新考研英语二真题及答案.docx

1、新考研英语二真题及答案2013全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题MBA, MPA, MPAcc 专业硕士统一考试Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)（本题答案在题号后）Given the advantage of electronic money, you might think that we should

2、move quickly to the cashless society in which all payments are made electronically. _1 However , a true cashless society is probably not around the corner. Indeed, predictions have been 2around_ for two decades but have not yet come to fruition.For example, Business Week predicted in 1975 that elect

3、ronic means of payment “would soon revolutionize the very of money itself,” only to itself several years later. Why has the movement to a cashless society been so in coming?Although e-money might be more convenient and may be more efficient than a payments system based on paper, several factors work

4、 the disappearance of the paper system. First, it is very to set up the computer, card reader, and telecommunications networks necessary to make electronic money the form of payment.Second, electronic means of payment security and privacy concerns. We often hear media reports that an unauthorized ha

5、cker has been able to access a computer database and to alter information there.Because this is not an occurrence, unscrupulous persons might be able to access bank accounts in electronic payments systems and funds by moving them from someone elses accounts into their own. The of this type of fraud

6、is no easy task, and a whole new field of computer science has developed to with security issues. A further concern is that the use of electronic means of payment leaves an electronic that contains a large amount of personal data on buying habits.1. A However B Moreover C Therefore D Otherwise2. A o

7、ff B back C over D around3. A power B concept C history D role4. A reward B resist C resume D reverse5. A silent B sudden C slow D steady6. A for B against Cwith D on7. A imaginative B expensive C sensitive D productive8. A similar B original C temporary D dominant9. A collect B provide C copy D pri

8、nt10. A give up B take over C bring back D pass down11. A before B after C since D when12. A kept B borrowed C released D withdrawn13. A Unless B Until C Because D Though14. A hide B express C raise Dease15. A analyzed B shared C stored D displayed16. A unsafe B unnatural C uncommon D unclear17. A s

9、teal B choose C benefit D return18. A consideration B prevention C manipulation D justification19. A cope with B fight against C adapt to D call for20. A chunk B chip C path D trailSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by

10、 choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1In an essay, entitled “Making It in America,” in the latest issue of The Atlantic, the author Adam Davidson relates a joke from cotton country about just how much a modern textile mill has been automated: The average mill

11、has only two employees today, “a man and a dog. The man is there to feed the dog, and the dog is there to keep the man away from the machines.”Davidsons article is one of a number of pieces that have recently appeared making the point that the reason we have such stubbornly high unemployment and sag

12、ging middle-class incomes today is largely because of the big drop in demand because of the Great Recession, but it is also because of the quantum advances in both globalization and the information technology revolution, which are more rapidly than ever replacing labor with machines or foreign worke

13、rs.In the past, workers with average skills, doing an average job, could earn an average lifestyle. But, today, average is officially over. Being average just wont earn you what it used to. It cant when so many more employers have so much more access to so much more above average cheap foreign labor

14、, cheap robotics, cheap software, cheap automation and cheap genius. Therefore, everyone needs to find their extra their unique value contribution that makes them stand out in whatever is their field of employment. Average is over.Yes, new technology has been eating jobs forever, and always will. As

15、 they say, if horses could have voted, there never would have been cars. But theres been an acceleration. As Davidson notes, “In the 10 years ending in 2009, . factories shed workers so fast that they erased almost all the gains of the previous 70 years; roughly one out of every three manufacturing

16、jobs about 6 million in total disappeared.”What the iPad wont do in an above average way a Chinese worker will. Consider this paragraph from Sundays terrific article in The Times by Charles Duhigg and Keith Bradsher about why Apple does so much of its manufacturing in China: “Apple had redesigned th

17、e iPhones screen at the last minute, forcing an assembly-line overhaul. New screens began arriving at the Chinese plant near midnight. A foreman immediately roused 8,000 workers inside the companys dormitories, according to the executive. Each employee was given a biscuit and a cup of tea, guided to

18、 a workstation and within half an hour started a 12-hour shift fitting glass screens into beveled frames. Within 96 hours, the plant was producing over 10,000 iPhones a day. The speed and flexibility is breathtaking, the executive said. Theres no American plant that can match that. ”And automation i

19、s not just coming to manufacturing, explains Curtis Carlson, the chief executive of SRI International, a Silicon Valley idea lab that invented the Apple iPhone program known as Siri, the digital personal assistant. “Siri is the beginning of a huge transformation in how we interact with banks, insura

20、nce companies, retail stores, health care providers, information retrieval services and product services.”There will always be change new jobs, new products, new services. But the one thing we know for sure is that with each advance in globalization and the . revolution, the best jobs will require w

21、orkers to have more and better education to make themselves above average. Here are the latest unemployment rates from the Bureau of Labor Statistics for Americans over 25 years old: those with less than a high school degree, percent; those with a high school degree and no college, percent; those wi

22、th some college or associate degree, percent; and those with bachelors degree or higher, percent.In a world where average is officially over, there are many things we need to do to buttress employment, but nothing would be more important than passing some kind of . Bill for the 21st century that ens

23、ures that every American has access to post-high school education.21. The joke in Paragraph 1 is used to illustrate_A the impact of technological advancesB the alleviation of job pressureC the shrinkage of textile millsD the decline of middle-class incomes22. According to Paragraph 3, to be a succes

24、sful employee, one has to_A work on cheap softwareB ask for a moderate salaryC adopt an average lifestyleD contribute something unique23. The quotation in Paragraph 4 explains that _A gains of technology have been erasedB job opportunities are disappearing at a high speedC factories are making much

25、less money than beforeD new jobs and services have been offered24. According to the author, to reduce unemployment, the most important is_A to accelerate the . revolutionB to ensure more education for peopleC ro advance economic globalizationD to pass more bills in the 21st century25. Which of the f

26、ollowing would be the most appropriate title for the text?A New Law Takes EffectB Technology Goes CheapC Average Is OverD Recession Is BadText 2Imagine a new immigration policyA century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic included settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking t

27、o make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and who would make some money and then go home. Between 1908 and 1915, about 7 million people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for example, eventually returned to I

28、taly for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, uccelli di passaggio, birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or brand them as aliens fit for deportation.

29、That framework has contributed mightily to our broken immigration system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it.We dont need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recogni

30、ze the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and particle physicists are among todays birds of passage. They are energ

31、etic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas. They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them. They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home ca