高考非谓语动词总结以及易错点.docx

1、高考非谓语动词总结以及易错点高考非谓语动词总结以及易错点一、单项选择非谓语动词1I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.Ato wind Bwind Cwinding Dwound【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我抬头向上看，注意到一条蛇正在蜿蜒向树上爬来获取它的早餐。分析句子可知，wind its way作宾语补足语，winding its way与宾语snake之间为主动关系且此动作正在进行，故选C。2Shortly after suffering from a

2、 massive earthquake and _ to ruins, the city took on a new look.Areducing Breduced Cbeing reduced Dhaving reduced【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动名词的被动语态。句意：就在遭遇一场大地震被夷为平地之后不久，这个城市呈现了新的面貌。此句中的“after”是介词，后面需要动名词，而且城市是被夷为平地，所以用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。3They might just have a place _ on the writing course why dont you give it a t

3、ry?Aleave Bleft Cleaving Dto leave【答案】B【解析】此处left过去分词作定语修饰a place，被留下的留给写作课程的地方（机会）。句意：他们可能还有个学习写作课的机会，你为什么不试一试呢？【考点定位】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。4Simon made a big bamboo box the little sick bird till it would fly.A keep B kept C keeping D to keep【答案】D【解析】 5At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _ in a small apartm

4、ent near Boston and _what to do about his future.Aliving; wondering Blived; wonderingClived; wondered Dliving; wondered【答案】A【解析】试题分析：现在分词做伴随状语，At the age of 29,D was a worker.这是完整句子,所以后面要用分词结构. 有and,显然是两个并列分词. 主要注意用现在分词，现在分词的主语就是主句的主语，它们之间的关系是主动关系。用现在分词做状语，DAVE在29岁时是一名工人，住在一间小公寓里，不知道未来会如何。选A。考点：考查现在

5、分词做状语点评：现在分词还是过去分词做状语主要取决于动词和逻辑主语的关系：如果动词和逻辑主语是被动关系，用过去分词，如果动词和逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词。6Pressed from his parents, and _ that he has wasted too much time, the boy is determined to stop playing video games.Arealizing BrealizedCto realize Dbeing realized【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：被父母迫使同时自己也意识到他已经浪费了太多时间，这个男孩决

6、定停止玩电脑游戏。首先要弄清楚本句中的and连接的成分是非谓语动词做状语，主语the boy与press是被动关系，但是与realize是主动，所以是现在分词做状语，选A。7For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit_on his own farm.Agrown Bbeing grownCto ge grown Dto grow【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词作定语。句意：早餐，他只喝来自他自己农场种植的新鲜水果的果汁。grow作定语修饰fruit ，grow与fruit之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。

7、B项表示正在进行；C项表示还未发生，均不符合题意。故选A。8（江苏）Around 13,500 new jobs were created during the period, _ the expected number of 12,000 held by market analysts.Ahaving exceeded Bto exceedCexceeded Dexceeding【答案】D【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在这期间，大约创造13,500个新的工作，超过市场分析师持有的12,000个的预期数量。分析全句可知，这里指前一件事情所带来自然而然的结果，故用现在分词作结果状语。故选D。点睛

8、：本题考查非谓语动词。非谓语动词主要有动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词形式。having exceeded强调时间先后，指的是此动作发生在谓语动词create的动作之前；to exceed表示将要超出；exceeded过去分词表示被动。分析句子可知，这里用现在分词作结果状语。9I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.Alocking Bto lock Chaving locked Dto have locked【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。ACD三个选项都表示动作已

9、经完成。只有B选项表示尚未做。句意：我记得离开办公室前要锁门的，但是却忘记了要关灯。remember doing=remember having dong=remember to have done.10Come on,please give me some ideas about the project.Sorry.With so much work _ my mind,I almost break down.Afilled Bfilling Cto fill Dbeing filled【答案】B【解析】“with+复合结构”在句中表状态或说明背景情况，常作伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语，该结

10、构由“名词(代词)不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词-ing形式、动词-ed形式等”构成。with+名词+动词-ing形式用于强调名词是动词-ing形式的动作的发出者或某动作、状态正在进行。根据work与fill的关系可判断出要用动词-ing形式作宾语补足语，表示“工作充满了我的头脑”。动词-ed形式作宾语补足语表示被动。动词不定式作宾语补足语表示将要发生的事。11 volcanoes for many years, I am still amazed at their beauty as well as their potential to cause great damage.ATo s

11、tudy BStudyingCHaving studied DStudied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词辨析。句意：在研究火山多年之后，我仍然对它们的美丽以及它们造成巨大破坏的潜力感到惊讶。study与主语是逻辑主谓关系，且强调“研究”发生在主句谓语动作之前，应使用现在分词的完成式。故C选项正确。12He had wonderful childhood, _with his mother to all corners of the world.Atravel Bto travel Ctraveled Dtraveling【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他有着美好的童

12、年，跟母亲到过世界各地。分析句子可知，travel用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语He与travel之间为主谓关系，因此用现在分词作状语。故选D。13_ nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel.AHaving spent BTo spendCSpent DTo have spent【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经花完了几乎所有的钱，我们无法支付住宾馆的费用。动词不定式表将来和目的，根据句意可知，“花钱”的动作发生在过去，排除B、D；过去分词表完成和被动，we与spend是主谓关系，应该用现在分词，排除C

13、；当两个动作有先后关系时，用现在分词的完成式，现在分词的完成式在本句相当于because we have spent nearly all our money，表原因。故选A。14In Australia, many road signs are now both in English and Chinese, _ it easier for Chinese tourists to travel.Amaking Bmade Cmake Dmakes【答案】A【解析】考查状语从句。在澳大利亚，许多路标都是用英文和中文同时标识，使中国游客去旅游更加容易。根据与前面一句用逗号隔开，没有连词，故判断此

14、空用非谓语动词，根据与主语是主动关系，故用动词-ing形式，用来修饰和补充上一句话，故选A。15There have been many advances in medicine in recent years. That means money _ for medical research has been well spent.Aused Busing Cto use Dto be used【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。句意：近年来医学取得了许多进展。这意味着用于医学研究的钱花得很值。分析句子可知，money与use在逻辑上是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故选A项。16Yo

15、u are supposed to leave your child _ his homework alone.Ado Bto doCbeing done Ddone【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词用法。句意：你应该让你的孩子自己做作业。该题考查leave的用法。表示“让某人去做某事”，应该用leave的复合结构leave sb. to do sth.，没有leave sb. do结构；leave sb./sth. done意为“使得某人/物被”。B选项正确。17（北京）The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _ from

16、butterflies to elephants.Aranging BrangeCto range Dranged【答案】A【解析】试题分析：句意：国家公园有许多的野生动物，包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和range之间是主动关系，用现在分词，故选A。考点：考查非谓语动词。名师点睛现在分词和过去分词的区别：在语态上，现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词表示被动意义；在时间上，现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生，过去分词表示的动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。如：falling leaves 正在下落的树叶 fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶分词的作用作定语单个分词作定

17、语，分词前置。如：The sleeping boy is my son.The excited people rushed into the building.分词短语作定语，分词后置；分词修饰不定代词something等要后置；个别分词如give，left等作定语也后置。如：The girl standing under the tree is my niece.The building built last year is our library.过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系，相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如：Most of the people invited to the pa

18、rty were famous scientists作状语现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.As I didnt receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.(条件)W

19、alking along the street, I ran across my old friend.Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital(原因).Though defeated, he didnt lose heart. (让步)He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. (伴随)He came running to tell me the good news. (方式) 注意：选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出，分词就用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。试比较：（

20、Being）Used for a long time, the book looks old.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful.在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致，如果不一致，就用独立主格结构，即在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语，一般不用作定语。作表语现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征，过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。如：The film is touching.The glass is broken.作宾语补足语分词和不定式一样，在一些感官动词或使役动词

21、后作宾语补足语。如：I smell something burning.I heard him singing the song.I heard my name called.作插入语其结构是固定的，意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。generally speaking 一般说来 talking of (speaking of) 说到strictly speaking 严格地说 judging from 从判断all things considered 从整体来看 taking all things into consideration 全面看来。如：Judging from his face,

22、he must be ill.从他的脸色看，他一定是病了。Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs.总的来说，狗比猪跑得快。18 that it was going to rain, James took a raincoat with him.ASeeing BSawCSeen DTo see【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：看到即将下雨，James随身带着雨衣。分析句子可知，“see that it was going to rain”作状语，see与主语James是主动关系，用现在分词表示主动关系。故选A。19We cant

23、 go out in this weather, said Bob, _ out of the window.Alooking Bto lookClooked Dhaving looked【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查现在分词做状语。句意：Bob看着窗外说：“这样的天气我们不能出去”。本句中look与said是同时进行，we与look之间构成主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故选A。20The woman, when _ how her husband was injured, began to cry.Aasked Bto askCasking Dask【答案】A【解析】21We w

24、ill gather for the community service at the school gate at 8 tomorrow morning unless .Aotherwise informing Botherwise being informedCotherwise informed Dhaving otherwise informed【答案】C【解析】考查让步状语从句省略现象。这里otherwise informed补充完整应是otherwise we are informed，但是因前后主语一致，所以省略主语，系动词。而我们应该是被通知，不是主动的。句意：我们将于明天早上

25、八点在学校门口进行社区服务，除非另有通知。故选C。考点：考查动词的过去分词。22The great hall was crowded with many people, _ many children _on their parents laps.Aincluding; seated Bincluding; seatingCincluded; sat Dincluded; sitting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词和过去分词。句意：这个大厅挤满了人，包括一些坐在父母腿上的小孩。include是介词,由其领导的这个句子是做状语成分之用.including somebody，包括某人=som

26、ebody included，seated是动词+ed,其引导的seated on their parents laps是后置定语的成分,表示状态，用来修饰前面的children。故选A。23The discovery of new evidence led to _.Athe thief having caught Bcatch the thiefCthe thief being caught Dthe thief to be caught【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：新证据的发现导致小偷被捕。由句子结构可知，此处to是介词，其需接动名词作宾语，此处the thief作动名

27、词的逻辑主语；the thief与catch之间是被动关系，所以此处需用动名词的复合结构的被动形式。故选C。24A great number of students _ said they were forced to practice the piano.Ato question Bto be questionedCquestioned Dquestioning【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查过去分词作定语。句意：很多被询问的学生都说他们是被迫去练钢琴的。students与question构成被动关系，表示被询问的学生。B项不定式表示将来,，而本句表示的是已经被询问。故选C项。25The ol

28、d couple sat in front of the house every evening, happy _ those lovely children running and playing around.Ato watch Bwatching Cwatched Dto have watched【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这对老夫妇每天晚上都坐在房子前面，开心地看着可爱的孩子们跑来跑去。本句中的happy.是形容词短语做状语，表示句子主语The old couple的状态；由句子中的happy可知，其后应接动词不定式表原因，即（the old man is） hap

29、py to.故选A项。26China National Womens Volleyball Team made great achievements, _ them a symbol of the spirit of China.Ato make Bhaving made Cmade Dmaking【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家女排取得巨大成就，使得他们成为了中国精神的象征。根据句意，_ them a symbol of the spirit of China是理所当然的结果，用现在分词表示理所当然的结果，且“make them a symbol of the spi

30、rit of China”这一动作不先于“made great achievements”这一动作，故不用完成时。故选D。【点睛】当分词做状语的时候，如果构成分词的动词与句子的主语构成主动关系，就使用现在分词做状语；当二者构成被动关系，使用过去分词做状语。如果分词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，就使用分词的完成式。如果分词与句子的主语没有关系，可以使用状语从句或者独立主格结构。27_upon his years of experience in the business, ZhangYong, Alibabas newly appointed CEO, came up with a novel idea for increasing sales.ATo draw BBeing drawn CDrawing DDrawn【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：阿里巴巴新任CEO张勇凭借多年的商业经验，想出了一个增加销售额的新点子。分析句子结构可知draw在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语ZhangYong构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故选C。28Beijings new international airport _