最全的中国文化四六级英语段落翻译词汇.docx

1、最全的中国文化四六级英语段落翻译词汇中国文化风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春节 the Spring Festival元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 tem

2、ple fair爆竹 firecracker年画(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race胡同hutong山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon c

3、ake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu? bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with e

4、gg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 M

5、ount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake

6、布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重 reincarnated soul boy 中药 traditional Chinese medicine黄帝内经Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine神农本草经Shennong，s Herbal Classic

7、本草纲目Compendium of Materia Medica针灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage切脉 feeling the pulse五禽戏 five-animal exercises旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代 dynasty秦朝 Qin Dynasty汉朝 Han Dynasty唐朝 Tang Dynasty宋朝 Song Dynasty元朝 Yuan Dynasty明朝 Mi

8、ng Dynasty清朝 Qing Dynasty秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃 imperial c

9、oncubine丞相，宰相 prime minister太监 court eunuch少数民族 ethnic minority祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Western Regions战国 the Warring States中华文明 Chinese civilization文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌变法 the Reform

10、 Movement of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising918 事变 September 18th Incident长征 the Long March西安事变 Xian Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong孙中山 Sun Yat-sen蒋介石 Chiang Kai

11、-shek国民党 Kuomingtang中华人民共和国 the Peoples Republic of China (PRC)满族 Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫 scholar-officials学者 scholar诗人 poet政治家statesman社会地位social status中国社会词汇多元文化论 cultural pluralism 文化适应 acculturation 社会保障 social security 班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household 大龄青年 single youth above the norm

12、al matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family 单亲 single parent 福利彩票 welfare lotteries 家政服务 household management service 民工 migrant laborers 名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign 全国人口普查 nationwide census 社会保险 social insurance 暂住证 temporary

13、residence permit/card 青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency 性骚扰 sexual harassment 走私 smuggling性别歧视 gender/sexual discrimination 年龄歧视 age discrimination 工作歧视 job discrimination 享乐主义hedonism 文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor 盗版 pirated/illegal copies 一国两制 One Country, Two Systems 三个代表 the

14、 Three Represents Theory 两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会 Peoples Congress Standing Committee法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of w

15、ork 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence 计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning4青才申文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization 居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国 national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展 sustainable development 廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency

16、两岸关系 cross-straits relations 两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations 领 土完整 territorial integrity 民族精神 national spirit 普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences 人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一个中国原则

17、 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校

18、 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育 political and ideological education毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update ones knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育“211 工程” the “211 Project” for higher educat

19、ion高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers college; normal college高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育

20、界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education考研 take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course 选修课 elective/optional course 基础课 basic courses 专业课 specialized courses 课程表 school schedule 教学大纲 teaching prog

21、ram; syllabus 学习年限 period of schooling 学历 record of formal schooling 学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching 人才交流 talent exchange 人才战 competition for talented people 商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC) 适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率 proportion of students entering schools of a

22、 higher grade; enrollment rate硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素质教育 quality-oriented education 填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching 希望工程Project Hope 走读生 extern; non-resident student 住宿生boarder研究生 graduate student; post-graduate (student)应届毕业生 graduating s

23、tudent; current years graduate校园数字化 campus digitalization校园文化 campus culture学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育 education with record of formal schooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育 preschool education学生减负 alleviate the burden on students应试教育 exam-oriented education职业道德 work ethics; professional ethics爷己

24、者招待会press conference国家教委 State Education Commission国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲 functional illiterate智力引进 recruit/introduce (foreign) talents智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students 网络世界cyber world 网络文化cyber culture 网络犯罪cyber crime 网上购物 onl

25、ine shopping 高产优质 high yield and high quality 高科技园 high-tech park 工业园区 industrial park火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)信息港info port 信息革命 information revolution 电子货币e-currency 人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)生物技术 bio-technology 克隆 cloning基因工程 genetic engineering转基因食品 gen

26、etically modified food (GM food)试管婴儿 test-tube baby基因哭变 genetic mutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影 three-dimensional movie光谷 optical valley虚拟银行virtual bank信息化 informationization信息高速公路 information superhighway新兴学科 new branch of science; emerging discipline纳米 nanometer个人数字助理 personal digital assistant (PDA)

27、生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture技术密集产品 technology-intensive product数码科技 digital technology同步卫星 geostationary satellite神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite登月舱 lunar module多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service

28、( MMS)电子商务 e-business; e-commerce 电子管理e-management 办公自动化 Office Automation (OA)信息高地 information highland信息检索 information retrieval电话会议 teleconference无土栽培 soilless cultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice科技发展 scientific and technological advancement重点项目key project国家重点工程 national key projects南水北调 South-to-N

29、orth water diversion 西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project 西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project 网络造谣 fabricating online rumors 恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others停止月服务 closure/shutdown of service 公司歇业 closure of business 道路封闭road closure人为操作差错 man-made operatio

30、nal mistakes 生态系统 ecosystem 森林生态系统forest ecosystem 海洋生态系统marine ecosystem 垄断价格 to monopolize the price 垄断市场 to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market限购私用汽车 to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions 汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas 车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates 牌照单双号限行 odd-even license plate system 黑名单制度 a blacklist system 执业医师 practicing physician; licensed doctors 二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards 防伪技术 anti-forgery technology 非法交易 illegal transaction 冒名顶替 identification fraud 洗钱 money laundering 挂失 to report the loss 补办 to r