Since和for的用法及区别.docx

1、Since和for的用法及区别Since 和 for 的用法及区别：一，since 的四种用法1，since + 过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、ago. 1990 , last month , half past six I have been here since 1990. 1990起，我一直在这儿。2，since+ 一段时间+ago I have been here since five months ago。自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。3，since+从句Great Changes have taken place since you left. 自从你走后，已经发生了

2、很大的变化。4，It is +一段时间+since从句It is two years since I became an English teacher. 我成为英语老师有两年了。二，Since 和for区别1，Since +时间点，具体时间 “自从、以来，从、以后” 用来说明动作起始时间I have been in Beijing since 2010. 2，For + 时间段，用来说明动作延续时间长度，因此句中的谓语动词，也应该是延续性动词。I have been in Beijing for one year。We have learnt English for about three

3、years. I have been here for 3 days. (对) I have arrived here for 3 days.（误）三，延续性动词和终止 性动词的概念英语中，动词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。终止性动词 也称 非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动

4、作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy等。四、延续性动词的用法特征1.延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示段时间的状语连用。表示段时间的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long 等I have learned English since I came here. 自从我来到这儿就学英语了。 2.延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的点时间

5、状语连用。如：It raind at eight yesterday morning . （误） rain为 延 续 性 动 词 ，而 at eight表示点时间，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词性动词来表示一瞬间的动作，可借助come begin get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为：It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如：-When did you get to know Jack? -Two years ago. -Then youve known each other for more than two years. -That

6、s right. 五、终止性动词的用法特征1.终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：The train has arrived.火车到了。 Have you joined the computer group?你加入电脑小组了吗？2.终 止 性 动 词 表 示 的 动 作 极 其 短 暂 ， 不 能 持 续。因 此，不 可 与 表 示 一 段 时 间 的 状 语用(只限肯定式)。如：（1)他死了三年了。误：He has died for three years. 正：He has been dead for three years. 正：He died three yea

7、rs ago. 正：It is three years since he died.正：Three years has passed since he died. (2)他来这儿五天了。误：He has come here for five days. 正：He has been here for five days. 正：He came here five days ago. 正：It is five days since he came here. 正：Five days has passed since he came here. 句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一

8、种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：leavebe away, borrowkeep, buyhave, begin/startbe on, diebe dead, move tolive in, finishbe over, joinbe in/be a member of, open sth.keep sth. open, fall illbe ill, get upbe up, catch a coldhave a cold。练习：用since和for填空1) _ two years 2) _ two years ago 3) _ last month4) _ 1999 5) _ yester

9、day 6) _ 4 oclock7) _ 4 hours 8) _ an hour ago 9) _ we were children10) _ lunch time 11) _ she left here1. He has lived in Nanjing _ the year before last.2. Ive known him _ we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese _ three years.4. She has been away from the city _ about ten years.5. Its

10、about ten years _ she left the city.2.短暂性转换延续性arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go/move to sw. be in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He _ _ _ Beijing for _ _.2) I moved to the USA last year.I _ _ _ the USA since _ _.3) I went home yesterda

11、y.I _ _ _ home for _ _.4) They came here last week.They _ _ here since _ _.come/go back, return be back come/go out be out1) He came out two years ago.He _ _ _ for _ _.2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We _ _ _ to Fuzhou since _.become be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I _ _ a teacher for _ _.2) The ri

12、ver became dirty last year.The river _ _ dirty for _ _.close be closed open be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop _ _ _ for _ _.2) The door opened at six in the morning.The door _ _ _ for six hours.get up be up die be deadleave sw. be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleep be asleepfinish

13、/end be over marry be married1) I got up two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.2) He left Fuzhou just now.He _ _ _ _ Fuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa _ _ _for _ _.4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting _ _ _ for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I _ _ _ since _ _.6

14、) They married in 1990.They _ _ _since _.start/begin to do sth. do sth. begin be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I _ _ at this school since _.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film _ _ _ for _ _.borrow keep lose not have buy have put on wearcatch/get a cold have a cold get to know k

15、now1) They borrowed it last week.They _ _ it since _ _.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I _ _ a pen for _ _.3) I got to know him last year.I _ _ him since _ _.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I _ _ my glasses for _ _.have/has gone to have been in1) He has gone to Beijing.He _ _ _ Beijing for tw

16、o days.join the league/the Party/the army be a league/a Party member/a soldier be a member of the league/the Party be in the league/the Party/the army1) He joined the league in 2002.He _ _ a _ _ for two years.He _ _ a _ _ the _ for two years.He _ _ _ the league for two years.2) My brother joined the

17、 army two years ago.My brother _ _ a _ for _ _.My brother _ _ in _ _ for two years.3.汉译英1）这本字典我已买了三年了。2）他离开中国三年了。3）我认识他们五年了。4）他们已去了美国五年了。5）自从他搬到福州，他就住这儿了。6）他们已经结婚10年。7）我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。8）这会已开了多长时间了？9）这门已经关了两天了。10）我入团2年了。I _ _ _ two years ago.I _ _ a _ _ for two years.I _ _ a _ of _ _ for two years.I _ _ _ the _ for two years.11）自从1999年以来他们就认识。12）我来到农场已5年了。4.划线提问1) I have been there for two days._ _ _ you _ _ ?2) My father has lived here since 2000._ _ _ your father _ _?3) He left here yesterday._ _ he _ _?4) They bought a book two hours ago._ _ they _ a book