新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程第七单元课后答案.docx

1、新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程第七单元课后答案Text comprehensionI. B.II. 1. T;2. T;3. T;4. F;5. F.III.1. Paragraph 2. It is our society, which overemphasizes winning, considers failure a sin, and sees prosperity in the present as a sure sign of salvation in the future.2. Paragraph 4. Because the students may have a

2、cquired more or less knowledge out of the course than the grade indicates.3. Paragraph 5. His attitude is critical. He complains the exclusion of such important characteristics as courage, kindness, wisdom and good humor.4. Paragraph 8. It was to make a clear distinction between the student as class

3、room performer and the student as human being. So a low grade, at best, indicates an incompetent classroom performer, not an incompetent human being.5. Paragraph 9. He thinks social labels, including grades, are basically irrelevant and misleading, though necessary. But its not self-contradictory be

4、cause social labels are necessary as ways of distinction for job choice, not as reasons for attitude toward others or ourselves in human terms.IV.1. Being unsuccessful and disadvantaged is regarded as sinful because in this word people tend to think todays success can save one from evil in the futur

5、e.2. It is important to see the fact that although they differ in their class status and educational background, human beings are essentially the same. Biologically they are constructed in the same way, and they share the common feelings of fear and joy and the common experience of suffering and ach

6、ieving. This commonality has bound them together. All of them will regard wars, diseases, and disasters both private and public as unfortunate big events in their life time.Structural analysis of the text1. Paragraph 25. Key words: Disappointment. Main idea: Grades do not mean everything.2. Paragrap

7、h 68. Key words: The student as performer; the student as human being. Main idea: Getting a B in class does not mean one will always be a B performer in life.3. Paragraph 910. Key words: Perspective. Main idea: In a complex society like ours, labels are necessary but they should be kept in perspecti

8、ve.Section Four Consolidation ActivitiesPart one. Vocabulary AnalysisI.Phrase practice1. essence: inner nature; indispensable quality; the most important part本质，实质，精髓e.g. His works reflect the essence of fascism.他的作品反映出法西斯的本质。2. deadly sins: sins leading to damnation. (pride, covetousness, lust, ang

9、er, gluttony, envy and sloth, in Christianity)3. misleading: making you think or act wrongly误导，误入歧途e.g. He deliberately misled us about the nature of their relationship.关于他们究竟是什么关系，他故意给我们留下错误印象。This sentence has misled us into thinking that the answer was wrong.这句话误使我们认为那个答案是错误的。4. conventional task

10、: task traditionally required of students传统任务e.g. This conventional task is so easy that even a pupil can finish it.这个传统任务是如此简单，甚至小学生都能完成。5. in short supply: far from enough供给不足，缺乏e.g. The water and food for disaster area is in short supply.这些水和食物给灾区是远远不够的。Potatoes are in short supply because of the

11、 bad harvest.由于收成不好，现在马铃薯供应不足。II.1. define;2. irrelevant;3. correspond to;4. flunked;5. rather;6. makes a point of;7. apt to;8. go round.III.Word derivation. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate forms of the given words.1. His vision was nearly restored to normal after the removal (remove) of the

12、 tumor in his brain.2. The major issue of the conference was how to cope with the severe consequences resulting from the climatic (climate) changes on our planet.3. This company is in trouble and the latest plan for its salvation (salvage) has few supporters.4. It is said in the job ad that those wh

13、o apply for the vacancy should have proficiency (proficient) in at least two languages.5. Dont rely on the information she gave you its pure assumption (assume) on her part.6. The age of college students normally (norm) ranges from 18 to 22.7. The governments inaction to curb inflation and unemploym

14、ent caused strong resentment (resent) among the public.8. The Sichuan earthquake turned out to be the most disastrous (disaster) one the country has witnessed in the past one hundred years.1. remove v.消除，除去；脱掉removable a.可除去的，可移动的removal n.移动，移居；除去e.g.我们的家已从北京迁到上海。Our home has removed from Beijing t

15、o Shanghai.他脱下帽子表示敬意。He removed his hat as a sign of reverence.2. climate n.气候；风气climatic a.气候上的e.g.她很快就适应了这种多变的气候。She adapted herself quickly to the changeable climate.3. salvage v.打捞，抢救salvageable a.可抢救的，可打捞的salvation n.得救，拯救；赎罪e.g.房子里没有什么东西可救的了。There is nothing that is salvageable in the building

16、.天气干旱了这么久，这场雨成了农民的救星。After so much dry weather, the rain has been the farmers salvation.4. proficient a.熟练的，精通的proficiency n.熟练，精通e.g.我可以说对唱歌很在行。Id say I am quite proficient at singing.5. assume v.假定，设想；承担；认为assuming conj.假定，假如assumption n.假定，设想e.g.我以为你能讲流利的英语。I assumed you could speak English fluen

17、tly.假定那是真的，我们现在该怎么办？Assuming that it is true, what should we do now?6. norm n.标准，规范normal a.正常的，正规的normality n.常态normalize v.使正常，使标准化e.g.过了几天，洪水才退，生活恢复了正常。It was several days before the floodwater sank and life returned to normal.我们的关系正常了。Our relationship has been normalized.7. resent v.憎恨，生气resentm

18、ent n.怨恨，愤恨resentful a.不满的resentfulness n.怨恨，愤恨e.g.我非常讨厌别人侵占我的时间。.I bitterly resent the encroachment on my time.他对所受的待遇感到忿恨。He is resentful at the way he has been treated.8. disaster n.灾难disastrous a.灾难性的e.g.这场灾难过后，许多人既没有食物又没有住处。After the disaster there were many who wanted food and shelter.国家的经济形势非

19、常糟糕。The economic condition of the country is disastrous.IV.1. B;2. D;3. C;4. C;5. B;6. D;7. B;8. D.V. Synonym / Antonym: Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.1. The essence of success is that theres never enough of it to go round in a zero-sum

20、game where one persons winning must be offset by anothers losing Synonym: balanced, compensated2. The level of your proficiency has been determined by your performance of rather conventional tasks Antonym: unconventional3. But they are important: crucially so, because they are always in short supply

21、.Antonym: abundant, plentiful4. If you value these characteristics in yourself, you will be valued and far more so than those whose identities are measured only by little marks on a piece of paper.Synonym: evaluated, assessed5. There were a lot of us then: older than the norm, in a hurry to get our

22、degrees and move on Synonym: average6. It is important to recognize that human beings, despite differences in class and educational labeling, are fundamentally hewn from the same material and knit together by common bonds of fear and joy Synonym: essentially, basically7. But these distinctions shoul

23、d never be taken seriously in human terms Antonym: lightly, frivolously8. Even in achievement terms, your B label does not mean that you are permanently defined as a B achievement person.Antonym: temporarilyVI.Prefix: Write in each space one word that has the same prefix as underlined in each given

24、word.1. interfereinternational _2. transcend_ translate3. circumstances_ circumference4. neocolonialneoclassical5. controlconform6. antibioticantisocial7. unlockundo8. outnumberoutshine1. Explanation:inter-: betweene.g. interaction, interdependent, interconnect2. Explanation:trans-: across or beyond

25、e.g. transplant, transform, transatlantic3. Explanation:circum-: surroundinge.g. circumcision, circumlocution, circumspect4. Explanation:neo-: new, in a later forme.g. neonatal, neo-fascist, neo-Georgian5. Explanation:con-: strengthen or reinforcee.g. convince, constrain, conquer6. Explanation:anti-

26、: opposed to, againste.g. antiwar, antihero, antidote7. Explanation:un-: in verbs that describe the opposite of a processe.g. unfold, unload, unbend, uncut8. Explanation:out-: greater, better, further, etc.e.g. outgrow, outlive, outwitPart two.Grammar Exercises1.DisjunctA disjunct is a type ofadverb

27、ialthat expresses information that isnot considered essentialto the sentence it appears in, but which is considered to be the speakers or writersattitudetowards, ordescriptive statementof, the propositional content of the sentence.More generally, the term disjunct can be used to refer to any sentenc

28、e element that is not fully integrated into the clausal structure of the sentence. Such elements usually appear peripherally (at the beginning or end of the sentence) and are set off from the rest of the sentence by a comma (in writing) and a pause (in speech).e.g. Honestly, I couldnt believe it.Unf

29、ortunately, Kim has had to leave us.I. Practice: Rewrite the following sentences using proper disjuncts.1. Unfortunately, 2. It is hoped that the report will go out to shareholders no later than June 1.Hopefully, 3. It is odd enough that he did not raise any objection to the plan.Oddly enough, 4. Ri

30、ghtly, 5. Luckily, 6. Fortunately, 7. It is strange enough that the burglar should not have taken the diamond away.Strangely enough, II.Type 1 expresses a judgment on the whole and meanwhile thesubject, so three types of sentence structures can be used;Type 2 expresses no judgment on thesubject.1. It was right that / They were right to have .2. It was foolish that / It was foolish of the boy