自学考试英语写作.docx

1、自学考试英语写作第一部分：图表写作套句精选 1.the table shows the changes in the number ofover the period fromto 该表格描述了在年之年间数量的变化。2.the bar chart illustrates that 该柱状图展示了3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding 该图为我们提供了有关有趣数据。4.the diagram shows （that） 该图向我们展示了5.the pie graph depicts （that） 该圆形图揭示了6.this is a

2、 cure graph which describes the trend of这个曲线图描述了的趋势。7.the figures/statistics show （that）数据（字）表明8.the tree diagram reveals how该树型图向我们揭示了如何9.the data/statistics show （that）该数据（字）可以这样理解10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that这些数据资料令我们得出结论11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the

3、 diagram/graph/chart/table如图所示12.according to the chart/figures根据这些表（数字）13.as is shown in the table如表格所示14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly thator it is clear/apparent from the chart that从图表我们可以

4、很清楚（明显）看到16.this is a graph which illustrates这个图表向我们展示了17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b fromto该表格描述了年到年间a与b的比例关系。18.the graph，presented in a pie chart， shows the general trend in该图以圆形图形式描述了总的趋势。19.this is a column chart showing这是个柱型图，描述了20.as can be seen from the graph，the two cu

5、rves show the flutuation of如图所示，两条曲线描述了的波动情况。21.over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期间，基本不变。22.in the year betweenand在年到期间23.in the 3 years spanning from 1995 through 19981995年至1998三年里24.from then on/from this time onwards从那时起25.the number ofremained steady/stable from （month/year） to （month/y

6、ear）。月（年）至月（年）的数量基本不变。26.the number sharply went up to数字急剧上升至27.the percentage ofstayed the same betweenand至期间的比率维持不变。28.the figures peaked atin（month/year）的数目在月（年）达到顶点，为29.the percentage remained steady at比率维持在30.the percentage ofis sightly larger/smaller than that of的比例比的比例略高（低）。31.there is not a

7、great deal of difference betweenand与的区别不大。32.the graphs show a threefold increase in the number of该图表表明的数目增长了三倍。33decreased year by year whileincreased steadily.逐年减少，而逐步上升。34.the situation reached a peak（a high point at） of%.的情况（局势）到达顶（高）点，为百分点。35.the figures/situation bottomed out in数字（情况）在达到底部。36.

8、the figures reached the bottom/a low point/hit a trough.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。37.a is times as much/many as b.a是b的倍。38.a increased bya增长了39.a increased toa增长到40.high/low/great/small/ percentage.比低高（低）41.there is an upward trend in the number of数字呈上升趋势。42.a considerable increase/decrease occurred fromto到发生急

9、剧上升。43.fromtothe rate of decrease slow down. 从到，下降速率减慢。44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reduction in the，reaching a figure of 从这年起，逐渐下降至45.be similar to与相似46.be the same as与相同47.there are a lot similarities/differences betweenand与之间有许多相似（不同）之处48.a has something in common with ba于b有共

10、同之处。49.the difference between a and b lies ina与b之间的差别在于50（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in年急剧上升。第二部分：写作常识 一、图形种类及概述法：泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：pie chart直方图或柱形图：bar chart/histogram趋势曲线图：line chart/curve diagram表格图：table流程图或过程图：flow chart/sequence diagram程序图：processing

11、/procedures diagram以下是一些较常用的描述用法The table/chart diagram/graph shows （that）According to the table/chart diagram/graphAs （is） shown in the table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，figures/statistics shows （that）It can be seen from the figures/statisticsWe can

12、see from the figures/statisticsIt is clear from the figures/statisticsIt is apparent from the figures/statisticstable/chart/diagram/graph figures （that） table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how二、data的具体表达法data在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed in time在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time持续变化的data在不同情况下：增加：i

13、ncrease/raise/rise/go up 减少：decrease/grow down/drop/fall 波动：fluctuate/rebound/undulate/wave 稳定：remain stable/stabilize/level off 最常用的两种表达法：动词 + 副词形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容词 + 名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）1. Verb+Adverb formThe number of XXX+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate+insignificantly/si

14、gnificantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/sharply/steeply/steadily/gradually/slowly+from （第一时间） to （第二时间）/between （第一时间） and （第二时间）2. Adjective+Noun formThere was a （very） sudden/rapid/dramatic/significant/sharp/steep/steady/gradual/slow/slight+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuat

15、ion （注意：上述很多词不可用于修饰fluctuation）+in the number of XXX from （第一时间） to （第二时间）/between （第一时间） and （第二时间）描述稳定的data：The number of XXX remained steady/stable from （第一时间） to （第二时间）/between （第一时间） and （第二时间）The number of XXX stayed the same from （第一时间） to （第二时间）/between （第一时间） and （第二时间）There was little chan

16、ge/hardly any change/no change in the number of XXX from from （第一时间） to （第二时间）/between （第一时间） and （第二时间）描述不同状态的dataNoun form：steady drop/sharp rise peak/dramatic fall/sharp dropVerbal form：（to） bottom out/（to） reach the bottom/（to） increase gradually/（to） reach a plateau/（to） remain steady描述the high

17、est point以及the lowest point高点极值：The monthly profit/The figures/The situation +peaked in （月份/年） at XXX%/XXX（极点data）或者reached a peak/a high point at XXX%/XXX（极点data）低点极值：XXX bottomed out/reached+rock/the bottom/a low point或者hit a trough此外，在描述过程中还有很多的conjunctional words/sentences，最常用的固定搭配如下：并列： as well

18、 as（句首/中）， also， as well（句尾）， either， neither， too， moreover， furthermore， in addition， additionally， besides， whats more， apart from 举例： for example， for instance， to illustrate， as an illustration， in particular， particularly， especially事实： as a matter of fact， in fact， actually， as long as， so lo

19、ng as 雷同/近似：similarly， likewise（句首/尾）， at the same time， equally 转折： however， whereas， nevertheless， nonetheless， though， although， even though， while， yet， on the contrary， contrarily， in contrast， conversely， on the other hand， unlikely， in stead （of）， in spite of， despite of 原因与结果1. cause-suggest

20、ion （几乎不常用）since/now that ； I hope thatbecause of/on account of/owing to/thanks to + （doing） sth， I hope that2. cause-effect （较常用）XXX lead to/bring about/result in/ account for （一个句子）， therefore/thus/hence/as a result/consequently/（and） so 3. effect-cause （较常用）XXX be caused by/result from/be the res

21、ult of/be the effect of/be the consequence of （一个句子）， because it is adj. that it is unimaginable that it is undeniable that it is interesting to discover that 三、其它相关常用词（组）1. 主章开头图表类型：table； chart； diagram； graph； column chart； pie graph描述：show； describe； illustrate； can be seen from； clear； apparent

22、； reveal； represent内容：figure； statistic； number； percentage； proportion2. 表示数据一般：have 10%； at 10%； over 10%最高（低）点：peaked； reached a peak/high pointbottomed out； reached the bottom变化：recover 略有回升； increase； jump； rise/rose； climbdecrease； fall/fell； drop； decline； reducefluctuate 浮动，摇摆不定remained stea

23、dy/stable； stay the same； little/hardly any /no change变化程度：sudden/suddenly 突然的，意外的rapid/rapidly 迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的significant/significantly 有意义的，重大的，重要的sharp/sharply 锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply 急剧升降的steady/steadily 稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually 渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly 缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slig

24、htly轻微的、略微地stable/stably 稳定的表示范围：from XXX to XXX； between XXX and XXX； for XXX to XXX多长时间直到表示程度：almost adv. 几乎，差不多nearly adv. 几乎，密切地approximately adv. 近似的，大约about adv. 附近， 大约，转向，左右，周围just over 刚超过over adv. 结束，越过，从头到尾exactly adv. 正确地，严密地precisely adv. 正好 精确地；清晰地比例：20 per cent 20%one in three 1/3one o

25、ut of every four 1/43. 其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes 图中一些较大变化noticeable trend 明显趋势during the same period 在同一时期grow/grew 增长distribute 分布，区别unequally 不相等地pronounced 明显的average 平均no doubt 无疑地corresponding adj. 相应的，通讯的represent vt. 阐述，表现overall 总体上讲except 除外in the case of adv. 在的情况下in terms of/in resp

26、ect of/regarding 在方面in contrast 相反，大不相同in conclusion adv. 最后，总之in comparison 相比之下inversely adv. 相反地，倒转地in general 通常，大体上，一般而言range fromexcessive adj. 过多的，过分的，额外lower v.降低，跌落elapse vi.（时间）过去，消逝category n.种类government policy 政府政策market forces 市场规率measure n. 尺寸，方法，措施 v.估量，调节forecast n. 先见，预见 v. 预测第三部分：

27、段首和结尾填空式写法 段首句：（一）对立观点命题形式的首句：1. Many people do not doubt that A is superior to B ， while others think quite differently on the issue of _. Personally， I stand on the side of A .2. Some people say A ， other people argue B . In a word ， _. But I cannot agree this point of view for many reasons.3. The

28、re are different views concerning this topic . Some people like to CHOOSE A ， some prefer to CHOOSE B . Personally ， I prefer B . I think B has more advantages.4. From my point of view ， it is more advisable to CHOOSE A than to CHOOSE B . 5. Despite the fact that most people prefer A ， I would like to choose B because the following reasons .6. In general ， I prefer to _ .7. As far as I am