英语四级三套阅读题集合.docx

1、英语四级三套阅读题集合2016年6月大学英语四级真题（第1套)Part WritingDirections：For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to express your thanks to your parents or any family members upon making memorable achievement. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.Part Reading Comprehension

2、Section APhysical activity does the body good, and theres growing evidence that it helps the brain too. Researchers in the Netherlands report that children who get more exercise, whether at school or on their own, 26 to have higher GPAs and better scores on standardized tests. In a 27 of 14 studies

3、that looked at physical activity and academic 28 investigators found that the more children moved, the better their grades were in school, 29 in the basic subjects of math, English and reading.The data will certainly fuel the ongoing debate over whether physical education classes should be cut as sc

4、hools struggle to 30 on smaller budgets. The arguments against physical education have included concerns that gym time may be taking away from study time. With standardized test scores in the U.S. 31 in recent years, some administrators believe students need to spend more time in the classroom inste

5、ad of on the playground. But as these findings show, exercise and academics may not be 32 exclusive. Physical activity can improve blood 33 to the brain, fueling memory, attention and creativity, which are 34 to learning. And exercise releases hormones that can improve 35 and relieve stress, which c

6、an also help learning. So while it may seem as if kids are just exercising their bodies when theyre running around, they may actually be exercising their brains as well.A) attendance E) dropping I) mood M) reviewB) consequently F) essential J) mutually N) surviveC) current G) feasible K) particularl

7、y O) tendD) depressing H) flow L) performance Section BFinding the Right Homeand Contentment, TooA When your elderly relative needs to enter some sort of long-term care facilitya moment few parents or children approach without fearwhat you would like is to have everything made clear.B Does assisted

8、living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home, or has the industry simply hired better interior designers？ Are nursing homes as bad as people fear, or is that an out-moded stereotype （固定看法）？ Can doing ones homework really steer families to the best places？ It is genuinely hard to know.C

9、 I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed. And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who

10、are going to move in. I am not talking about the quality of care, let me hastily add. Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record. But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have lit

11、tle real bearing on how well residents do.D The most recent of these studies, published in The journal of Applied Gerontology, surveyed 150 Connecticut residents of assisted living, nursing homes and smaller residential care homes （known in some states as board and care homes or adult care homes）. R

12、esearchers from the University of Connecticut Health Center asked the residents a large number of questions about their quality of life, emotional well-being and social interaction, as well as about the quality of the facilities.E “We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,” sai

13、d the lead author of the study, Julie Robison, an associate professor of medicine at the university. A reasonable assumptiondont families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they cant？F In the initial results, assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture. They w

14、ere less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities, for instance, and less likely to be bored or lonely. They scored higher on social interaction.G But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables, such differences disappeared. It is not the housing ty

15、pe, they found, that creates differences in residents responses. “It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in, combined with their own personal characteristicshow healthy they feel they are, their age and marital status,” Dr. Robison explained. Whether residents felt involved i

16、n the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.H An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health, therefore, might be no less depressed in assisted living （even if her children preferred it） than in a nursing home. A person who bad input into where he woul

17、d move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well in a nursing home as in a small residential care home, other factors being equal. It is an interaction between the person and the place, not the sort of place in itself, that leads to better or worse experiences. “You cant just say, Lets put th

18、is person in a residential care home instead of a nursing homeshe will be much better off,” Dr. Robison said. What matters, she added, “is a combination of what people bring in with them, and what they find there.”I Such findings, which run counter to common sense, have surfaced before. In a multi-s

19、tate study of assisted living, for instance, University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variablesthe facilitys type, size or age； whether a chain owned it； how attractive the neighborhood washad no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness, mental dec

20、line, hospitalizations or mortality. What mattered most was the residents physical health and mental status. What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what happened one they were there.J As I was considering all this, a press release from a respected research firm crossed

21、my desk, announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home quality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are. As a matter of fact, consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star f

22、acilities, the lowest rated, than with the five-star ones. （More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent post.）K Before we collectively tear our hair outhow are we supposed to find our way in a landscape this confusing？here is a thought from Dr. Philip Sloane, a geriatrician（老

23、年病学专家）at the University of North Carolina：”In a way, that could be liberating for families.”L Of course, sons and daughters want to visit the facilities, talk to the administrators and residents and other families, and do everything possible to fulfill their duties. But perhaps they dont have to tur

24、n themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees. “Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,” Dr. Sloane said. And involving the future resident in the process can be very important.M We all have our own ideas about what would bring our parents

25、 happiness. They have their ideas, too. A friend recently took her mother to visit an expensive assisted living/nursing home near my town. I have seen this placeit is elegant, inside and out. But nobody greeted the daughter and mother when they arrived, though the visit had been planned； nobody intr

26、oduced them to the other residents. When they had lunch in the dining room, they sat alone at a table.N The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there, and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility. Based on what is emerging from some of this research, that might have been as

27、rational a way as any to reach a decision.36. Many people feel guilty when they cannot find a place other than a nursing home for their parents.37. Though it helps for children to investigate care facilities, involving their parents in the decision-making process may prove very important.38. It is r

28、eally difficult to tell if assisted living is better than a nursing home.39. How a resident feels depends on an interaction between themselves and the care facility they live in.40. The author thinks her friend made a rational decision in choosing a more hospitable place over an apparently elegant a

29、ssisted living home.41. The system Medicare developed to rate nursing home quality is of little help to finding a satisfactory place.42. At first the researchers of the most recent study found residents in assisted living facilities gave higher scores on social interaction.43. What kind of care faci

30、lity old people live in may be less important than we think.44. The findings of the latest research were similar to an earlier multi-state study of assisted living.45. A residents satisfaction with a care facility has much to do with whether they had participated in the decision to move in and how l

31、ong they had stayed there.Section CPassage OneAs Artificial Intelligence（AI） becomes increasingly sophisticated, there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat. This danger can be avoided, according to computer science professor Stuart Russell, if we figure out how to turn human values

32、 into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks, its necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example, if a robot does chores around the house, you wouldnt want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. “You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values,” said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values. For example, mobile robots have b