1、高考情态动词完整版高考情态动词(完整版)一、单项选择情态动词1 -Is Jack on duty today? -It _ be him. Its his turn tomorrow.Amustnt Bwont Ccant Dneednt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表示推测。句意:-今天杰克值日吗?-不可能是他。明天该轮到他。cant be用于否定推测“不可能是”,must表示推测的时候,表示“肯定是”,wont不愿意,neednt不必,故选C。2- Did Jim come?- I dont know. He _ while I was out.Amight have come B
2、might comeCmust have come Dshould have come【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词推测用法。句意:Jim来了吗?-我不知道,在我不在的时候,可能来过。根据前文I dont know.可知,说话者不知道Jim来没来,因此后文推测来过,但是语气很不确定,故可知选A。对过去情况的推测 为情态动词+have done,must have done 一定做了某事,should have done 应该来过,不符合,故选A。【点睛】情态动词+have+过去分词的用法,表示推测或判断过去的情况。can/could+have+过去分词用法:多用于否定句和疑问句中。表示
3、对过去某事发生的可能性的否定或质疑,意为:不可能(已经).了-(否定句)/可能(已经).了嘛?-(疑问句)用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾,含有轻微的责备,意为:本来可以.的(但实际上没有.)。You could have done better, but you were too careless.(肯定句。他能做得更好的)should/ought to+have+过去分词用法:用于肯定句中。表示对过去没有做某事的遗憾,含有责备的意思,意为:本来应该.的(但实际上没有.)。用于否定句中-表示对过去已经做了某事的责备,意为:本来不应该.的(但实际上已经.了)。He should hav
4、e been asleep.(肯定句,他本应去睡觉的)He shouldnt have been asleep.(否定句,他本来不应该去睡觉的)。may/might+have+过去分词用法:用于肯定句和否定句中,表示对过去发生某事的可能性的推测,意为:或许(已经)./或许还没有.。It is too late. He may have gone to bed.must+have+过去分词用法:表示对过去发生的事情十分肯定的推测。must表示推测时,不能用在否定句和疑问句中。I must have forgotten to tell you.(must 的引入,表达了说话者对过去忘记告诉你的这件
5、事肯定推测)neednt+have+过去分词用法:表示对过去已经做了某事的后悔,意为:本来可以不必.的(可实际上却已经.)You neednt have taken a taxi here, for it was very near to my home.3-Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?-It is class time, so she _ in the classroom now.Acan be Bmust have beenCmight have been Dshould be【答案】D【解析】考查情态动词的用法。A. can be可能,可以是
6、;B. must have been一定(对过去事实肯定的推测);C. might have been可能(对过去事实肯定的推测);D. should be应该是。句意:知道苏珊在哪里吗?现在是上课时间,她应该在教室里。故答案选D。4He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashall BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:他是个脾气不好的家伙,但当他希望自己有魅力的时候,他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”,故C项正确。5The room i
7、s so clean. He _ have cleaned it yesterday evening.Awill BneedCcan Dmust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意:房间如此干净,他一定是昨天晚上打扫过了。must have done表示对过去发生的事情有把握的猜测,意思是“一定(做过)”,故D项正确。6 Mum, little Ray broke his toys again!It doesnt matter. You see, accidents _happen.Ashall Bshould Cmust Dwill【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句
8、意:妈妈,小雷又弄坏了他的玩具。没事的,你看,意外总会发生。A. shall将要,会;B. should应当;C. must必须;D. will总是。Will可以表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”。故D选项正确。【点睛】will/would是情态动词,其表达的意思如下。(1)表示意志或意愿:决心,愿意,好吗?We will do our best to save the child. 我们会尽力抢救这个孩子。I told her to stop crying, but she just wouldnt listen. 我叫她别哭,可她就是不愿听。注:表示请求、建议或征求对方意见时,用Would y
9、ou? 比用Will you?更婉转。如:Will/Would you please keep the door open? 请让门开着好吗?Will/Would you go with me? 你愿意和我一起去吗?(2)表示真理或习惯:惯于,总是。如:Oil will float on water. 油总是浮在水面上。She will listen to music alone in her room for hours. 她独自在房间里听音乐,一听往往就是几小时。He would get up early when he lived in the country. 他住在乡下时总是早起。(
10、3)表示要求:一定,必须。如:You will report to me afterward. 你稍后一定要向我报告。(4)表示猜测:可能,大概。如:This will be the house youre looking for. 这大概就是你找的那所房子了。(5)表示功能:能。如:This auditorium will/would seat one thousand people. 这个礼堂能容纳一千人分析句子可知,本句中的will表示习惯,意思为“惯于,总是”且符合语境。故D选项正确。7-He was satisfied with the result, wasnt he?-No. I
11、t was so difficult that he _have passed it.Ashouldnt BmustntCcouldn t Dwouldnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. shouldnt 不应该;B. mustnt禁止,不允许;C. couldn t 不可能;D. wouldnt不会。句意:-他对结果很满意,是吗? -不。考试太难了,他不可能通过。固定结构:couldn t have done“不可能做某事”,此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故选C。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构:1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状
12、态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如:He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如
13、:They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如:I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如:You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学
14、习的.(但没有) He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了) 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.8Whats wrong with you
15、?Oh, I am sick. I _ so much ice cream just now.Ashouldnt eat Bmustnt eatCcouldnt have eaten Dshouldnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:你怎么了?我生病了,我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldnt eat不应该吃;B. mustnt eat禁止吃;C. couldnt have eaten不可能吃;D. shouldnt have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知,是发生在过去,故选D。9 I saw your uncle t
16、ake a taxi to the airport. Why didnt you drive him there? I _. But my car _ .Awould; was fixed Bwould have; was fixedCwould have; was being fixed Ddid; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢?-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情,应该用would have done;而修理汽车是指当他叔
17、叔去机场的时候,表示过去正在进行的动作,故答案选C。10_ you sing and dance at this late hour of the night?Sorry, I will stop right now.AMay BShallCWill DMust【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查情态动词的用法。 May可以,可能 Shall:?用于第一三人称的疑问句,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。用于二三人称的陈述句表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺、威胁或决心等。用于法律、法规条文、合同等,按规定应该履行的义务等。Will 表示请求或建议;表示意愿或表示现在的习惯D. Must表示“必
18、须”“一定”“偏要”之意。此处must表示“偏要,偏偏”。句意:你偏要在深夜又唱又跳吗?很抱歉,我会马上停止。考点:考查情态动词的用法。11I still find it hard to imagine that such a clever child _ make such a foolish mistake.Ashall BmustCcan Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。 句意:我仍然难以想象这样聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为竟会、居然,这么聪明的孩子竟然犯这样愚蠢的错误。表示
19、意外,shall表示允诺,命令等,must表示必须,can表示能力及可能性。所以答案选D。12Can I pay the bill by check?Sorry,sirBut it is the management rules of our hotel that payment _ be made in cashAshall BneedCwill Dcan【答案】A【解析】【详解】考察情态动词用法。句意:我能用支票付账吗?对不起,先生。但这是我们酒店的管理规定,支付要用现金。shall可以表示命令,警告,强制,或者指规则和法律要求做的事情。本题正是考察了shall表示按照规则和法律要求做的事
20、情。故A正确。13You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didnt you?No, I didnt phone you. It someone else.Amust have been Bcould be Cmust be Dcould have been【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话,是吗?”“不,我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” musthavedone是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是“一定”,结合语境可知,我没有打电话给你,因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话 。故选A项。
21、14Keep up your spirits even if you _ fail hundreds of times.Amust BneedCmay Dshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。A. must必须;B. need需要;C. may可能,或许;D. should应该。句意:即使失败了几百次,也要振作起来。此处表示一种不确定的推测,故选C。15_ you disturb me now? Im busy preparing a report. Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you.ANeed BSh
22、ould CMight DMust【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词特殊用法。句意:你非要现在打扰我吗?我正在准备一份报告。真对不起,但是我怕有紧急事情告诉你。A. Need需要;B. Should 应该;C. Might也许;D. Must必须;一定;偏偏,非得;根据语境可知must表示“偏偏,非得”符合上下文语境,用来指责对方。故D项正确。16According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or inform
23、ation by using such technologies.Acan Bshall Cwill Dmay【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章,任何人都不可以使用此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够,有时会;B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见; 二三人称陈述句,表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿;D. may 也许,可能。根据前面的regulation(规定)可知,本题选shall更加合理。故选B。17We _ take clean drinking water for granted. One
24、 day we may run out of it.Aneednt BcantCwont Dshouldnt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们不应该把拥有洁净的饮用水看作是理所当然的。也许有一天,我们会用完它。shouldnt“不应该”,符合句意。neednt不必;cant不可能;wont将不。故选D。18Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You _ have fixed full attention on it.Acan BshouldCneed Dmight【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意
25、:看!你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构,can have done表示可能;need表示需要;might have done表示可能做过某事;故选B。19-Mary knows the city quite well.-She_ well have been there before.Aneed Bcould Cshould Dmay【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:Mary非常了解这个城市。她肯定以前在那里呆过。may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过
26、去的肯定猜测。need have done本需要做某事却没做;could have done本可以做某事却没做;should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选D。20The door _ open, no matter how hard she pushed.Ashouldnt BcouldntCwouldnt Dmightnt【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:无论她怎么使劲推,门就是打不开。A. shouldnt不应该;B. couldnt不能够;C. wouldnt不愿意;D. mightnt可能不。will及其过去式would均可表示一种倾向性、习惯。故选C。21S
27、orry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh, its too bad. You_ have made full preparations.Amust Bcan Cwould Dshould【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done结构。句意:对不起,妈妈,我面试又失败了。噢,那太糟糕了,你应该做好充分准备的。A.must必须;B.can可以;C.would将会;D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气,can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑,用于疑问句,译成“可能做过吗?”;could+ha
28、ve+done,表示对过去事情的假设,意思是本来能够做某事而没有做;must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测,译成“一定做过某事”,该结构只用于肯定句;should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事,而实际没做”。故选D【名师点睛】情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词,但它不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点,每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在:情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别,情态动词否定式的用法辨析,“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。22The principal in our scho
29、ol has recently passed a rule that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.Amay Bshould Cwill Dshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们学校的校长最近通过了一项规定,要求学生在校园里穿校服。分析句子可知,“that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。【点睛】情态动词shall的
30、用法:1、在主语是第一、三人称的疑问句中征求对方意见:要不要?好吗?如:Shall we go?该走了吧?2、用于二、三人称,在陈述句中表示说话者给对方的承诺、决心、警告、威胁等。如:You shall borrow the book。你可以借这本书。3、表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”。例如本小题,分析句子可知,“that students _ wear school uniforms in our campus.”是同位语从句对名词“rule”内容解释说明。当表示强制,用于法令、条约、规章中,意为“必须,应该”等时句子用情态动词shall。故选D。23- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.-Thanks. You _ it. I could manage it myself.
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