉老化 retrogradation发酵能力 fermentation standards发酵弹性 fermentation tolerance风味 flavor褐变 browning褐变反应 maillard

24、brown reaction糊精化作用 dextrinization糊化 gelatinization烘烤弹性 oven spring烘烤中的反应 baking reaction焦糖化反应 caramelization搅拌耐性 mixing tolerance抗老化作用 antistaling流动性 fluidity烤型流性 pan flow凝固点 freezing point美拉德反应 maillard reaction面团的发力 baking strength面团筋力 dough strength面团弹性 dough elasticity面团延伸性 dough extensibility面

25、团韧性 dough resistance面团可塑性 dough plasticity面筋网络 gluten matrix面包体积 loaf volume气体保持能力 gas retention起酥性 shortening function of fat融和性 aerating function of fat柔软性 softness熔点 melting point溶解度 solubility熟成 maturing熟化作用 ripening, maturating水化能力 hydration capacity伸展性 vitality酸败 rancidity相对密度 specific gravity

26、香味 aroma吸水量 water absorption硬度 hardness, consistency硬脆性 bucky液化 liquefying油脂的加工特性 working quality of fat状态弛缓 structural relaxation滋味 taste组织状态 texture其他相关词汇盎司 ounce表皮颜色 crust color布拉本德仪 brabender残留糖 residual sugar产品 product传导 conduction大量 mass大肠杆菌 colon bacillus滴面稠度 dropping consistency低热量食品 light f

27、ood对光检查(鸡蛋是否新鲜) candle二氧化碳 carbon dioxide发酵时间 proofing time发酵过度 over proofing辐射 radiation粉质仪、面团阻力仪 farinograph隔夜面团 all-night dough个/块(面包) loaf化学的 chemical货架期、保鲜期 shelf life混合物 mixture结构 structure卡 calorie黏性 viscosity冷藏 cold storage面糊 batter品脱 pint配方 formula气泡式延伸仪 alveograph清洁剂 detergent缺陷 fault少量 da

28、sh of上火、面火 surface temperature of shaped dough in oven下火、底火 bottom temperature of shaped dough in oven微火、低温 low baking temperature中火、中温 medium baking temperature旺火、高温 high baking temperature死面粉、发力小的面粉 dead flour生化的 biochemical食品保藏 food preservation室温 room temperature投料顺序 mixing procedure对流 convectio

29、n脱水冷冻 dehydro-freezing物理的 physical细菌 bacteria相对湿度 relative humidity相对温度 relative temperature洗面筋法 batter process性能 property延迟发酵 floor time一打 dozen一捏 pinch of重量 weight油、老化油 ageing oil走油、渗油 leaked oil out其他原料(others)白兰地brandy子白兰地(G .)Quetsch梨白兰地，梨蒸馏酒williams龙胆蒸馏酒(F.)Gentiane苹果白兰地，苹果蒸馏酒apple brandy杏子白兰地(F.)abricotine樱桃白兰地、樱桃蒸馏酒(G .)Kirsch果酱jam草莓酱strawberry jam光亮剂glaze红豆馅red bean-filling可可粉cocoa powder可可脂cocoa butter朗姆酒ru