1、英语语法一般现在时归纳总结英语语法一般现在时归纳总结一、单项选择一般现在时1She told me the sun _ in the east.Arise BroseCrises Dhad risen【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:她告诉我太阳从东边升起。在含有宾语从句的主从复合句里,若主句用的是一般过去时,则从句也要用相应的过去时态,但当从句表示客观真理时仍可用一般现在时。太阳在东方升起,是一个客观事实。主语是第三人称单数。故C选项正确。2During the quality time at night, the father enjoys watching TV, wh
2、ile the mother together with her three children fond of listening to popular songs.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere【答案】A【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。当主语后带有together with短语时,句中的谓语仍然和前面的主语一致,不受together with短语的干扰。根据enjoys可知,第二个分句也应用一般现在时。3Wishing you the best of luck. We _ your telephone number and will call you if anything comes
3、up.Ahave Bwill have Chad Dwould have【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查动词的时态。句意:祝你好运。我们有你的电话号码,如果有什么事,我们会打电话给你。我们有你的电话号码是客观事实,故用一般现在时,故选A。考点:考查动词的时态4We live in a beautiful cottage with a yard, which _ 20 feet from side to side.Ameasures Bis measuredCmeasured Dhas been measured【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考察非谓语。句意:我们住的地方有一个院子,这个院子从一遍
4、到另一边的距离是20英尺。考点:考察非谓语。5-Wed better leave now.-No hurry. The train _ at 10 oclock.Ahas left BleftCleaves Dwould leave【答案】C【解析】试题分析:考查时态。本句中使用一般现在时代替将来时,表示按照时间表的安排将要发生的事情。句意:我们最好现在就走。不着急,火车10点才离开。故C 正确。考点:考查时态6Thats why I help brighten peoples days. If you _, whos to say that another person will?Adidn
5、t BdontCwerent Dhavent【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查条件状语从句中动词的时态。句意:这就是为什么我帮助人们过美好的日子。如果你不这样做,谁会说另一个人会这么做?结合句意可知,空格处句子表达“如果你不去做的话,谁敢说还有其他人去做呢?”,是对现在的一般性假设,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时,构成“主将从现”。故选B。【点睛】一般现在时:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作(有时间规律发生的事件)的一种时间状态;在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。在本题目中,可以从这个角度来判断,主将从现是指在时间状语从句
6、和条件状语从句中,如果主句是一般将来时,从句用一般现在时替代一般将来时。比如:条件状语从句的主句是一般将来时,那么从句常常用一般现在时 如:When I grow up, Ill be a nurse and look after patients. 我长大后要当一名护士,照顾病人。7The house could fall down soon if no one _ some quick repair work.Ahas done Bis doing Cdoes Dhad done【答案】C【解析】考查时态。在if引导的条件状语从句中,当主句中含有情态动词时,从句用一般现在时。注意此处主句中
7、的could表示不太肯定的语气,不是一般过去时的标志。8I intend to buy that kind of clothes because I _ that they _ well.Ahave told; wash Bhave been told; washCwas told; washed Dhave been told; are washed【答案】B【解析】考察时态。根据题意,我想买那种衣服,因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内容为过去已经完成的动作,故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事实,过去存在,现在及将来都会存在,故用一般现在时态。选B。9In our
8、hometown, about 1,500 meters east of my house,_ an old temple_ back to the 17thcenturyAstands; dating Bis standing; datedCstanding; dated Dstand; dating【答案】A【解析】这题考查倒装句的用法:In our hometown, about 1,500 meters east of my house,是地点状语,位于句首时,句子用完全倒装,即将谓语置于主语前,主语是单数,用stands。第二空是date back to做定语修饰an old tem
9、ple,因为date back to不能用被动,所以是现在分词做定语。选A。10Many a woman_ important positions in society, which_impossible in the pastAholds; was Bhold ; were Cheld; was Dholding; were【答案】A【解析】第一空考查的是主谓一致。Many a+单数的可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;第二个空是有which引导的非限制性定语从句,根据in the past,应用过去式。所以选A。11The number of people who_ English as a f
10、oreign language_ more than 750 million.Alearns; is Blearn; are Clearns; are Dlearn; is【答案】D【解析】第一空先行词为people,故定语从句的谓语动词要用复数;the number of修饰名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。12I _ for Shanghai this Saturday, so I want to know when the earliest plane _.Aleave; takes off Bam leaving; takes offCleave; is taking off Dam le
11、aving; is taking off【答案】B【解析】这题考查时态,第一句时间是in a few days几天后,所以用进行时表将来时,第二句话问最早的飞机什么时候起飞,英语中:飞机,火车,汽车按时间表出发,到达,用一般现在时表将来时。13Her parents require that she _ her homework before she _ TV.Awill finish; watches Bfinishes; watchesCfinish; watches Dfinishes; will watch【答案】C【解析】考查后的宾语从句和时间状语从句。后的宾语从句用动词原形,其中可
12、以省略,第一空填;在宾语从句中,含有before引导的时间状语从句,主句是动词原形,则从句用一般现在时态,she是单数第三人称,故第二空填watches。由此可知答案为。14Look at the pride on Toms face. He _ to have been praised by the manager just now.Aseemed Bseems Chad seemed Dis seeming【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:看汤姆脸上骄傲的表情,他似乎已经被经理刚才表扬过。根据第一句中Look at可知,表示现在的状态,要用现在时态,故选B。15A new func
13、tion of Chinas official train ticket booking website _to boost buyers chances of obtaining a ticket during the upcoming Spring Festival travel rush.Awill be expected Bexpects Chas been expected Dis expected【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:中国火车票预订官网的一项新功能有望在即将到来的春运期间增加购票机会。be expected to do表示“有望”,常用于一般现在时,故D项正确。
14、16So far, Mike has spent about $28,000 on the house and _ it to cost about $38,000 when it is finished and furnished.Aexpected BexpectsChas expected Dwill expect【答案】B【解析】试题分析:根据语境和时间状语when it is finished and furnished可知该句要用一般现在时,A项为一般过去时,C项为现在完成时,D项为一般将来时,故选B。考点:考查时态17I want to buy that kind of clot
15、h because I _ the cloth _ well.Ahave told;washes Bhave been told;washesCwas told;washed Dhave been told;is washed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意:因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗,于是我想去买这种布。第一空中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响,且I与tell是被动关系,所以使用现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用,用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法,涉及“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不
16、及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下:1)系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来),sound(听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到)等,例如:Yourreasonsoundsreasonable. 你的理由听起来很合理。Goodmedicinetastesbittertothemouth.良药苦口。2)一些与cant(不能)或wont(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open(打开,营业),close(关门),cut(切割),weigh(重),act(上演),例如:Thedoorwontopen.这门
17、打不开。Itcantmove.它不能动。Thisshopopensmuchearlierthanitusedto.Eachstoneweighs2tons.3)一些与well(很),easily(容易地),perfectly(十分地)等连用的动词,如:sell,wash,clean,burn,cook,wash,write,last,read,wear等。这种“动词+副词”结构,常表示事物内部特有的属性。例如:Thebooksellswell. 这种书很畅销。Theseclotheswashwell.这些衣服很耐洗。4)用在“主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词,例如:Thism
18、aterialhaswornthin.这料子已磨薄了。 Thedusthasblownintothehouse.灰尘被风吹进了房子。Thiskindofclothwasheswellandlastslong. Thepenmyfathergavemeasabirthdaygiftwritessmoothly. WritteninsimpleEnglish,thisarticlereadseasily.5)某些不及物动词,如happen,occur,cost以及短语,如comeout(出版),comeup(出现),comeintobeing(产生)cometoonesmind(想起),turno
19、ut(证明是),comeabout(发生),breakout(爆发),belongto(属于)等,本身表被动含义,所以它们常用主动形式。ThefirsttextbookswrittenforteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe18thcentury.Suddenlyanideacametohismind.Itneveroccurredtometophoneyou.18Do you know what time _?Athe train leave Bdoes the train leaveCwill the train leave Dthe
20、 train leaves【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意:你知道火车什么时间离站么?表示按时刻表发生的动作用一般现在时表将来,此处用陈述语序,故D项正确。19The school in library my mother works in the east of the village.Awhose;lies Bwhich;lay Cwhich;lies Dwhich;lying【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和谓语动词。句意:我妈妈工作的图书馆所在的学校在村子的东边。第一空考查定语从句引导词,此处The school是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作定语,答案为whose;第二空
21、考查句子谓语动词,此处句子主语是The school,单数第三人称,结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态,答案为lies。故选A。20I pressed the button just now, but no copies came out.The machine _ well. You must have made an error in operation.Aruns BranChad run Dhas run【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意我刚才按了按钮,但是没有打印出来。这台机器运转良好,你一定是操作有误。表示事物的属性和状态用一般现在时,故A项正确。21Why are you so
22、 upset?I had my computer repaired yesterday, but it _ work again.Adoesnt BdidntCwont Dwouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意:你为什么这么沮丧?我昨天去修了我的电脑,但是它又坏了。根据上文的问句为一般现在时,可知描述的是目前的情况,故“电脑不工作”这件事也属于目前的情况,用一般现在时,且主语为第三人称单数,故助动词用does,选A。22-I didnt expect that John would be absent from my last Sundays birthday party.
23、- As far as I know, he _ to see his parents in the countryside on Sundays.Agoes BwentChas gone Dhad gone【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查时态。根据句中的时间状语on Sundays可知是每个周日,说明是经常发生的动作,故用一般现在时。句意:我没有预料到约翰会不参加我上个周日的生日聚会。据我所知,他星期天都会去乡下看望他的父母。故A正确。考点:考查时态23He will have learned the guitar for eight years by the time he _ from
24、the university next year.Awill graduate BgraduatesCwill have graduated Dis to graduate【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查时态分析。A. will graduate,一般将来时;B. graduates,一般现在时;C. will have graduated,将来完成时;D. is to graduate,be to 表将来,也是一般将来时。句意:到明年他大学毕业的时候,他将会是已经学了八年的英语。by the time引导的句子,遵从主将从现,故主句用了将来时态,从句应该用现在时态,而选项A,C,D三项都表将
25、来,故选B。考点:考查时态分析。24The father as well as his three children _ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.Ais going BgoCgoes Dare going【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:冬天的每个星期天下午,父亲和他的三个孩子都要在结冰的河上滑冰。as well as连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词应与前边的主语保持人称和数的一致,即句子的主语是the father,应用单数;由every Sunday afternoon in wint
26、er可知应用一般现在时态。故选C。25A Midsummer Nights Dream _ at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.Aopens Bis openedCwill open Dwill be opened【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词的时态。句意:句意:仲夏夜之梦于六月十九号在皇家剧院公演,然后在苏格兰各地巡回演出。open用作及物动词时意为“打开,张开,开设”;也可用作不及物动词意为“开张,开业”;主动形式表示被动意义,所以该题应选主动语态表示“开演”;仲夏夜之梦作为
27、一部戏剧,开演的时间是根据安排确定的,再结合后面的一般现在时tours判断,此处用一般现在时来表达按时间计划安排的将来动作,且主语是第三人称单数。故选A.【点睛】时态题的考查关键是抓住句子的上下文含义和句中的时间状语。要根据时间状语来选择合适的时态,在平时的学习中要注意积累有关时态的用法和各种时态的特殊之处。这句话没有明显的时间状语,要求考生通过上下文找出动作发生的时间。26I want to buy that kind of cloth because I_the cloth_well.Ahave told;washed Bhave been told;washesChave been to
28、ld;washed Dwas told;washes【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态句意:我想买这种布,因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。“我”和“告诉”是被动关系,且动作发生在过去,强调对现在的影响,所以需用完成时态的被动语态;一些动词wash,lock,sell,wear,read,open,shut,clean等,如果主语如果是物,且表示主语的特性或品质时,常用主动形式表示被动意义。the cloth washes well是指“这种布料很好洗”就是说明这种布料的特征的,应使用一般现在时。故选B。27To our surprise, Tom and John, neither of
29、 whom regular training, very excellent.Ahave gone through; is Bhas gone through; areChave gone through; are Dhas gone through; is【答案】B【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。neither of whom作主语,谓语动词用单数;Tom and John,谓语动词用复数。且这里neither of whom regular training,是插入语。句意:令我们惊讶的是,Tom和John都没有接受正规的训练,但是却表现得很出色。故选B。考点:考查时态和主谓一致28Playing a role in the hit show “Daddy, Where Are We Going?”, Kimi, together with the other four kids, _ popular with many teenagers now.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查主谓一致。在“爸爸我们去哪儿?”节目中扮演角色的Kimi,还有其他四个孩子,现在受很多青少年的欢迎。此处是动名词短语作主语,所以后面的谓语动词用
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