状语从句.docx

1、状语从句Unite 8 The InternetAdverbial Clause 状语从句状语从句主要用来修饰主句或主句的谓语，一般可分为九大类，分别表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较和方式。尽管种类较多，但由于状语从句与汉语结构和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不难。学习状语从句的关键是要掌握引导不同状语从句的常用连接词和特殊的连接词。1, 时间状语从句时间状语从句的常用引导词有：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until，the minute, the moment, the second, e

2、very time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely when 等。 如：Whenever a device is “on the internet”， it has one of these addresses.When error did occour, they are found by stepping through the program one instruction at a time.As soon as the connection is e

3、stablished, data caan be transferred.Upgrade your network equipment before the network reaches saturaion.Eventually, the server would give up, usually after the application itself gave up.2, 地点状语从句地点状语从句的常用引导词有：where，wherever, anywhere, everywhere 等。如：Wherever you go, you can see many people use int

4、ernet.Addresses are used only when and where theyre needed.Match every address where the network potion is the same as the network potion of any address assigned to the local hosts.3, 原因状语从句原因状语从句的常用引导词有：because, since, as, for, seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that等。如：Network

5、 protocols are easy to understand since we all use some form of protocols in daily life.Because a single server is also a single point of failure, a backup server concept should be implemented.Now that weve configured a couple of channels, we have to tell the nameserver exactly what to send to those

6、 channels.4, 目的状语从句目的状语从句的常用引导词有：so that, in order that，lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that 等。如：We should encourage its development so that it may render more service to human beings.Thus we must be able to respond using the PAP protocol in case the r

7、emote system request authentication.5, 结果状语从句结果状语从句的常用引导词有：so that, such that, such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that 等。如：It is so thin that a smoke particle, dust, or human hair could cause a head crash.The price is so high that a sold business case is required as

8、a justification.6，条件状语从句条件状语从句的常用引导词有：if, unless, as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that 等。如：If one of the nodes or cables is offline, then the network is still able to transmit data.What will happen if Sites A, B, and C simutaneously send traf

9、fic to the central Site?You do not need to contact for permission unless youre reproducing a significant portion of the code.7，让步状语从句让步状语从句的常用引导词有：though, although, even if, even though，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, 等。如：Even though this

10、 is a valid option, it is not an economical approach.Although they are not nearly as powerful as supercomputers, mainframe computers are capable of great processing speeds and data storage.You can use this shortcut even if the resource records are of different type.8, 比较状语从句比较状语从句的常用引导词有：as(同级比较), t

11、han(不同程度的比较)，the more the more ; just as ， so; no more than; 等。如：The time it spends in such processing would be longer than we expect.In Gigabit Ethernet, the signaling happens ten times faster than it does in Fast Ethernet.This provides better electrical characteristics and a smaller size than the

12、alernative connector does.9, 方式状语从句方式状语从句的常用引导词有：as，as if，as though, how，the way 等。如：If this is allowed, the server treats a symbolic link as if it were a document in the directory.Thats because bridges are designed to make all Ethernets linked with bridges operate as though they were one large Ethe

13、rnet.Once things are installed, they tend to stay the way they were originally built. ExerciseI. Choose the best one to complete each of the folowing sentences.1. The client is the system that uses the remote directories _ they were part of its local filesystem.A. because B. since C. as if D. even i

14、f2. _ this is ideal from a legal perspective, it becomes a nightmare during a security attack. A. Although B. No matter C. As D. As long as3. It is rarely used today and should not be used _ a legacy collection system requires it. A. as B. if C. unless D. where4. _ the LAN cable is transmitting, the

15、n the node will receive the data. A. How B. When C. Althogh D. If5. The client must obtain a certificate _ the network can authenticate it A. even if B. no matter C. so that D. now that6. Backup programs make copies of files to be used _ the originals are lost or damaged. A. in case B. so that C. se

16、eing that D. now that7. This eases the administration but increases the netwok load, _ all records are transferred from the devices to the servers A. where B. lest C. when D. because8. _ your system is up and running, use it as a tool to expand your information horizons. A. Now that B. So that C. Th

17、e way D. Even though9. _ the misfigured link will support the flow of data, it is possible that this problem may not be detected right away. A. Lest B. Unless C. Because D. When10. _ data is processed through a computer, it is usually called information. A. Before B. After C. Though D. UnlessII. Fin

18、d out all the adverbial clauses in the following paragraph. (This paragraph is extracted from Text B Network Topology of Unit 6)Bus network topologyIn local area networks where bus technology is used, each machine is connected to a single cable. Each computer or server is connected to the single bus

19、 cable through some kind of connector. A terminator is required at each end of the bus cable to prevent the signal from bouncing back and forth on the bus cable. A signal from the source travels in both directions to all machines connected on the bus cable until it finds the MAC address or IP addres

20、s on the network that is the intended recipient. If the machine address does not match the intended address for the data, the machine ignores the data. Alternatively, if the data does match the machine address, the data is accepted. Since the bus topology consists of only one wire, it is rather inex

21、pensive to implement when compared to other topologies. However, the low cost of implementing the technology is offset by the high cost of managing the network. Additionally, since only one cable is utilized, it can be the single point of failure. If the network cable breaks, the entire network will

22、 be down, since there is only one cable. Key: I. C A C D C; A D A C B II. 1. until it finds the MAC address or IP address on the network that is the intended recipient. (时间状语从句)2. If the machine address does not match the intended address for the data, （条件状语从句）3. if the machine address does not matc

23、h the intended address for the data, （条件状语从句）4. Since the bus topology consists of only one wire, (原因状语从句)5. since only one cable is utilized, (原因状语从句)6. If the network cable breaks, （条件状语从句） 7. since there is only one cable. (原因状语从句) Technical Writing: Description 描写Description generally means the

24、detailed discussion of the physical aspects of a thing. That means discussing things like color, shape, size, weight, height, width, thickness, texture, density, contents, materials of construction, and so on. It also means discussing any quantifiable details such as numbers.Descriptions are common

25、element in technical writing: accident reports requiring plenty of description; product specifications have plenty of description; instructions typically require description as an important supplement. Contents and Organization of DescriptionsIntroduction. The introduction ought to be concise and to

26、 the point.It should indicate the specific object to be described- its function, cause, or effect, and give an overview of the contents of the descriptionBackground. If the thing you are describing is not likely to be familiar to most of your readers, consider adding some background before your actu

27、al description.Discussion of the parts or characteristics. Divide the thing you are describing into parts, or characteristics, or both, and then describe each of them. Discussion of the related operation or process. At some point in a description, often at the end, it is useful to summarize the oper

28、ation or process associated with the object youre describing. Sources of DescriptionWhen you write a description, you need to think about the kinds of descriptive detail you can provide. Use the following list to plan your description or to review a description you have written. color height width s

29、hape weight materials texture width location methods of attachment depth amount pattern, design ingredients age subparts length finish temperature moisture content smellExample 1 Product descriptionipod classicWith 160GB, you can carry your entire media library with you everywhere.Hold everything.iP

30、od classic gives you 160GB of storage capacity, good for up to 40,000 songs, 200 hours of video, 25,000 photos, or any combination. And you get up to 36 hours of battery life, so you can keep on rocking for a long, long time.1Click to enjoy.Finding exactly what you want to watch or listen to is easy

31、. Use the Click Wheel to browse by album art with Cover Flow or navigate your songs and videos by playlist, artist, album, genre, and more. You can also search for specific titles and artists. Want to mix things up? Click Shuffle Songs for a different experience every time.Watch movies and TVshows.The vivid 2.5-inch display makes video come alive. Purchase or rent movies, buy TV shows, and download video podcasts from the iTunes Store, then sync them to your iPod classic to watch anywhere, anytime.Play iPod games.Put hours of fun at your fingertips. iPod classic comes with three games V