情态动词分类详解.docx

1、情态动词分类详解情态动词分类详解一、单项选择情态动词1-Mary knows the city quite well.-She_ well have been there before.Aneed Bcould Cshould Dmay【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：Mary非常了解这个城市。她肯定以前在那里呆过。may have done过去可能做过某事。表示对过去的肯定猜测。need have done本需要做某事却没做；could have done本可以做某事却没做；should have done本应该做某事却没做。故选D。2I have something

2、 important to tell John. But I cant find him.His cell phone is here, so he _ have gone too far.Amustnt BneedntCwouldnt Dcant【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能，用cant have done。故选D。3The accident which left 15 people on board dead _ if both the

3、angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.Ashould have avoided Bshould be avoidedCcould have avoided Dcould have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”，且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系，结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构

4、：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测，might的语气比may弱

5、一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could。如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余。如：I neednt have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to /

6、should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成，通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have ac

7、ted like that.4Its really great to have a computer to store my photos.Dont count on it too much. It _ break down and youd better make a copy of them.Amust BcanCshould Dwill【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。不要过度依赖它。它有时候也会出故障，你最好做一个备份。计算机出故障这是可能的事情，表示客观可能性用can。must肯定，必须；should应该；will表意愿。故B选项正确。5

8、He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he _ be quite charming when he wishes.Ashall BshouldCcan Dmust【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可以变得相当可爱。此处表示“能、可以”，故C项正确。6- Turn off the TV, Jack. _ your homework now?- Mum, just ten more minutes, please.AWill you be doing BShould you be doingCShoul

9、dnt you be doing DCouldnt you be doing【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查含情态动词的进行时态。句意：把电视关掉，杰克。你现在不应该做作业吗?妈妈，请再给我十分钟。此处表示目前应该在做某事，should“应该”，这里用含情态动词的进行时态，故选C。7I often felt troubled in my teens and my grandma _ comfort me, saying “Life is like that, dear”.Awould Bmight Cshould Dmust【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：在我十几岁的时候，我经常感

10、到烦恼，我的奶奶会安慰我说，“生活就是这样，亲爱的”。此处是would+动词原形，表示“过去总是做某事”。故选A。8It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.Amay Bcan Cmust Dshould【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表猜测的用法。句意：一定是汤姆把车停在这儿的，因为他是唯一有车的人。A. may可能；B. can可能；C. must一定；D. should应该。由as he is the only one with a car.可知一定是他把车停在这里的，非

11、常有把握的肯定推测，故选C。9The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day _ get a big prize.Amust BcouldCwould Dshall【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词的用法。句意：新开业的超市宣布，开业当天首先购物的人会得到大奖。shall 用于二三人称的陈述句中可以表示说话人的承诺，命令，警告等，此处表示超市的承诺，故选D。10 I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn

12、t you drive him there? I _. But my car _ .Awould; was fixed Bwould have; was fixedCwould have; was being fixed Ddid; was being fixed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意：-我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢？-我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情，应该用would have done；而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候，表示过去正在进行的动作，故答案选C。11Frankly

13、 speaking, I am not sure whether I _ this in the old days with that kind of equipment, which looks quite odd and ridiculous.Ashould have done Bneed have done Cwould have done Dmust have done【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：坦率地说，我不确定在过去我是否会用这种设备做这件事，这看起来很奇怪和可笑。A. should have done表示本应该做某事，而实际上没有做某事；B.

14、 need have done表示本来需要做某事而没有做；C. would have done虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”；D. must have done表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”。由“in the old days”可知，本句表示对过去事情的假设。故选C项。12Tony _ what I did annoying though he didnt say anything.So you think you will have to make an apology?Acould find Bshould have foundCmight find D

15、must have found【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：Tony一定觉得我做的事很烦人，尽管他什么也没说。所以你认为你得道歉吗?。由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。【点睛】情态动词+ have done结构：1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2.“can / could + have

16、+ 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He cant have finished the work so soon.3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn

17、t have bought so much wineonly five people came.5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有） He oughtnt to / shouldnt have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了） 6.“would have 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜

18、测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldnt have acted like that.分析句子可知，由“what I did”可知，此处是对过去事情有把握的推测，must have done“一定是做某事了”。故选D项。13What a pity! Considering his ability and experience

19、, he _ it better.Aneed have done Bmust have doneCcan have done Dmight have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意：真遗憾啊！考虑到他的能力和经验，他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构，表示对过去行为的怀疑；用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑；need have done需要做某事，实际上却未做（表示虚拟语气）；must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测）；might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或

20、“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。故D正确。【点睛】本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。cant have done过去不可能做了某事；shouldnt have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做；neednt have done本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustnt have done的形式。14I dont really like Janes. Why did you invite him?Dont worry. He come. He said

21、he wast certain what his plans were.Amust not Bneed not Cwould not Dmight not【答案】D【解析】考察情态动词，题干中的he wasnt certain说明他可能不来，可能来，因此使用不完全否定，might not。15Im sorry, but you _ go wrong. Theres no such man here.Aneed Bcan Cmust Dwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：很抱歉，但是你一定是弄错了。这儿没有这么个人。A. need需要；B. can能够；C. must必须；D.

22、 will将会。must指有把握的推测，“一定；必定”，结合下文Theres no such man here.可知一定是弄错了。故选C。16According to a newly released regulation on online video services, no one _ generate, release or spread fake news or information by using such technologies.Acan Bshall Cwill Dmay【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：根据最新发行的关于网络视频服务的规章，任何人都不可以使用

23、此类技术生成、发行或者传播虚假消息。A. can 能够，有时会；B. shall 一三人称表示征求对方意见； 二三人称陈述句，表示允诺、威胁、恐吓或法律条文的规定。C. will 意愿；D. may 也许，可能。根据前面的regulation（规定）可知，本题选shall更加合理。故选B。17You _ give me a lift. I want to walk home for exercise.Aneednt Bcouldnt Ccant Dmustnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必让我搭车。我想步行回家锻炼身体。A. neednt不必；B. couldnt不能；C

24、. cant不会；D. mustnt禁止，不允许。根据I want to walk home for exercise.可知，你不必让我搭车。故选A。考点：考查情态动词18AI will surely be a feature of future life, but it _ be used responsibly and in a proper way.Acan Bneed Cmust Dwill【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征，但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。A. can能够；B. need需要；C. must必须；D. will将

25、会。此处为情态动词的一般用法，结合句意表示“必须”，故选C。19He _ writing the paper now. He hadnt written a single word when I left him ten minutes ago.Ashouldnt be Bcant have finishedCcant be Dmustnt have finished【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推测句。句意：他现在不可能写完了卷子。我十分钟之前留下他时，他还没有写一个字。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为cant have done不可能做某事，故选B项。【点睛】本题考查推

26、测句对过去情况的肯定推测是must have done对过去情况的否定推测是cant/couldnt have done例如:The ground is wet, so it must have rained last night.He cant have finished his work, because he played basketball all day yesterday.20-Is Jack still in hospital?-Yes. He _ the bad food.Awouldnt eat Bshouldnt eatCwouldnt have eaten Dshoul

27、dnt have eaten【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意;-杰克孩子医院吗？-是，他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物，所以排除AB，这里的shouldnt have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”，wouldnt have done过去本不会做而做了，所以选D。考点：考查情态动词和虚拟语气21- I called you last night, but no one answered.- Sorry, I _ sleeping.Amust have doneBwould have beenCmust beDcould be【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：昨晚我

28、给你打电话了，但没人接。对不起，我一定是睡着了。分析可知，前文提及打电话无人应答，后文解释原因：肯定睡着了。情态动词must可用于must be+v-ing 表示“过去肯定在做某事”，符合句意要求。故选C项。22Peter searched all the places where he_have left her iPad but it was all in vain.Amight Bwould Cmust Dshould【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：彼得找遍了所有他可能放她的iPad的地方，但都没有找到。A. might可能；B. would将会；C. must必须，一

29、定；D. should应该。might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故选A。23According to the latest rule, people _sort household garbage into four categories.Acan Bshall Cmay Dneed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：根据最新的规定，人们应该把生活垃圾分成四类。A. can能；B. shall应该；C. may也许；D. need需要。shall用于第二人称表示承诺、命令、警告、威胁的口吻，这里是指法令规定了，因

30、此用shall。故选B。24Skills like critical thinking and analysis _ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.Acant Bneednt Cmustnt Dshouldnt【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：像批判性思维和分析这样的能力，是不能在互联网上找到的，因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. cant无法，不可能；B. neednt不需要；C. mustnt不可以，禁止；D. shouldnt不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙混杂的网上信息获得，表达的是客观上的不可能，故选A。25Although you _ find bargains in London, its not generally a cheap place to shop.Ashould Bneed Cmust Dcan【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动