衡水金卷调研卷普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语四解析版.docx

1、衡水金卷调研卷普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语四解析版（衡水金卷调研卷）2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟试题英语四第一部分阅读理解（百强校英语解析团队专供）（共两节，满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIf you have a long holiday to spend, where can you go?Nikoi Island, IndonesiaLess than 85 km but somehow a whole world away from Singapores shini

2、ng skyline lies Nikoi Island. Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikois centre is hidden in rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity seen in its native plants, animals and bird life. Marrying traditional Indonesian craftsmanship with contemporary design, Nikoi boasts ju

3、st 15 stilted（建于支柱上的）beach houses, all with breathtaking sea views, guaranteeing privacy and total escape from the daily grind.Amanpulo, PhilippinesThe only property on Pamalican Island, the luxurious Amanpulo resort offers extremely impressive accommodation, with only access to over five kilometres

4、 of clean coral sand beach. Designed to resemble indigenous Bahay Kubo homes, Amanpulos beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks（吊床）from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below. Fill your schedule with Amanpulos signature aquatic

5、adventures (including diving, windsurfing and sailing), recharge in the award-winning spa or feast upon locally caught seafood the choice is yours.Song Saa, CambodiaSong Saas incredible ocean views, and breathtaking sunsets are a very typical example of pure paradise. Its 24 villas each with their o

6、wn sea-view private plunge pool are designed to reflect the natural beauty of Cambodias coastline; built from recycled wood with straw roofs and driftwood furnishings, these presences are stylish proof of Song Saas admirable commitment to sustainability（持续）and conservation. You can choose to do as m

7、uch or as little as you want here, with rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkelling just some of the activities on offer that showcase this spectacular destination.1. What can we see in the center of Nikois Island?A. Lands of desert. B. Streams and rivers.C. Kinds of animals and plants. D.

8、 Tall buildings.2. What can we learn about the Amanpulos villas?A. They are made of bricks.B. We can have a good view of the sea there.C. They are very expensive.D. We can learn much historic stories from them.3. What activity can you enjoy in Song Saa?A. Diving. B. White rafting.C. Mountain-climbin

9、g. D. Rainforest tour.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D【解析】这是一篇介绍说明类文章。文章介绍了三个度假胜地：Nikoi Island, Indonesia；Amanpulo, Philippines；Song Saa, Cambodia。1. 细节理解题。由第二段中的“Surrounded by white sandy shorelines and vivid coral reefs, Nikois centre is hidden in rainforest, resulting in amazing biodiversity seen in its native

10、 plants, animal and bird life”可知，Nikois centre位于热带雨林里，里面有各种各样的植物，动物和鸟类。故C选项正确。2. 细节理解题。由第三段中的“Amanpulos beachside, treetop and hillside villas all feature comfortable decks with hammocks(吊床) from which to enjoy the spectacular views of the greenish-blue sea below”可知，Amanpulo建在海边的，屋顶的，山坡上的别墅都是带吊床的甲板，

11、从上面游客们可以欣赏下面大海的风景。故B选项正确。 【名师点睛】细节理解题的答题策略：细心审题，直接就题找答案。解答此类试题时，不必通篇细看原文，而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法，先从问题中抓住关键性词语（题眼），然后以此为线索，运用略读及查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此问题相关的：段落、语句，仔细品味，对照比较，确定答案。在第二小题中，考生可根据题干中的“the Amanpulos villas”确定信息。3. 细节理解题。由最后一段中的“With rainforest tours, island safaris and reef snorkeling, just some of the ac

12、tivities offer that showcase this spectacular destination”可知，在Song Saa，游客们可以参观热带雨林，游览岛屿，进行珊瑚礁浮潜。故D选项正确。BNatural selection is the process by which one type of animal within a species thrives because of certain characteristics that make it more likely to live than others in its group. The history of t

13、he peppered moth（灰蛾）is an example of the natural selection process.In 19th century England, certain types of peppered moths were able to better blend（融合）into their surroundings. During that time period, great changes were happening in Great Britain. The Industrial Revolution was part of this change,

14、 and with it came air pollution. Natural selection often takes hundred or even thousands of years to occur. For the peppered moth, this process occurred comparatively quickly.At the beginning of the Industrial Age, most peppered moths in England were light-colored and covered with black markings, al

15、though a few moths had dark-colored wings. Because the light-colored moths blended into the light-colored bark on the trees, they could not be easily seen by birds that would eat them. As the air grew more polluted, however, tree trunks became covered with soot（烟煤）and became darker. The light-colore

16、d moths became easy for birds to see against the dark tree trunks. Since the dark-colored moths now had the advantage, their numbers grew. Within 50 years, the peppered moth went from being mostly light-colored to being mostly dark-colored.In the 20th century, the air cleared up, and the peppered mo

17、th population changed again. As tree trunks lighted due to less soot in the air, light-colored moths once again had an advantage. Their numbers increased as soot levels declined. Depending on their environment, the coloration of the moths helped them to be “naturally selected” to survive.4. Which of

18、 the following has the closest meaning to the underlined word “thrives” in the first paragraph?A. Reduces. B. Booms.C. Changes. D. Endangers.5. What can we infer about the peppered moths natural selection process?A. The length of time was unusual.B. The soot levels in England did not affect it.C. Th

19、is type of color change was typical for moths.D. It was a good example of environmental protection.6. Whats the difference between light-colored and dark-colored moths?A. Dark-colored moths were originally easy to see on trees.B. Both kinds of moths preferred the dark-colored trees.C. Birds failed t

20、o see light-colored moths.D. The color of moths was unimportant.7. Which would most likely happen if soot darkened Englands trees again?A. Birds would eat fewer moths.B. Moths would not be able to stay alive.C. Light-colored moths would disturb peoples life.D. The population of dark-colored moths wo

21、uld increase.【答案】4. B 5. A 6. A 7. D【解析】本文主要介绍了灰蛾的自然选择过程。4. B 学.科.网.学.科.网.学.科.网.学.科.网.学.科.网.学.科.网.学.科.网.学.科.网.学.科.网.5. A推理判断题。根据第二段Natural selection often takes hundred or even thousands of years to occur. For the peppered moth, this process occurred comparatively quickly.可知，自然选择往往要花费上百年甚至几千年的时间，对于灰

22、蛾来说，这一过程发生得比较快。所以可以推断出，灰蛾在自然选择的过程中所花时间的长短是不寻常的。故选A.6. A细节理解题。根据第三段Because the light-colored moths blended into the light-colored bark on the trees, they could not be easily seen by birds that would eat them.可知，最初，树皮是浅色的，所以浅色的蛾子在浅色的树皮上不容易被发现，那么可知，深色的飞蛾最初很容易在树上被看到。故选A.7. D推理判断题。根据自然选择的规律，动物为了生存，而要适应所处

23、的环境，最初，树皮是浅色的，所以浅色的蛾子在浅色的树皮上不容易被发现，所以可以推断出如果烟灰再次使英国的树木变黑，深色的蛾子更适应这种环境，那么深色飞蛾的数量将会增加。故选D.【名师点睛】推理判断题属于主观题，是层次较高的题目。它包括判断和推理题。这两类题常常相互依存，推理是为了作出正确的判断，正确的判断又依赖于合乎逻辑的推理。推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。例如第4小题推理判断题。根据自然选择的规律，动物为了生存，而要适应所处的环境，最初，树皮是浅色的，所以浅色

24、的蛾子在浅色的树皮上不容易被发现，所以可以推断出如果烟灰再次使英国的树木变黑，深色的蛾子更适应这种环境，那么深色飞蛾的数量将会增加。故选D.CHaving three cancer patients in the same household can turn a whole family upside down. Michelle Bruce, her husband, Jeremy, and their son, Holden, all had cancer. The family moved to Michelles hometown of Franklin, Nebraska six

25、years ago, so her parents could help.Doctors found Holdens brain tumor（肿瘤）, when he was 12 years old. His family was living in a small town at the time, but there were related doctors in the state. Holden had two operations in Omaha clinic, both of which were tough.When Holdens cancer came back agai

26、n in 2012, nothing could be done. But the family didnt give up. They reached out to Boston Childrens Hospital, which has better equipment and doctors with more experience operating on kids. After looking at Holdens records, the doctor sent back her diagnosis: She was confident that she could remove

27、the tumor.The family was beyond relieved, until they learned insurance wouldnt cover any of the operations costs. The operation would cost $39,000 more than the parents could afford. The family got desperate.In a town of just 1,000 people, however, word traveled fast. Within days, a local woman Mich

28、elle had never met in person called to say she was planning an event to raise money for Holden. Michelle was touched.The event was uplifting. Finally, the town raised $45,000 enough to cover not just Holdens hospital bills, but for Michelle and Jeremys trip to Boston with their son. “I just didnt kn

29、ow what to say,” said Michelle. “Nobody could really believe it.”Holdens operation went much more smoothly than the first two. He is cancer-free and now is attending Central Community College-Hastings on a full-ride scholarship.8. Where did Michelles parents live?A. Florida. B. Boston.C. Omaha. D. F

30、ranklin.9. Why did Holdens family go to Boston Childrens hospital?A. Because it was near their home.B. Because it had better equipment and doctors.C. Because the medical expense there was cheaper.D. Because they were familiar with the doctors there.10. What was the feeling of the family when they le

31、arned the operations cost?A. They were in despair.B. They were very delighted.C. They were very surprised.D. They remained calm.11. What is the best title of the passage?A. Worlds Best Cancer DoctorsB. Brave Boy Who Conquered His CancerC. 1,000 People Saved A Teens LifeD. Countrys Welfare System Shi

32、ned【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C【解析】本文主要讲了Holden得了癌症，但家庭无法承担手术的费用。但是经过全村1000人的努力为他筹集了足够的资金，救了这个男孩的命的故事。8. D细节理解题。根据第一段The family moved to Michelles hometown of Franklin, Nebraska six years ago, so her parents could help.可知，Michelle的父母住在Franklin。故选D.9. B细节理解题。根据第三段They reached out to Boston Childrens Hospital, which has better equipment and doctors with more experience operating on kids.可知，Holden的家人去了Boston医院是因为它有更好的设备和医生。故选B10.