考研英语二写作讲义s韩苏北京.docx

1、考研英语二写作讲义s韩苏北京PART 1: 写作评分参考（一）评分原则和方法 1.评分标准适用于A、B两节。但根据两节不同的考查要点，评分时会有不同的侧重 A节：应用文的评分侧重点在于信息点的覆盖和内容的组织、语言的准确性、格式和语域的恰当。对语法结构和词汇多样性的要求将根据具体试题作调整。允许在作文中使用提示语中出现过的关键词，但使用提示语中出现过的词组或句子将被扣分。备注：2012年考研英语（二）大纲第二页脚注：语域指在书面语和口语表达中根据不同的交际对象，采用的话语方式，即正式、一般、非正式的话语。B节：评分重点在于内容完整性、文章的组织连贯性、语法结构和词汇的多样性及语言的准确性。 2

2、.评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来给分。评分人员在档内的1至3分间调节分数。 3.A节的字数要求是100词左右。B节的字数要求是150词。文章长度不符合要求的，酌情扣分。 4.拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时，视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。 5.如书写较差，影响交际，分数将降低一个档次。 （二）一般评分标准 第五档A节(9-10分)B节(13-15分)很好地完成了试题规定的任务。包含所有的内容要点；使用丰富的语法结构和词汇；语言自然流畅，语法错误极少；有效地采用了多种衔接手法，文字连贯，层次清晰；格式与语域恰当贴切。对

3、目标读者完全产生了预期的效果。第四档A节(7-8分)B节(10-12分)较好地完成了试题规定的任务。包含所有内容要点，允许漏掉一两个次重点；使用较丰富的语法结构和词汇；语言基本准确，只有在试图使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇时才有个别错误；采用了适当的衔接手法，层次清晰，组织较严密；格式与语域较恰当。对目标读者产生了预期的效果。第三档A节(5-6分)B节(7-9分)基本完成了试题规定的任务。包含多数内容要点；应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的需求；有一些语法及词汇错误，但不影响理解；采用了简单的衔接手法，内容较连贯，层次较清晰；格式和语域基本合理。对目标读者基本产生了预期的效果。第二档A节(3-4分)

4、B节(4-6分)未能按要求完成试题规定的任务。漏掉或未能有效阐述一些内容要点，写了一些无关内容；语法结构单调、词汇项目有限；有较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解；未采用恰当的衔接手法，内容缺少连贯性；格式和语域不恰当。未能清楚地传达信息给读者。第一档 A节(1-2分)B节(1-3分)未完成试题规定的任务。明显遗漏主要内容，且有许多不相关的内容；语法项目和词汇的使用单调、重复；语言错误多，有碍读者对内容的理解，语言运用能力差；未使用任何衔接手法，内容不连贯，缺少组织、分段；无格式与语域概念。未能传达信息给读者。零档 (0分)所传达的信息或所用语言太少，无法评价；内容与要求无关或

5、无法辨认。相关总结：提别提示：时间分配：一.小作文要点：1. 2. 3. 2大作文要点1.2.3.3共同点1.2.3.Part2 写作得分应对一写作共性解决1. 万能词汇:三类六种1. 1）physical health，mental fitness，keep optimistic/pessimistic，commit suicidedo physical exercises，well-balanced diet ，infectious diseases 2)generation gap，old/aged people，the old/aged/elders/elderly，senior ci

6、tizens,Independence，doting care，only children，persistence，success，innovationstriving spirit，determined spirit，outlook of life ，confidenceDifficulty，challenge，financial crisis，employmentcooperation/teamwork，team spirit，joint/cooperative efforts2. 1）environmental protection，keep ecological balance，sus

7、tainable development strategysave the energy，reduce the emission of greenhouse gases，greenhouse effectclean renewable energy，low carbon economy，deforestation，desertification water and soil erosion，sandstorm，snowstorm，typhoon，flood，earthquake 2）duty/responsibility，sense of responsibility，shoulder/ass

8、ume/undertakeavoid/shun/shirk，devote/devotion/dedicate/dedication，professional ethicsdishonest behaviors，fake commodities，abuse，mistreat，maltreat，ill-treat(ment)do good to，care，look after，take care of，financially support 3. 文化1）cultural exchange，cultural integration/blending，multi-culture，mosaic cul

9、ture，pluralistic culturepreserve and cherish，absorb its essence，popular culture2）resist its dark side，idol worship，web addiction，digital productselectronic games，mobile-phone subscription，text message2.写作万能20句1）Thankstoreformandopening-uppolicy,.haswitnessedgreateconomicandsocialprogressinthepastthr

10、eedecades.2）Thehumanracehasenteredacompletelynewstageinitshistory.3）Weareblessedwithnewopportunitiesandfacedwithnewchallenges.4) Withtheincreasinglymorerapidlyeconomicglobalizationandurbanization, moreproblemsarebroughttoourattention.5) Inthepastfewyears,therehasbeenasharpgrowthboom/declinein.6) Whi

11、letherhythm/pace/tempoofpeopleslivingisspeedingup,alotofchangeshavetakenplacein.7)withthefantasticspurbothinindustryanditseconomyinChina,thenumberof.isonthefire.8) Itiscommonlybelievedthattherisein.istheinevitableresultofeconomicdevelopment9) Inrecentyears,Chinahasexperiencedanalarmingincreasein.10）

12、Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplebegintorealize/beawareof/theimportanceoftheproblemofeducation/pollution/unemployment.11) Weoftenfindourselvescaught/involvedinadilemmawhetherweshouldreachfortheA orforthe B.12) Thereisagrowingworldwideawarenessoftheneedfor.13) Recentlytheissue/problemof.hasbeeninthelimelight

13、/broughtintofocus/ broughttopublicattention/concern.14) Oneofthe(universal/pressing/burning/urgent)problems/issueswearefacedwith(confrontingus)isthat.15) Thereisalong-runningdebateastowhether.16) Itisundeniablethat.hasbecomethebiggestconcernofthepresent-dayworld.17) Thiscasehasarousedechoesthroughou

14、tthecountry,withmoreandmorepeoplefollowingitslead,butideasaboutitvarywidely.18) Thediscussionaboutwhetherornot.isaverycontroversialone.Therearepeopleonbothsidesoftheargumentwhohavestrongfeelings.19) Someargue/holdthat.,butotherssetforthatotallydifferentargumentabouttheissueof.20) Theothersideoftheco

15、inhasvoicedstrongoppositionsayingthat.3.语法改错36句1）We college students had enough time to take a part time job, no matter how busy we were .2）Riding bicycles had more advantages than taking a bus.3）There are so many countries using English that it had been regarded as an international language.4）The e

16、ating habit of Chinese people have changed in the past decade.5）Now fruits and vegetables can be seen everywhere when it is in season.6）I feel proud to come to our university.7）TV now plays an important role in our daily life, Because we cannot live without it.8）There are many ways to contact with s

17、ociety. For example, join in clubs, taking part time jobs and helping the poor.9）If no electricity, all activities such as watching TV and seeing movies will be impossible.10）Sometimes teachers will inform students of the heavy burden they have to bear.11）Someone believes that the teachers task is t

18、o give students knowledge, which may not be true.12）People have been fighting against the influence of TV commercials, but it often proves useless.13）TV presents us with many useful informations.14）Making our cities greener is not an easy work.15）Each people has his own opportunities.16）Book knowled

19、ge is important, but we should also learn something in the society.17）If there were no electirc power, we would have to do everything by the hands.18）If there were no electric power, factory would stop producing goods, car, bus and train would stop running.19）After four years, we all graduated from

20、college and entered society.20）Many college students have a strong desire to be independent on their parents.21）The computer like TV, it has both advantages and disadvantages.22）Obviously, our country would stop develop if no electricity.23）Riding bicycles conveniences my work.24）Without television,

21、 people cant get information which comes from other parts of the world immediately.25）At the age of six, my father began to give me English lessons.26）To improve ones writing skill. regular practice is necessary.27）With the computer, one can do shopping, banking and read at home.28）Nowadays, people

22、not only eat enough food, but also eat better.29）Participating in sports is good for our physical health, and through it we can also train our character.30）While we reuce the number of vehicles, the speed of traffic can be increased.31）Each of us may take a parttime job to help support ourselves, bu

23、t if you spend too much time on it, your study will be affected.32）Because some college graduates could not find a better job, so they decided to continue to read for a second degree.33）Although an opportunity is rare, but we must be ready to seize it.34）In my opinion, I believe the present educatio

24、nal system is in need of reform.35）The reason why people choose to live in the country is because there is no pollution nor noise there.36）People try to find a solution to solve the problem.三小作文高分指南1. 格式：书信格式：（一）称呼1）写给机构不认识负责人：认识负责人：2）写给个人关系不亲密：关系亲密：备注：以上即为语域表现。（2）正文1）第一段：（1）自我介绍（2）写作目的：2）第二段：3句（1）改

25、写提纲一：1句（2）改写提纲二：1句（3）改写提纲三：1句3）第三段（1）表示感谢（私人建议信除外）（2）期待回信4）结尾：Directions:You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:1.detailed information about the books you want,2.methods of payment,time and way o

26、f delivery.Dear Sir or Madam, As I am planning to take the National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates(NETEM), I have decided to place an order of some NETEM books with due consideration of the good reputation of your bookstore and the high quality of your books. Firstly, please give me p

27、articular accounts as regards names, authors, publishing houses and prices of these books. Secondly, I also need to know the terms of payment and after-sell service. Thirdly, I wonder if it is convenient for you to deliver these books by EMS to the my school by September 1, 2007. I have arranged to

28、pay for the service. I would like to express my gratitude for your kind consideration of my requests. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Yours sincerely, Li Ming书面通知的格式：1 ）标题：在正文上面正中的地方写上 NOTICE .除了notice外，还有征文启事：Contributions Wanted，鸣谢：Acknowledgments，事物招领：Found，遗失启事：Lost，招标启事：Invitation for

29、Bids，迁移启事：Removal，纳新启事：Recruitment Announcement。2 ）正文：包括具体的时间、地点、活动内容和注意事项。3 ）单位：发通知的单位一般写在正文的右下角。有时也放于标题之上，起强调作用。4 ）时间：一般写在左下角。提示：书面通知语言比较规范，切忌使用模糊语言和俚语、俗语。通知中常用第三人称，且被动语态使用较多。NOTICE The sports meeting held this Saturday has to be put off because of the heavy rain. All students are required to come

30、 to school on Saturday morning as usual, but there will be no class that afternoon. Weather permitting, the sports meeting will be held next Saturday morning. Members of the school ping-pong team must come to the Ping-pong Hall at 4:30 this Saturday afternoon. Ping-pong stars from Wuhan will come and give special training then. Office of Physical Education 10th September, 2009通知 由于近日连降大雨，我校原定本周六举行的运动会将作延期。同学们周六早晨照常到校上课，周六下午停课。如果天气允许的话，运动会将在下周六早晨举行。学校乒乓球队的队员们，本周六下午4：30到乒乓球大厅受训。武汉的乒乓球健将们将为你们做专门指导。 校体育办公室 2009年9月10日备忘录的格式：