天津市最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题附答案.docx

1、天津市最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题附答案天津市最新 高考英语 阅读理解复习题(附答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 From quiet paths by a stream in a forest to busy roads running through a city, people have created various forms of routes in different places. These now exist all around us, and their use is imperative for societies. These routes have enab

2、led people to move, transport things, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely. Throughout history, they have been important in our daily lives. Early routes were often formed naturally on land. They gradually developed over long periods of time while people traveled them on

3、 foot or horseback. A significant turning point in their history arrived when the first wheeled carts appeared in ancient times. Once this happened, people recognized the importance of well-maintained routes. Therefore, towns, cities, and entire countries improved them. As a result, life became more

4、 convenient, communities grew, economies evolved, and cultures expanded. People have established routes on water, too. Rivers and canals have served as effective routes for people to move around and carry things. For instance, in the old, Japanese city of Edo, water routes were used for the transpor

5、tation of agricultural products, seafood, and wood. People have also opened routes across the sea. The seaways were critical for the navigation of ships, particularly in the days when they moved mainly by wind power. Using these sea routes, people could travel great distances, and go to places they

6、had not previously been able to reach. People have gone on to open routes in the sky as well. Since the invention of the airplane, they have made it possible to travel long distances easily. Eventually, people became able to travel safely and comfortably high in the sky, and going vast distances onl

7、y took a small amount of time. Today, we have a new type of route, the Internet. By using this worldwide route, people can easily obtain information that once was available mainly from books and face-to-face communication. They can also instantly send messages to large numbers of people all at once.

8、 As long as there have been people, there have been routes to connect them. Currently unknown routes will surely take us even further in the future.（1）Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the underlined word imperative in paragraph 1? A.accidentalB.industrialC.essentialD.traditional（2

9、）Why is the example of Edo introduced in paragraph 3? A.To describe the difficulty of creating routes on the water.B.To emphasize the fact that it was an important city.C.To explain the use of water routes to move along the coastlines.D.To illustrate the important roles of water routes for cities.（3

10、）What does paragraph 5 tell us about routes? A.Routes can be thought of as existing invisibly in the world.B.Routes that move information can be regarded as dangerous.C.The fundamental functions of routes are declining.D.The importance of different kinds of routes is the same.（4）What is the main ide

11、a of this article? A.Humankind first created various types of convenient routes on land.B.Improvements in transportation have come at great cost.C.Technology has interfered with opening up routes around the world.D.The advancement of humanity was aided by the development of routes.【答案】 （1）C（2）D（3）A（

12、4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了从最初的陆路到水路和空路，再到如今的互联网，这些路线促进了人类的进步和社会的发展。 （1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的These routes have enabled people to move, transport things, and send information from one place to another quickly and safely. Throughout history, they have been important in our daily lives.可知，这些路线使人们能够快速、安全地从一个地方到另一

13、个地方移动、运输物品和发送信息。纵观历史，它们在我们的日常生活中一直很重要，因此它们的使用对于社会来说是必不可少的，由此可知画线词词义为必要的，故选C。 （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的People have established routes on water, too. Rivers and canals have served as effective routes for people to move around and carry things.可知，人们也在水上建立了路线，河流和运河已经成为人们走动和搬运东西的有效途径，紧接着举日本江户这个例子就是为了证明这一点，即：水路对城

14、市有着重要作用，故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的Today, we have a new type of route, the Internet. By using this worldwide route, people can easily obtain information that once was available mainly from books and face-to-face communication.可知，如今，我们有一种新的路线互联网，通过使用这条世界性的途径，人们可以很容易地获得以前主要从书本和面对面的交流中获得的信息，与传统的陆路、水路以及空路相比，

15、互联网这种新的路线是无形的，由此可知，路线可以被认为是无形地存在于这个世界上，故选A。 （4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了从最初的陆路到水路和空路，再到如今的互联网，这些路线促进了人类的进步和社会的发展，由此可知，本文介绍的是人类的进步得益于路线的发展，故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Triple Olympic and world sprint(短跑) champion Usain Bolt of Jamaica said on M

16、onday he expects years of fast feats to ease doping doubts in athletics and has no plans to play American football. Appearing on ESPN programs and in light-hearted races outside the television sport networks studios, Bolt said he feels he must prove himself to a skeptical sports world in the wake of

17、 past doping scandals(诽谤). I have to prove myself to the world that you can run fast without it, Bolt said. Bolt cited the speeds he and countryman Asafa Powell and American Tyson Gay have achieved without positive doping tests. We just (have to) continue to run fast, Bolt said. In a couple of years

18、 everyone will continue to watch again and have less doubts. Bolt won gold in the 100m, 200 and 4x100 relay in world record times at last years Beijing Olympics and last month in Berlin set world records of 9.58 seconds in the 100 and 19.19 in the 200 and helped a relay title in a World Championship

19、s treble. I want to be a legend in the sport. For me its all a focus on winning championships after championships, Bolt said. I dont consider myself a legend. When I defend my titles I will consider myself a legend. Bolts defending of World and Olympic gold should be the feature attraction of the 20

20、11 IAAF World Championships in Daegu, South Korea, and the 2012 London Olympics.（1）Why does Usain Bolt say that he has no plans to play American football? A.Because he wants to ease doping doubts in athletics.B.Because he wants to show his fast feats.C.Because he is doubted by some people.D.Because

21、he runs fastest in the world.（2）How many times did Usain Bolt break the world records? A.three times.B.four times.C.five times.D.eight times.（3）What does the passage mainly tell us? A.Usain Bolt plans years of fast feats to ease doping doubts.B.Usain Bolt is doubted for his athletics.C.Usain Bolt se

22、t world records again in Berlin last month.D.Usain Bolt wants to a legend in the sport.（4）The passage can be read _. A.on TVB.on the InternetC.in a bookD.in a newspaper.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，本周一，来自牙买加的两届奥运会和世界短跑冠军博尔特(Usain Bolt)表示，他希望通过多年的快速成绩来缓解运动员服用兴奋剂的疑虑。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Tripl

23、e Olympic and world sprint（短跑） champion Usain Bolt of Jamaica said on Monday he expects years of fast feats to ease doping doubts in athletics and has no plans to play American football.”本周一，来自牙买加的两届奥运会和世界短跑冠军博尔特(Usain Bolt)表示，他希望通过多年的快速成绩来缓解运动员服用兴奋剂的疑虑，而且他没有踢美式足球的计划）可推知，因为人们对田径运动中兴奋剂的疑虑，他想平息这种疑虑，证明

24、没有兴奋剂也可以，所以选择继续跑步，没有踢美式足球的计划。故选A。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“Bolt won gold in the 100m, 200 and 4x100 relay in world record times at last years Beijing Olympics and last month in Berlin set world records of 9.58 seconds in the 100 and 19.19 in the 200 and helped a relay title in a World Championships treble.

25、”在去年的北京奥运会上，博尔特获得了100米、200米和4x100接力的金牌，打破了世界纪录，上个月在柏林，他以100米9.58秒和200米19.19秒的成绩打破了世界纪录，并帮助他在接力赛上夺取了世界锦标赛的三冠王，可知，博尔特在北京奥运会上打破了3次世界纪录，在柏林打破了2次世界纪录，总共打破过5次世界纪录。故选C。 （3）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“Appearing on ESPN programs and in light-hearted races outside the television sport networks studios, Bolt said he feels

26、he must prove himself to a skeptical sports world in the wake of past doping scandals（诽谤）.”博尔特出现在ESPN的节目中，并在电视体育网络的演播室外参加轻松愉快的比赛，他说，在过去的兴奋剂丑闻之后，他觉得自己必须向持怀疑态度的体育界证明自己，及下文博尔特所说的话可知，本文介绍了尤塞恩博尔特的田径运动受到了人们的质疑。故选B。 （4）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Triple Olympic and world sprint（短跑） champion Usain Bolt of Jamaica said o

27、n Monday he expects years of fast feats to ease doping doubts in athletics and has no plans to play American football.”本周一，来自牙买加的两届奥运会和世界短跑冠军博尔特(Usain Bolt)表示，他希望通过多年的快速成绩来缓解运动员服用兴奋剂的疑虑，而且他没有踢美式足球的计划，可推知，本篇文章极可能来自报纸。故选D。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概

28、括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 A society that lives by the plastic fork may very well die from it. Thats how things are looking. Anyway, for a world so used to disposable(一次性的) habits, any hope for a solution(解决方案) also increasingly seems to be buried. Sure, there have been some hopeful ideas. Boyan Slat, the

29、Dutch inventor developed a plan for Covering the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. Not long after it started, Slats system experienced material fatigue(疲劳)-likely the result of being strained(使受到压力) by all that trash-and the task was delayed. All the while, the plastic increases. Its growth is very fast,

30、 according to Linda Wang, a professor of chemical engineering at Purdue University. She says, Well have more plastic than fish by 2050. Yet Wang, along with other researchers at Purdue, may have a solution not only to this plastic problem, but also to the growing need for clean energy. Her team has

31、developed a system that turns waste, a durable, lightweight material that accounts for about a quarter of all plastic waste, into a highly pure form of gasoline. Publishing their findings in the journal Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, the scientists state that instead of making plastic go away, they can break it down and reuse it, using chemistry to destroy what chemistry brought to the world when plastic was developed back in 1907. The process uses supercritical water-heated to around 450 degrees Celsius (842 degrees Fahrenheit),beyond the key point at which distin