高考一轮复习人教版必修一UNIT13重点总结词汇串记.docx

1、高考一轮复习人教版必修一UNIT13重点总结词汇串记人教版必修一UNIT1-3重点总结&词汇串记【核心词汇及用法归纳】attitude n态度；看法Whats your attitude to/towards this idea? 你对这种意见看法如何？base vt.以为根据 n基部；基地；基础One should always base his opinion on facts.一个人应该始终以事实为依据发表自己的观点。拓展归纳base sth on/upon.把以为基础/根据base sth in/at把(总部，基地)设在be based on/upon以为基础at the base o

2、f在的底部；在的基点command n& vt.命令；指令；掌握He has a hundred men under his command.他指挥一百个人。He commanded that I (should) complete my project ahead of time.他命令我提前完成我的项目。拓展归纳(1)have a good command of精通(语言等)under the command of sb under sbs command由指挥；由控制take command of控制(2)command that sb (should) do sth 命令某人做某事co

3、mmand sb to do sth 命令某人做某事concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n担心；关注；(利害)关系The accident was concerned with the bus driver.这次事故与公交车司机有关。There is some cause for concern but no need for alarm.是有点令人忧虑， 但不必惊慌。拓展归纳concerned adj.担心的；关注的be concerned about/for关心；担忧；挂念be concerned with牵涉到，与有关as/so far as.be concerned关于；至

4、于；就而言determine vt.决定；确定；下定决心determined adj.坚决的；有决心的Lets determine a date for the meeting.让我们确定一下会议的日期。I was determined to have another try，even if I might fail again.即使还有可能失败，我仍决心再试一次。拓展归纳(1)determine to do.决定做(表示动作)determine on/upon (doing).决定(做)determine sb to do.使某人下决心做be determined to do.决心做(表示状

5、态)(2)determination n决心；决定disadvantage n不利条件；不便之处His bad health is a great disadvantage to him.他身体不好是他的不利之处。拓展归纳advantage n有利条件，有利因素，优势disagree vi.不同意It is difficult to disagree with the chairman on this point.在这点上很难与主席持不同意见。拓展归纳disagree with sb不同意某人disagree about/on/over sth不同意某事frequent adj.频繁的；常见的

6、She was a fairly frequent visitor to the house.她算是这家的常客。拓展归纳frequently adv. 常常；频繁地fluent adj.流利的；流畅的She is fluent in five languages.她通晓五种语言。拓展归纳fluently adv. 流利地；流畅地grateful adj.感激的；表示谢意的Im so grateful to you for all that youve done.对于你所做的一切我非常感激。拓展归纳be grateful to sb for sth 因某事而感激某人be grateful to

7、do sth 因做某事而感激be grateful that.感激graduate vi.毕业 n大学毕业生He graduated from Oxford in the class of 1978.他是牛津大学1978届毕业生。He is a high school/college graduate.他是中学/大学毕业生。拓展归纳(1)graduate in获得学位；毕业于专业graduate from毕业于学校(2)graduation n毕业gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的The doctor noticed a gradual improvement in his patient

8、.医生注意到病人在逐渐恢复健康。拓展归纳gradually adv. 逐渐地；逐步地ignore vt.不理睬；忽视Either she didnt see me wave or she ignored me on purpose.要么她没看见我招手，要么就是故意不理我。拓展归纳ignorant adj.不了解的，无知的ignorance n不了解，无知latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的Hell go to school in the latter part of the year.后半年他将上学了。This latter point is of great importa

9、nce.这后一个论点是非常重要的。native adj.本国的；本地的 n本地人；本国人The tiger is native to India.这种虎原产于印度。Are you a native，or just a visitor? 你是本地人还是外来人？拓展归纳be native to原产于，土生土长的pack vi.& vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n小包；包裹As soon as I graduated，I packed my bags and moved to the west of China.一毕业我就收拾行李去了中国西部。A pack of reporters were waiti

10、ng outside for the latest news.一群记者在外面等待最新消息。拓展归纳a pack of一帮，一伙，一群，一包persuade vt.说服；劝说Dont let yourself be persuaded into buying things you dont really want.不要听信别人的劝说去买你并不真正想要的东西。I persuaded him not to smoke again.I persuaded him out of smoking.我说服他不再吸烟了。注意：persuade表示“说服”，强调说服的结果；advise表示“劝说，建议”，对方不

11、一定接受，强调动作。“劝说但不一定有效果”应表述为：advise sb to do sth 或try to persuade sb to do sth。prefer vt.更喜欢；选择某事物(而不选择其他事物)Would you prefer me to stay? 你愿意我留下来吗？My mother prefers working to sitting idly.妈妈喜欢干活而不喜欢闲呆着。拓展归纳prefer to do/doing sth 宁愿做某事；更喜欢做某事prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事prefer that.宁愿prefer (doing) A to (

12、doing) B与(做)B相比更喜欢(做)Aprefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A而不愿做Bpower n能力；力量；权力The power was cut off and the street was entirely in darkness.断电后街道完全陷入了黑暗。She was the one who had the power to hire or fire people.有权雇用或解雇人的是她。拓展归纳(1)come to power上台，当权，表示动作，不能和一段时间连用。(2)be in power当权，执政，表示状态，可以和一段时间连用。(3)

13、have the power to do sth 具有做某事的能力、权力beyond/out of ones power某人力所不能及recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认We all recognized him to be/as a wise leader.我们都承认他是一位英明的领导。拓展归纳(1)recognize sb as/to be.承认某人是recognize sth (as sth)承认；意识到recognize sb by.通过认出某人(2) recognition n承认；认出reliable adj.可信赖的；可靠的John is very reliable；if

14、 he says hell do something he will do it.约翰非常可靠，他说过要做的事就一定会做。拓展归纳rely v信任，信赖；依赖，依靠rely on/upon依靠，依赖request n& vt.请求；要求I request that you (should) come here early.我要求你早些来。You are requested not to smoke in the theatre.请不要在剧院里吸烟。拓展归纳(1)make a request for请求；要求at sbs requestat the request of sb 应某人的请求、要求

15、by request应的请求，应邀(2)request sb to do sth 要求某人做某事request sth from sb (正式或礼貌地)向某人请求或要求某物注意：request后跟宾语从句、表语从句或同位语从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用“should动词原形”，should可省略。schedule n时间表；进度表vt.为某事安排时间We arrived two hours ahead of schedule in order not to miss the train.为了不错过这趟火车，我们提前两小时到达(火车站)。The new edition is scheduled t

16、o appear in May.新版本预定将于五月份上市。拓展归纳(1)ahead of schedule提前behind schedule迟于预定时间on schedule准时；按时间表(2)be scheduled for预定；安排be scheduled to do预定做suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历Well suffer hunger one day if we dont care about the farmland.如果我们不关注农田，将来我们会挨饿的。拓展归纳suffering n痛苦；苦难sufferer n患病者；受难者settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt

17、.使定居；安排；解决They calmed down and settled their problem soon.他们镇静下来并很快把问题解决了。Mr.Wang settled down in America soon after he got there.王先生到美国后不久就定居下来了。拓展归纳(1)settle down舒适地坐下；安静下来；定居下来settle down to sth/doing sth开始认真对待某事；定下心来做某事(2)settlement n解决；协议straight adv.直接；挺直 adj.直的；笔直的；正直的There is a straight line

18、 under the sentence.句子下面有一条直线。He went straight from school to university.他中学一毕业就马上进了大学。transport n运送；运输vt.运输；运送A bus transported us from the airport to the city.一辆公共汽车把我们从飞机场送到城里。拓展归纳(1)transport.(from.) to.把(从)运到be transported by用运输public transport公共交通(2)transportation(美)transport(英)运输，交通工具tip n提示；

19、技巧；尖；尖端；小费vt.倾斜；翻倒Take a safety tip from meget that light mended!听我一句安全建议吧找人修修那盏灯！The bottle tipped over and all the water spilled out.瓶子倒了，水全洒了。upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的vt.(upset，upset) 使不安；使心烦；打翻，碰倒；打乱She was upset about losing her job.她正为失去工作而心烦意乱。Losing the ring upset her very much.遗失戒指使她很心烦意乱。拓展归

20、纳be upset about/over/at sth 为某事心烦 upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼 view n风景；视野；观点；见解vt.观看；注视；考虑He holds strong views on race.他对种族问题的观点很鲜明。He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。拓展归纳(1)on view展览着；陈列着in view of考虑到；由于come into view看得见；进入视野in ones view在某人看来(2)view.as.把看作【核心短语】a

21、series of 一连串的；一系列；一套Then they began a series of experiments.这时他们开始了一系列的试验。add up 合计；加起来Im going to add up all the money I have.我要合计一下我所有的钱。拓展归纳(1)add的意思是“把加上去”，不是“增加”，如“增加工资”，应用increase或raise。(2)add to增加；add up to合计达；add.to.把加到Please add up the numbers and Im sure they will add up to more than 1，00

22、0.请把这些数字加起来，我确信它们加起来多于1 000。as usual 照常As usual，they leave the children with Susan at home.像平常一样，他们把孩子们留在家里让苏珊照看。拓展归纳than usual比平时(用于比较结构的句子)at present 现在；目前Affairs at present are very unsettled.目前的事态很不稳定。believe it or not信不信由你 (常用作插入语，也叫独立成分)Believe it or not，Im feeling quite homesick.信不信由你，反正我觉得非常

23、想家。because of 因为；由于Because it was raining outside，we had to stay at home.由于外面在下雨，我们只好呆在家里。拓展归纳(1)because of为介词短语，后接n./pron./v.ing/what从句等作宾语。(2)because是从属连词，引导原因状语从句。be fond of 喜爱；喜欢Im fond of pop music.我喜欢流行音乐。 care about 关心；忧虑；惦念He likes pop；he doesnt care for classic music.他喜欢流行歌曲，不喜欢古典音乐。拓展归纳car

24、e for喜欢；照顾，照料；关心change ones mind 改变主意You say you wont smoke any longer，but youll soon change your mind.你说你不再吸烟了，可是很快就会变卦的。拓展归纳lose ones mind失去理智keep/bear.in mind记住calm(.) down (使)平静下来；(使)镇定下来The crying child soon calmed down.哭闹的小孩儿不一会儿就安静下来了。come up 走近；上来；提出The sky was dark blue when the moon came u

25、p.月亮出来时天空是深蓝色的。A new suggestion came up at the meeting.会上提出了一个新建议。拓展归纳come up with提出come about发生(常与how连用)come out开花；出版，发表；罢工come to共计，总计；(总数)达到come along到达；跟着来注意：come up被提及，其主语是被提出的内容，主动形式表示被动含义；come up with提出，其主语是提出动作的发出者，后面的宾语才是被提出的内容。dream about/of梦到；梦想My younger brother dreams of/about becoming

26、a spaceman.我弟弟梦想成为一名宇航员。注意：about/of是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。ever since 从那以后Weve been friends ever since we met at school.自从我们在学校认识之后，我们就一直是好朋友。拓展归纳ever since从那以后，后接从句或短语，通常与完成时态连用。ever since还可以作副词单独使用，在句中作状语。fall in love 相爱；爱上The first time Tom saw Mary，he fell in love with her.Tom第一次见到Mary就爱上了她。拓展归纳(1)fall

27、in love (with sb)爱上(某人)，表示动作，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。(2)be in love (with sb) (与某人) 相爱，属状态性动词短语，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用。get/be tired of 对厌烦get/be tired from/with因而疲倦、劳累give in 投降；屈服；让步I have to give in to their demands.我不得不向他们的要求让步。拓展归纳give away赠送，给予；泄露give back归还；恢复give off发出(气味、气体等)give out散发(声、光、热等)；用完，耗尽；分发give up

28、放弃；戒掉go through 经历，经受；穿过；仔细检查；完成；用完I went through the same thing last year.我去年也经历了同样的事情。I cant go through the book in one day.这本书我一天看不完。拓展归纳go up上升；攀登；增长；被建造起来go with陪一起去；伴随；与相配go without 没有，缺乏，将就；不言而喻，理所当然go wrong出毛病；失败in order to 为了In order to catch the train，she got up early.为了赶上火车，她起床很早。He decid

29、ed to work harder so as to/in order to catch up with the others.他决心更加努力学习，以便赶上其他人。拓展归纳in order to为了，表目的，后接动词原形，可位于句首或句中，相当于so as to，但后者不能位于句首。其否定形式为：in order not to/so as not to。join in 参加；加入They danced and danced until a lot of us joined in.他们不停地跳着舞，直到我们中间许多人都参加了进去。拓展归纳(1)join in指参加正在进行的活动，其宾语一般是竞赛

30、、娱乐、谈话、讨论、聚会、游戏等名词，可用于join in (doing) sth/join sb in (doing) sth。(2)join常指加入某组织或团体，并成为其中的一员，其宾语往往是the army/team/club或sb 等。more.than.比更，与其说倒不如说He is more lucky than clever.与其说他聪明，不如说他幸运。拓展归纳more than one单数名词，意为“不止一个”，在语意上虽为复数，但作主语时，谓语动词用单数。make use of 利用；使用We could make better use of our resources.我们可以更有效地利用我们的资源。拓展归纳make go