专八改错个人修改整理版.docx

1、专八改错个人修改整理版1About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries couldbe avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk _1_pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking _2_University.The report indicates that 5.6 million infant de

2、aths and 2,000,000 maternalDeaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children _3_within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their _4_families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternaldeaths in deve

3、loping countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by _5_the United Nations Childrens Fund and the US Centers for Disease Controlrespectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high _6_risk categories.The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of

4、_7_maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of _8_pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the _9_mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than _10_two years apart.参考答案及解析:1 将had used 改为 used。因为此句是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反

5、，故条件从句中应使用一般过去时。例如：Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise. 许多人原本会成为聪明人如果他们不自以为聪明的话。2 将publishing改为publishedreport和publish时逻辑动宾关系，故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。例如：Any discovery that we may make, however small, will remain acquired knowledge. 任何可能的发现，不管多么微不足道，都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。3 将theirs改为t

6、heir4 将among改为between在两次怀孕期间留出足够的间隔时间，故用between。5 将过去分词excluded改为介词excluding。excluding意为“不包括”6 将respectably改为respectivelyrespectively 意为 “分别地 ”，符合句子的意思。而respectably意为 “可敬的，值得尊敬地 ”。7将evidences改为evidence。evidence是不可数名词。8将ill改为illness。9将year改为years。10将lesser改为less2“Home, sweet home” is a phrase that ex

7、press an essentialattitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in thefamily house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _1_has great importance for many people.This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream,dramatized in the history of nineteenth century Europ

8、ean settlersof American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _2_for ones family, and started a farm. These small households were _3_portraits of independence: the entire family- mother, father, children,even grandparents-live in a small house and working together to _4_support each othe

9、r. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance _5_of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in theUnited States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership _6_is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.When U.S soldiers came home before Wo

10、rld War, for example, _7_they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was _8_a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically inthe suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied _9_a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of

11、 their _10_way of life.参考答案及解析:1 将no改为 not2 将place改为landplace是可数名词，作“地方”讲，而land意为“土地，田地”是不可数名词。例如：Solitude is a good place to visit but a poor place to stay.当你偶尔光顾时，独处是一个美妙的境地，但是如果久留，它却是一个糟糕的地方。There is a vacant piece of land near the house; we can build there.3 将started改为startstart应使用不定式，以和前面的find，

12、build一致。4 将working改为work。work应该用第三人称复数，和live一致。另外，family在这里作“家人”讲，是复数。5 将anyone改为everyone这里是要用everyone指每个人，而不是要用anyone泛指。6 将but删除7将before改为after根据上下文判断，这里要表达的是二战之后。8 将But改为 And根据语意，这里要表达的是递进关系，而不是转折关系。例如：When I do good, I feel good. When I do bad, I feel bad. And thats my religion.当我行善事，我感到坦然；当我行恶时，

13、我感到内疚。这就是我的人生之道。9 将it改为they10 在house the中间加入介词asregardas 作“把当作”讲。3We live in a society which there is a lot of talk about science, but I would say _1_that there are not 5 percent of the people who are equipped with school, includingcollege, to understand scientific reasoning. We are more ignorant of

14、 science as people _2_with comparable education in Western Europe.There are a lot of kids who know everything about computershow to buildthem, how to take them apart, and how to write programs for games. So if you ask _3_them to explain about the principles of physics that have gone into creating th

15、e _4_computer, you dont have faintest idea. _5_The failure to understand science leads to such things like the neglect of human _6_creative power. It also takes rise to blurring of the distinction between science and _7_technology. Lots of people dont differ between the two. Science is the productio

16、n of _8_new knowledge that can be applied or not, and technology is the application ofknowledge to the production of some products, machinery or the like. The two arereally different, and people who have the faculty for one very seldom have afaculty for the others. _9_Science in itself is harmless,

17、more or less. But as soon as it can provide technology,its not necessarily harmful. No society has yet learned to forecast the consequences of _10_new technology, which can be enormous.参考答案及解析:1.在which前加in，或将which改为where在这里which引导限制性从句，修饰先行词the society。in which 在从句中作状语，当然也可以用关系副词where引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语

18、，例如：Money is a bottomless sea, in which honor, conscience, and truth may be drowned.2.将as 改为than3.将So改为But或者However或者Nevertheless。因为这里上下文是转折关系。4.将about去掉因为explain是及物动词。5.将you改为they6.将like改为as因为such as 是固定搭配。7.将takes改为givesgive rise to表示“引起，导致”之意。8.将differ改为 distinguish牵着表示“有区别”。后者表示“区分，找出的差别。9.将othe

19、rs改为other这样the other就和上文的one构成固定搭配，表示在两个中“一个；另外一个”10.将harmful改为harmless，只有这样才可以表达上下文的对比关系。4What is a black hole? Well, it is difficult to answer the question,as the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon _1_are adequate here. Astronomers and scientists think that a black hol

20、e is _2_a region of space which matter has fallen and from which nothing can _3_escapenot even light. But we cant see a black hole. A black hole _4_exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter. It is onlyspaceor thus we think. How can this happen? _5_The theory is that some stars expl

21、ode when their density increasesto a particular point; they “collapse” and sometimes a supernova occurs.The collapse of a star may produce a “White Dwarf” of a “neutronstar”a star which matter is so dense that if continually shrinks by the force of _6_its own gravity. But if the star is very large,

22、this process of shrinking maybe so intense that a black hole results in. Imagine the earth reduced to the _7_size of a marble, but still having the same masses and a stronger _8_gravitational pull, and you have some ideas of the force of a black hole. _9_And no matter near the black hole is sucked i

23、n. _10_参考答案及解析:supernova 名词，天超新星1. 将as 改为since或者because。在表示原因的连接词中，只有as引导的原因状语从句不能位于主句之后，只能位于句首。2 .将adequate 改为inadequate，或者在are后加not。从逻辑上分析，因为我们拥有的科学术语“不充足”，所以才无法回答这个问题，所以用否定形式。3. 在which 前加into。这是一个定语从句，意思是“黑洞是太空中物质可以掉进去的地方”，所以定语从句应该为“into which matter has fallen”。4. 将but 改为 so。 上文已提到“连光都无法从黑洞中逃出”，

24、所以我们根本无法看到黑洞。这里应该是因果关系，而不是转折关系。5 .将thus改为so。这句话的意思是“那只是空间或者我们认为它只是空间”。so做 think 的宾语，thus 只能做连词，不能做宾语。6. 将which 改为whose。这个定语从句的意思是“它是一颗星，其密度非常大，由于自身的引力，它在不断地收缩”。matter 属于star，所以关系代词应该用whose。7 .去掉in。result为不及物动词，意为“形成了”，而“result in sth。”意为“导致某结果”。8. 将masses 改为mass。mass 可指“大量的物质”，而“the masses”特指“劳动群众”，

25、用在此处不妥。9 .将ideas 改为idea。“idea”在表达“印象”时，为不可数名词，不可以用复数。10. 将no改为any。分析便知，任何在黑洞附近的东西都会被吸进去。5 We use language every day. We live in a world of words. Hardly anymoment passes with someone talking, writing or reading. Indeed, _1_languages is most essential to mankind. Our lives increasingly dependon fast

26、and successful use of language. Strangely enough, we know _2_more about things around us than on ourselves. For example, language _3_is species specific, that is, it is language that differs human from _4_animals. However, we do not know yet how exactly we inquire language _5_and how it is possible

27、for us to perceive through language; nor we _6_understand precisely the combinations between language and thought, _7_language and logic, or language and culture; still less, how and whenlanguage started. One reason for this inadequate knowledge of languageis that we, like language users, take too m

28、any things for granted. _8_Language comes to every normal person so naturally that a few _9_of us stop to question what language is, much less do we feel thenecessity to study it. Language is far more complex than most peoplehave probably imagined and the necessity to study it is far greater thansom

29、e people may have assured. Linguistic is a branch of science which _10_takes language as its object of investigation.参考答案及解析:1. with 改为 without。”hardy any moment passes without someone” , 两个否定: without 和hardly，意思是“每一时刻有人”。2. fast 前面加the因为fast and successful use 这个词组后边有一个前置词短语 of language 修饰use，所以被修饰

30、的词前面加定冠词。3. than on ourselves 改为than things on ourselves。在这里比较的是两件事：things around us and things on ourselves(我们周围的事物和我们自身的东西)。第二个things不能省略，否则引起误解。4. differs 改为distinguishes。语言区分人与动物，differ是不及物动词，后面不能带宾语，只能用介词，如：Man differs from animals in that man possesses language。5. inquire改为acquire“习得语言”应该是acqu

31、ire language，名词短语是language acquisition。 Inquire 是“询问”的意思。6. we前面加上 do 副词nor放在句首表示强调，应用倒装句，一般现在时强调句是在主语前面加助动词 do。7. combination改为relationships.语言和思维的关系，不是结合；语言和思维的关系是当代语言学研究的重要领域。8. like 改为as。根据上下文，要表达的意思是“作为语言的使用者”，不是“像语言的使用者”。9. a 去掉 这里是否定的意思：“我们没有多少人”而不是“我们一些人.”。10. assured 改为 assumed. 这句的后半部分意思是“研究语言的必要性比我们想象的要大得多”。Assure译为“确保”；assume译为“假设”或者“想象”的意思