测绘学名词摄影测量与遥感部分.docx

1、测绘学名词摄影测量与遥感部分测绘学名词（摄影测量与遥感部分）03.001摄影测量学photogrammetry 03.002卫星摄影测量satellite photogrammetry 03.003摄影学photography 03.004航天摄影space photography 03.005航空摄影aerial photography 03.006航空摄影机aerial camera 03.007立体摄影机stereocamera，stereometric camera 03.008非量测摄影机non-metric camera 03.009量测摄影机metric camera 03.01

2、0全景摄影机panoramic camera， panorama camera 03.011框幅摄影机frame camera 03.012条幅航带摄影机continuous strip camera，strip camera 03.013阵列摄影机array camera 03.014电荷耦合器件摄影机(简称“CCD摄影机”)charge-coupled device camera 03.015多谱段摄影机multispectral camera 03.016地面摄影机terrestrial camera 03.017弹道摄影机ballistic camera 03.018水下摄影机unde

3、rwater camera 03.019大象幅摄影机large format camera，LFC 03.020恒星摄影机stellar camera 03.021地平线摄影机horizon camera 03.022反束光导管摄象机return beam vidicon camera， RBV 03.023象幅picture format 03.024框标fiducial mark 03.025象移补偿image motion compensation，IMC， forward motion compensation， FMC 03.026焦距focal length 03.027快门shu

4、tter 03.028中心快门between-the-lens shutter， lens shutter 03.029帘幕快门(又称“焦面快门) focal plane shutter， curtain shutter 03.030景深depth of field 03.031超焦点距离hyperfocal distance 03.032孔径(又称“光圈”) aperture 03.033光圈号数f-number， stop-number 03.034象场角objective angle of image field， angular field of view 03.035瞬时现场(又称“

5、空间分解力”，其值为地面分解力2528倍) instantaneous fieldofview， IFOV 03.036畸变差distortion 03.037全景畸变panoramic distortion 03.038几何畸变geometric distortion 03.039径向畸变radial distortion 03.040切向畸变tangential distortion， tangential lens distortion 03.041物镜分辨率resolving power of lens 03.042影象分辨率resolving power of image (注：一毫

6、米内能分辨线对条数) 03.043正片positive 03.044负片negative 03.045透明负片dianegative 03.046透明正片diapositive, transparent positive 03.047反转片reversal film 03.048盲色片achromatic film 03.049正色片orthochromatic film 03.050全色片panchromatic film 03.051红外片infrared film 03.052黑白片black-and-white film 03.053彩色片color film 03.054全色红外片p

7、anchromatic infrared film 03.055彩色红外片(又称“假彩色片”) color infrared film， false color film 03.056航摄软片aerial film 03.057感光度sensitivity 03.058感光材料sensitive material 03.059彩色感光材料color sensitive material 03.060感光测定sensitometry 03.061感光特性曲线characteristic curve of photographic emulsion 03.062光谱感光度(又称“光谱灵敏度”) s

8、pectral sensitivity 03.063黑白摄影black-and-white photography 03.064彩色摄影color photography 03.065假彩色摄影false color photography 03.066红外摄影infrared photography 03.067全息摄影hologram photography， holography 03.068缩微摄影microphotography, microcopying 03.069低倍放大摄影pnotomacrography 03.070显微摄影photomicrography 03.071多谱

9、段摄影multispectral photography 03.072全景摄影panoramic photography 03.073竖直摄影vertical photography 03.074倾斜摄影oblique photography 03.075小象幅航空摄影small format aerial photography， SFAP 03.076摄站camera station， exposure station 03.077摄影航线flight line of aerial photography 03.078摄影分区flight block 03.079摄影比例尺photogra

10、phic scale 03.080摄影基线photographic baseline， air base 03.081摄影质量photographic quality 03.082航摄领航navigation of aerial photography 03.083航摄计划flight plan of aerial photography 03.084航摄漏洞aerial photographic gap 03.085航高flying height， flight height 03.086相对航高relative flying height 03.087绝对航高absolute flying

11、 height 03.088基一高比base-height ratio 03.089航向重叠longitudinal overlap end overlap， forward overlap, fore-and-aft overlap 03.090旁向重叠lateral overlap， side overlap， side lap 03.091骨架航线(又称“构架航线”) control strip 03.092曝光exposure 03.093摄影处理photographic processing 03.094显影developing 03.095定影fixing 03.096感光sens

12、itising 03.097接触晒印contact printing 03.098投影晒印projection printing 03.099反差contrast 03.100反差系数contrast coefficient 03.101景物反差object contrast 03.102地面照度illuminance of ground 03.103影象质量image quality 03.104影象分辨力(又称“象元地面分辨力”。指象元地面尺寸。) image resolution, ground resolution 03.105像片photo，photograph 03.106竖直摄影

13、像片vertical photograph 03.107倾斜摄影像片oblique photograph 03.108航摄像片aerial photograph 03.109地平线像片horizon photograph 03.110像片比例尺photo scale 03.111数字影象(又称“数字图象”) digital image 03.112数字化影象digitized image 03.113光学密度optical density 03.114密度计densitometer 03.115测微密度计microdensitometer 03.116光学传递函数optical transfe

14、r function， OTF 03.117相位传递函数phase transfer function， PTF 03.118调制传递函数modulation transfer function， MTF 03.119维纳频谱Winer spectrum 03.120透光率transmittance 03.121灰楔grey wedge, optical wedae 03.122密度density 03.123灰度grey level 03.124象元pixel， picture element 03.125密度分割density slicing 03.126象主点principal poin

15、t of photograph 03.127象底点photo nadir point 03.128地底点ground nadir point 03.129象等角点isocenter of photogrgaph 03.130等比线ipometric parallel 03.131像片基线photo base 03.132象主纵线principal lineof photograph 03.133主垂面principal planeof photograph， principal vertical plane 03.134真地平线true horizon 03.135视地平线apparent h

16、orizon 03.136象地平线(又称“合线”、“真水平线”) image horizon, horizon trace, vanishing line 03.137象点位移displacement of image 03.138投影差relief displacement，height displacement 03.139倾斜位移tilt displacement 03.140主合点principal vanishing point 03.141核点epipole 03.142核面epipolar plane 03.143核线epipolar line， epipolar ray 03.

17、144主核线principal epipolar line 03.145主核面principal epipolar plane 03.146垂核面vertical epipolar plane 03.147垂核线vertical epipolar line 03.148同名核线corresponding epipolar line 03.149像片方位角azimuth of photograph 03.150像片内方位元素elements of interior orientation 03.151像片外方位元素elements of exterior orientation 03.152像片

18、方位元素photo orientation elements 03.153姿态attitude 03.154姿态参数attitude parameter 03.155像片倾角tilt angle of photograph 03.156航向倾角longitudinal tilt， pitch 03.157旁向倾角lateral tilt， roll 03.158像片旋角swing angle, yaw 03.159立体象对stereopair 03.160立体观测stereoscopic observation 03.161互补色立体观察anaglyphical stereoscopic vi

19、ewing 03.162偏振光立体观察vectograph method of stereoscopic viewing 03.163立体视觉stereocopic vision 03.164正立体orthostereoscopy 03.165 反立体pseudostereoscopy 03.166左右视差horizontal parallax， xparallax 03.167上下视差vertical parallax， yparallax 03.168 同名象点corresponding image points，homologous image points 03.169标准配置点Gru

20、ber point 03.170定向点orientation point 03.171内部定向interior orientation 03.172外部定向exterior orientation 03.173相对走向relative orientation 03.174绝对定向absolute orientation 03.175相对定向元素elements of relative orientation 03.176绝对定向元素elements of absolute orientation 03.177几何反转原理principle of geometric reverse(注：根据光路

21、可逆性，建立所摄对象模型的原理) 03.178同名光线corresponding image rays 03.179全能法测图universal method of photogrammetric mapping， 03.180分工法测图(又称“微分法测图”) differential method of photogrammetric mapping, 03.181综合法测图photo planimetric method of photogrammetric mapping03.182纠正rectification 03.183像片纠正photo rectification 03.184像

22、片平面图photoplan 03.185光学纠正optical rectification 03.186光学机械纠正opticalmechanical rectification 03.187图解纠正graphical rectification 03.188光学图解纠正optical graphical rectification 03.189仿射纠正affine rectification 03.190分带纠正zonal rectification 03.191多级纠正multistage rectification 03.192纠正图底basis for rectification 03

23、.193光学条件optical condition(注：保证纠正仪上物、象平面光学共轭的条件) 03.194几何条件geometric condition(注：保证纠正仪上正确投影关系的条件) 03.195纠正元素element of rectification 03.196合点控制vanishing point control 03.199像片镶嵌photo mosaic 03.200光学镶嵌optical mosaic 03.201镶嵌索引图index mosaic 03.202调绘annotation 03.203像片判读photo interpretation 03.204目视判读vi

24、sual interpretation 03.205明显地物点outstanding point 03.206人工标志点artificial target 03.207辐射三角测量radial triangulation 03.208立体摄影测量stereophotogrammetry， twoimage photogrammetry 03.209模拟法测图analog photogrammetric plotting 03.210变换光束测图affine plotting 03.211光学投影optical projection 03.212机械投影mechanical projection

25、 03.213光学机械投影optical-mechanlcal projection 03.214像片主距principal distance of photo 03.215摄影机主距principal distance of camera 03.216投影器主距principal distance of projector 03.217立体模型stereoscopic model 03.218几何模型geometric model 03.219视模型perceived model 03.220模型缩放scaling of model 03.221模型置平leveling of model 0

26、3.222模型连接bridging of model 03.223空中三角测量aerotriangulation 03.224空中水准测量aeroleveling 03.225空中导线测量aeropolygonometry 03.226模拟空中三角测量analog aerotriangulation 03.227阿贝比长原理Abbe comparator principle 03.229空间后方交会Space resection 03.230空间前方交会space intersection 03.231摄影测量坐标系photogrammetric coordinate system 03.23

27、2象平面坐标系photo coordinate system 03.233象空间坐标系image space coordinate system 03.234物空间坐标系object space coordinate system 03.235罗德里格斯矩阵Rodrigues matrix 03.236构象方程imaging equation 03.237共线方程collinearity equation 03.238共面方程coplanarity equation 03.239投影方程projection equation 03.240加密点pass point 03.241连接点tie p

28、oint 03.242解析空中三角测量(俗称“电算加密”) analytical aerotriangulation 03.243航带法空中三角测量strip aerial triangulation 03.244独立模型法空中三角测量independent model aerial triangulation， aerotriangulation by independent model 03.245光束法空中三角测量bundle aerial triangulation 03.246联机空中三角测量on-line aerophotogrammetric triangulation 03.2

29、47区域网平差block adjustment 03.248自检校selfcalibration 03.249联合平差combined adjustment 03.250数据探测法data snooping 03.251粗差检测gross error detection 03.252选权迭代法iteration method with variable weights 03.253解析纠正analytical rectification 03.254解析定向analytical orientation 03.255解析测图analytical mapping 03.256数控绘图桌digital tracing table 03.257机助测图computerassisted mapping， computeraided mapping 03.258正射投影技术orthophoto technique 03.259微分纠正differential rectification 03.260正射像片orthophoto 03.261立体正射像片orthophoto stereo-mate 03.262正射影象图orthophotoquad(注：不带等高线影象图) 03.263正