最全面人教版八年级下册英语第五单元知识点归纳总结.docx

1、最全面人教版八年级下册英语第五单元知识点归纳总结Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、词汇与短语 重点单词A部分1rainstorm 暴风雨 n.2window 窗；窗户 n.3alarm 闹钟 n.4flashlight 手电筒；火炬 n.5suddenly 突然；忽然 adv.6match 火柴 n.7strange 奇特的；奇怪的 adj.8against 倚；碰；撞 prep.9storm 暴风雨 n.10asleep 睡着 adj.11begin 开始 v.12rise 升起；增加；提高 v.&n.13heavily

2、 在很大程度上；大量地 adv.14fallen 倒下的；落下的 adj.15wind 风 n.16apart 分离；分开 adv.17light 光；光线；光亮 n.18icy 覆盖着冰的；冰冷的 adj.19report 报道；公布 v.&n.20kid 开玩笑；欺骗 v.21area 地域；地区 n.22beat 敲打；打败 v.23wood 木；木头 n.B部分1realize 理解；领会；认识到 v.2recently 不久前；最近 adv.3passage 章节；段落 n.4terrorist 恐怖主义者；恐怖分子 n.5pupil 小学生 n.6date 日期；日子 n.7com

3、pletely 彻底地；完全地 adv.8tower 塔；塔楼 n.9shocked 惊愕的；受震惊的 adj.10truth 实情；事实 n.11silence 沉默；缄默；无声 n. 重点短语A部分1pick up ( = pick up the phone) 接电话2have a look 看一看3die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失4at the bus stop 在公交车站5go off (闹钟)发出响声6wait for 等待7go to work 去上班8rain heavily 下大雨9see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事10begin to do sth.

4、开始做某事11take a shower 洗淋浴12at that time 在那时13so many times 这么多次14feel like 感觉像15need help with sth. 需要(方面)帮助16make sure 确保17with no light outside 外面没有灯光18help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事19putover 把覆盖在上20make dinner 做晚饭21put sth. on the table 把某物放在桌子上22play a card game 玩纸牌游戏23beat heavily against the win

5、dows 猛烈地敲打着窗户24get to the place of the accident到达事故发生地25have fun 玩得愉快26wake up 醒来；叫醒27at first 起初；起先28in times of difficulty 在困难时29fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着30right away 立刻；马上31go outside with sb. 和某人一起出去32in the library 在图书馆33find sth. in a mess 发现一片狼藉34on the street 在大街上35break sth. apart 把某物折断(或分开)B部分1i

6、n silence 沉默；无声2in history 在历史上3take down 拆除；往下拽；记录4remember doing sth. 记得做过某事5make ones way 前往；费力地前进6look out of the window 向窗外看7the school basketball competition学校篮球比赛8have meaning to sb.对某人来说有意义9walk by 从旁边经过10point sth. out to sb. 向某人指岀某物11by the side of the road 在路边12go away 离开13at the event 在这

7、次活动中14as well 也15be late for 迟到16call out the winner 宣布获胜者17on this day 在这一天1810 minutes ago 十分钟前19on April 4 在四月四日20be completely shocked 完全震惊了21an important event 一次重要的事件22the rest of 其余的23on the radio 在收音机上 重点句子A部分1What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?昨天暴风雨来临时人们正在干什么？2whe

8、n the rain storm suddenly came, what were you doing?当暴风雨突然来临时，你正在做什么？3So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.因此在你睡觉的时候，我打电话给珍妮，她帮了我。4After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside. 晚饭后，他们原本想打一下牌，但外面的暴风雨太大了，太难有心情打

9、牌了。5When you called, I was taking a shower. 当你打电话时，我正在洗淋浴。6With no light outside, it felt like midnight. 外面没有灯光，就像午夜一样。B部分1I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that.我是如此害怕，以至于我几乎不能清楚地想起那之后的事。2We were eating dinner in the kitchen when we heard the news on the radio.当我们在收音机上听到这个消息的时

10、候，我们正在厨房吃晚饭。3I had trouble thinking clearly after that because I was very afraid.我难以清楚地想起那之后的事，因为我很害怕。4My parents were completely shocked! 我的父母完全震惊了！5But when I pointed it out to my friend, it went away.但当我向朋友指出它时，它消失了。6While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people ha

11、d seen the light as well. 当我哥哥在笑的时候，电视新闻报道说其他人也看到了那道光亮。 重点单词变形A部分1sudden(形容词)suddenly(副词)2gowent (过去式)3begin-began(过去式)beginning(现在分词)4heavy (形容词)heavily (副词)5strange (形容词)stranger (名词)6wind (名词)windy (形容词)7sleep (名词)asleep/sleepy (形容词)8matchmatches (复数)9beatbeat (过去式)10riserose (过去式)11ice (名词)icy (

12、形容词)12kidkidding (现在分词)13fallfell (过去式)fallen (过去分词)B部分1recent (形容词)recently (副词)2taketook (过去式)3silent (形容词)silence (名词)4makemade (过去式)5complete (形容词)completely (副词)6realizerealized (过去式)7true(形容词)truly(副词)truth(名词)8shock (动词)shocked(形容词)二、语法知识点A部分知识点1过去进行时 去进行时的构成及用法过去进行时由“助动词(was/were)+动词-ing”构成，

13、表示在过去某一时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作。这一特定的过去时间除有上下文暗示以外，一般用过去的时间状语来表示。如：then, at that time, at this time yesterday, at 10:00 yesterday morning, all right以及when/while从句等。 表示过去时间点正在进行的动作。此时常伴明确的过去时间点等。eg：She was reading a book at this time yesterday.（过去时间点正在进行的动作）昨天这个时候她正在看书。I was watching TV then. 那时我正在看电视。（过去时间点正

14、在进行的动作） 表示过去的某个阶段持续的动作。eg：She was watching TV when the phone rang.（过去一段时间内持续的动作）她正在看电视，这时电话铃响了。 表示这去阶段反复发生的动作，带有褒贬感情色彩。此时常伴有频度副词always等。eg：The girl was always changing her mind.（过去反复发生的动作，带有感情色彩）这个女孩老是改变主意。 表示过去动作延迟到以后发生，即用过去进行表过去将来，此类动词是一些位置的变化的词。eg：He told me that he was going soon.（过去进行表将来）他告诉我他很

15、快就要走了。 过去进行时的结构 过去进行时的肯定句句型：主语+be（was/were）+现在分词+其他.主语be动词过去分词其他成分I（第一人称单数）wasV.（动词）+ing其他he, she, it（第三人称单数）wasyou（第二人称单数/复数）werewe, they（第一、三人称复数）wereeg：He was strolling around the park at this time yesterday.昨天这个时候，他正在公园散步。I was watching TV then. 那时我正在看电视。She was playing the piano when the bell r

16、ang. 当铃声响时，她正在弹钢琴。When I came home, they were cooking in the kitchen. 当我回家时，他们正在厨房做饭。 过去进行时的否定句句型：主语+be（was/were）+not+现在分词+其他.主语be动词否定词not过去分词其他成分I（第一人称单数）waswas not(wasnt)V.（动词）+ing其他he, she, it（第三人称单数）waswas not(wasnt)you（第二人称单数/复数）werewere not(werent)we, they（第一、三人称复数）werewere not(werent)eg：He wa

17、snt taking a bath then. 那时他没在洗澡。I wasnt watching TV at nine oclock last night. 昨天晚上9点钟，我没在看电视。He wasnt reading when I came home. 我回家时他没在看书。When he knocked at the door, we werent doing our homework.当他敲门时，我们没在写作业。They werent having supper then. 那时他们没在吃晚饭。 过去进行时的一般疑问句句型：Be（Was/Were）+主语+现在分词+其他?肯定回答：Yes

18、,主语+be(was/were).否定回答：No,主语+be(was/were) not.eg：Were you cooking at that time? 那时，你在做饭吗？Yes, I were.是的。/No,I werent. 不，我没有做饭。Was he singing then? 那时他正在唱歌吗？Yes, he was. 是的。/No,he wasnt. 不，他那时没在唱歌。Were you listening to music last night? 昨天晚上你在听音乐吗？Yes, I were. 是的。/No,I were not. 不，我没有在听音乐。 过去进行时的特殊疑问句

19、句型：疑问词+be（was/were）+主语+现在分词+其他?eg：What was he doing when I called you? 我给你打电话时他在做什么？What was he doing at the time of the fire yesterday? 昨天起火时，他在做什么呢？He was studying at the library then? 那时他正在图书馆学习。When were you dancing yesterday? 你（们）昨天什么时候在跳舞？I was/We were dancing at ten last night. 昨天晚上10点钟我（们）在跳

20、舞。 现在分词变化形式（+ing）（直 去 双 少）变化规则例词一般情况下直接加-ingreadreadingjumpjumpingsleepsleeping以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去掉e再加-ingtaketakingwritewritingwakewaking以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，双写该辅音字母后再加-ingrunrunningswimswimmingputputting少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y,再加-ingdie死亡dyinglie躺下lyingtie捆绑tying注意：以y结尾的动词变为过去分词时，y不变，直接加上-ing。eg：playplayi

21、ng studystudying flyflying2at the time ofat the time of为固定短语，意为“在时候”。eg：What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?昨天暴风雨时人们 在做什么？He lived at the time of the Second World War. 他生活在第二次世界大战时期。3begin与startstart与begin表示“开始”时是同义词，二者通常可以互换，其后均既可接动词不定式，也可接v.-ing形式，在意义上无差别。at the beginning

22、 of意为“在开始”eg：He sat down at the desk and began to write. 他在桌子前坐下就开始写了起来。She began learning English at the age of 8. 她8岁开始学英语。 当start或begin用于进行时态时，其后只能接动词不定式。eg：They are starting/beginning to learn English.他们开始学英语。 当start或begin后面的宾语是表示心理活动的动词，如feel, know, understand等时，其后只能接动词不定式。eg：She started/began

23、to understand it. 她开始明白这件事。4miss的用法 miss作及物动词，意为“没赶上；错过”。eg：I ran to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.我跑到公共汽车站，但还是没赶上公共汽车。Hurry up, or you will miss your train. 快点儿，要不你就赶不上火车了。She was upset at missing all the excitements. 错过了所有精彩之处，她很失望。 miss作及物动词，意为“想念；思念”。eg：I miss my family very much. 我非常想

24、念我的家人。 miss作及物动词，意为“缺（课）”。eg：The boy often missed classes last term. 那个男孩儿上学期经常缺课。5when与while作从属连词when作从属连词，意为“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词既可以是非延续性动词，也可以是延续性动词；谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间可以与主句谓语动词表示的动作是同时、之前或之后。while作从属连词，意为“当的时候，在期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。eg：when the rai

25、nstorm suddenly came, what were you doing?So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.因此在你睡觉的时候，我打电话给珍妮，她帮了我。My mother was cooking supper when I got home.当我到家的时候，我妈妈正在 做晚饭。She began to play the piano when she was five years old.He stopped his car when he saw me. 当他看到我的时候，他把车停了下来。He

26、fell asleep while he was listening to music. 他在听音乐时睡着了。While we were talking, he came in. 我们在谈话时，他进来了。6pick up的用法pick up为“动词+副词”型短语，意为“接电话”，相当于pick up the phone；pick up还可意为“捡起；接（某人）”。eg：I called at seven and you didnt pick up. 我7点钟打电话，你没有接。The phone is ringing. Could you please pick up for me?电话响了。请

27、你帮我接一下好吗？My ruler is under your desk. Please pick it up for me.我的尺子在你的桌子底下。请帮我捡起来。Can you pick me up at the airport? 你能到机场接我吗？7too，also，either与as welltoo一般用于肯定句或疑问句末，意为“也”，并用逗号隔开。as well一般用于肯定句或疑问句末，意为“也”，不用逗号隔开。also用于肯定句中，常位于系动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之前，意为“也”either一般用于否定句句末，意为“也（不）”eg：I called again at ei

28、ght and you didnt answer then, either.我8点钟又打电话，你那时也没接。Mary didnt come to school yesterday, either. 玛丽昨天也没来学校。She speaks English and she also speaks French. 她说英语，也说法语。Are you going to work, too? 你也去上班吗？He has to go as well. 他也得去。8light的用法 light作不可数名词，意为“光；光亮；光线”。eg：With no light outside, it felt like

29、 midnight. 外面没有光亮，感觉像是半夜一样。He read the letter by the light of the candle. 他在烛光下读那封信。 light作形容词，意为“轻的；浅色的”。eg：Is the box heavy or light? 那个箱子是重的还是轻的？You look nice in light colors. 你穿浅色很好看。 light(lit/lighted)作动词，意为“点燃；照亮”eg：I couldnt get the candles to light. 我点不着蜡烛。9outside的用法outside由“out + side”构成，outside可用作形容词，副词，介词和名词。具体如下： 形容词adj. 外部的，室外的，外面的；外表的eg：The outside parts of some fruits are not good to eat. 有些水果的外部不好吃。The outside walls are damp. 外墙潮湿。 介词prep. 向外面，在外面。 eg：Outside the house there was a notice saying “For Sale”. 房子外面有一张告示，上面写着“出售”。You can park your car outside our house . 你可以把车停在我