英语六级考试翻译冲刺专项训练.docx

1、英语六级考试翻译冲刺专项训练1. This is yet _ another common point between the people of our two countries_ (两国人民的又一个共同点).2. His scientific works _were widely read in English speaking countries_(在英语国家得到广泛阅读).3. Revolution means the emancipation of the productive forces， and so does _reform_(改革也是解放生产力).4.He is opti

2、mistic _about the present development of information industry_ (对现时信息产业的发展状况).5.Work in all fields should be subordinated to and _serve_ the economic development_(服务于经济发展的进程).6._Its not until lose it_ (直到失去健康) that people know the value of health.7.The bag was stuffed_with dirty clothes_ ( 脏衣服)8._Wi

3、th many friends absent_ (很多朋友不在)， we decided to put the meeting off.9._What impressed me the most _ (给我印象最深的) were her liveliness and sense of humor.10.There engines are_ less powerful than the ones we have made(不如我们制造的那些发动机功率大) .1. another common point between the people of our two countries解析：本题考查

4、通过增补介词使译文的意思更完整。虽然原文没有和between相对应的词，但是共同点是两国人民之间在某方面进行比较的结果，所以增补between之后，符合英语表达习惯。增词法也是汉译英中常用技巧之一，再如：她以教书为业。(She is a teacher by occupation.)我已重新考虑了那件事。(Ive had second thought on that matter.)2. were widely read in English-speaking countries解析：若是按照字面翻译，这句话很可能被译为were widely read in English countries

5、。但是原文中英语国家的含义是讲英语的国家。这体现了英汉表达差异。请考生看下面这句话的英译：我卖掉了彩电。/I sold out my color TV. 这句译文错误在于，没弄清彩电的含义。彩电有两层意思：一是指具体的实物，即彩色电视机color TV set;二是指屏幕上出现的影像，即彩色电视color TV。而句子中卖掉的只能是机器，具体的实物。3. and so does reform解析：本题意为：革命是解放生产力，改革也是解放生产力。考点有二：第一，考查词性转移。原文中解放用作动词，生产力作宾语。译文中处理成名词短语 对生产力的解放。第二，考查省译法。我们不能把原文译成and ref

6、orm also means the emancipation of the productive forces，这种结构显得臃肿累赘。为避免重复，可以选用and so does.来代替这个动宾结构。4. about the present development of information industry解析：对.表示乐观可以用句型be optimistic about sth.。这句话不能译成about the status of the present development of information industry。状况是一个范畴词，没有实际含义，可省略不译。5. serve

7、 the economic development解析：服务于.即为.服务，所以要用serve sb./ sth.的结构，不能译成be served to。进程也是一个范畴词，可以省略不译。另外，be subordinated to是一个固定结构，含义是从属于.，隶属于.。6. It is not until they lose it大家对not until/until的用法掌握比较好，不过比较少人用it来替代下文的health，答案的替代比较简洁，翻译中应该避免重复使用同一个词。7.with dirty clothes这里主要是考察be stuffed with (被填满)的用法，这是一个四

8、级单词，是搭配问题。8.With many friends absent这里主要是考察对absent adj./vi./absence n.缺席的各种表达，如果按照原文“不在”翻译，显然比较生硬且与下文不符，因此要善于根据上下文推断原文意思。9.What impressed me the most名词性从句what impressed me the most，有部分沪友遗漏了其中的“the”，表示最高级一般都要使用定贯词the，如the largest、the hardest等。10. less powerful than the ones we have made很多人都用比较级，可是却忽略

9、了比较级是用在形容词/副词上的，如faster、bigger、more beautiful等。因此这里应该用power的形容词powerful，另要强调机器是我们制造的-we have made.1. It was essential that _we sign the contract by the end of the month_ (我们在月底前签订合同).2. _Whether _a lager _ family is good or not _(家庭人口多好还是人口少好)is a very popular topic，which is often talked about not o

10、nly by city residents but by farmers as well.3. We must _help them in every way possible _ (用一切可能的办法来帮助他们).4. We _ate to our hearts content_ (尽情地吃了一顿)at the new restaurant last Friday.5. To most of the travelers，_food ,clothing shelter,and transportation_ (衣、食、住、行)are all important elements.1. We si

11、gn the contract by the end of the month解析：当表示愿望，要求，命令等含义的形容词如 advisable，appropriate，better，best，desirable，essential，fitting， imperative，important，impossible，incredible，insistent，natural，necessary， obligatory，preferable，proper，ridiculous，strange，surprising，urgent，vital 出现在形式主语句中时，从句要用虚拟语气。签订合同英语固定说法是

12、sign the contract。在月底前要用by the end of，而不是at the end of。2. Whether a large family is good or not解析：如果按照中文顺序逐一翻译就会得出译文Whether a large family is good thing or a small family is a good thing，这并没有语法错误，但不符合英语表达习惯。家庭人口多好还是少好可以理解为：家庭人口多是好事?还是坏事?所以这里我们可以采用反译法，将还是人口少好转移为汉语意思为(人口多是好)还是不好的英文表达-or not，使译文简洁明了，避免

13、罗嗦。3. help them in every way possible解析：本题最有可能出现的译文是：use very possible way to help them。这样译文不能说错，但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里，通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后，所以可得出译文：help them in every possible way。原句可能出现在被修饰语办法之前。根据英文习惯，可能的对应词possible应该放在所修饰的中心词way之后，所以有了最终译文：help them in every way possible。4. ate to our hearts content解析：本题让考

14、生们困扰的是如何翻译一顿这个量词。其实，一顿是汉语特有的量词表达，是对吃这个动作的补充说明。在那家新餐馆吃就暗含了吃了一顿的含义。英语里没有一顿的对应词。一般来说，可以不译，不影响全句意思的表达。尽情地是个固定搭配，可译成：to ones hearts content或to the top of ones bent。5. food，clothing，shelter，and transportation解析：本题要求考生熟悉汉英习语在转移时的异同。有些汉语习语在转移成英语时不需要变换位置。如：日日夜夜(day and night);但也有一些需要改变前后顺序，如：新旧(old and new);

15、水火(fire and water);田径(track and field);钢铁(iron and steel);贫富(rich and poor);血肉(flesh and blood)。请注意本题中哪些词语的英译改变了顺序。1. _To keep healthy _ (为了维护健康)，there are at least three things we can do every day.2. _He has some vague（不明确的，模糊的） ideas what to do _(他大概知道他要做什么)，but nothing specific.3. We need to live

16、 a regular life. That is，_we keep good hours , stop/restrain/(refrain from)_smoking and drinking _ (我们要早睡早起，戒除烟酒).4. Could you _recommend me a good book on physics_(给我介绍一本关于物理方面的好书)?5. In addition, we should not _neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society_(忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会).1. To k

17、eep healthy解析：本句意为：为了维护健康，我们每天至少可做三件事。英文里不能将两个或两个以上的简单句糅杂在一句话中。句子需填入部分在全句里充当的成分是目的状语。维护健康是未来要去做的事情，是努力的方向，应说成To keep healthy，也可以用In order to keep healthy来表示目的。2. He has some vague ideas about what to do解析：他大概知道他要做什么言下之意是：他其实并不清楚要做什么。于是有考生会误译成He has some unclear ideas about what to do. 本题考查选词。unclear

18、是指句意、字迹不清楚，使人难以看懂、不能肯定的。而由nothing specific可知，他的想法很多，很混乱，不能形成一个确定的、清晰的计划。所以用vague更准确。vague是指含混不清的，多用于比喻意义，用来表示因逻辑关系不清，言辞笼统而导致的意义不清楚。如：a vague idea(模糊的想法);He was a little vague when I asked what had happened.(我问他出了什么事时，他一无所知。)3. we keep good hours and restrain smoking and drinking解析：早睡早起不能按照字面直译成sleep

19、 and get up early。这样的翻译就Chinglish了，老外理解不了。我们需要运用意译法。早睡早起的含义就是要有一个合理、规则的作息时间，英文说成keep good hours。另外表示戒除的词有：restrain，refrain，stop等。refrain是一个不及物动词，后面不能直接加上宾语 smoking and drinking，必须用及物动词短语refrain from来表示，当然也可以选择restrain或stop或deny oneself to。4. recommend me a good book on Physics解析：这里的介绍不能照着字面理解翻译成常见的i

20、ntroduce。作介绍讲时是用于人们相遇时进行的介绍;引见;使互相认识。这句话中的介绍是要请别人给推荐一本书，因此要选用recommend作为介绍的对应词。同样，翻译他向我们介绍了一些教学经验这句话时，也不能使用 introduce。应该译作He told us something about his experience in teaching. 考生要注意，汉译英是一定要首先理解汉语的实际语义，才能避免英语选词错误。5. neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society解析：本题考点有：ignore与neglect的辨

21、析，宾语从句的运用和形容词温馨的表达。ignore也有忽视的意思，但它是指故意忽略某人的存在，不予理睬。如：I tried to tell her but she ignored me.(我打算告诉她，可是她不理睬我。)She saw him coming but she ignored him.(她看见他走过来，但装作没看到他。)neglect强调疏忽、忽略某个事实，如：neglect their warnings(不顾他们的警告)。本句从含义上讲用neglect更贴切。原句需填补部分是一个从句，neglect可以加that再加从句。 warm有温暖、激烈、热烈、兴奋的意思，但表达温馨不合适

22、;而friendly除了表示友好的、友谊的，也可以指气氛温馨。1. One need only ask first-year university students what music they listen to , how much of it and what it means to them, in order to discover that the phenomenon is universal in America, that it begins in adolescence or a bit before and continues through the college y

23、ears.1、只要问问大学一年级的学生他们听什么音乐，那对他们有多重要或者说意味着什么，就可以发现在美国是个普遍现象，它开始于青春期或更早的时候但会延续整个大学时代。2. They start, like the pharisee in the parable , by thanking God that the y are not as other men are, and proceed to paint a picture of those other men, hardly more flattering than that which Swift painted of the Yah

24、oos.2、像寓言中的古法利赛人一样，他们感谢上帝他们与普通人不一样，去画那些人的图画，几乎比Swift画的人形兽还要好看。3. Each time the dream was a promise out of our ancient articles of faith, phrases from the constitution, lines from the great anthem of the nation, guarantees from the Bill of Rights, all ending with a vision that they might one day all

25、come true3、每一次梦想都是来自于古老的忠诚的承诺，宪法中的词句，国歌中的歌词，*法案所保证，都是以希望有一天它能成为现实的期望来结束的。4. For many the day seemed an adventure, a long outing in the late summer sunpart liberation from home, part Sunday school picnic, part political convention, and part fish fry.4、对于许多人来说，这一天像冒险活动，在盛夏和阳光下长时间等着有的是从家里出来轻松，有的是学校周日野炊

26、，有的是政治会议，有的烤鱼吃。5. It may not “look to it” at once, since it is looking to so many things, but it will be a long time before it forgets the melodious(悦耳的) and melancholy (忧郁的) voice of the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther Jr., crying out his dreams to the multitude(大众).5、也许不能注意到它，因为在注意着许多事情，但是很长时间后也很难忘记Rev、Dr、

27、Martin、Luther.Jr.,用悦耳忧郁的声音向大众呼喊出他的梦想。1. He is _not so much a scholar_ (他与其说是个学者)as a writer.2. The parents should also set the kids free _to make their own choices_ (以便他们自己做选择).3. Some freshmen _make up their minds_ (打定主意)to pursue a masters degree after undergraduate studies.4. So it is essential f

28、or the students _to participate social ativity/practice_(深入社会实践)in order to learn something that they cant get in class.5.In order to improve the competence of state-run enterprises，the central government _has implemented (carried out ) a series of reforms_ (已经实行了一系列改革)，among which is cutting down t

29、he staff.1. not so much a scholar解析：本句意为：与其说他是个学者不如说是个作家。考查的是与其.倒不如.的句型。句中所给部分已有as，所以最好用 not so much.as.。如：In many cases，nursing is not so much a job as a way of life.(在许多情况下，护理与其说是是一件工作倒不如说是一种生活方式。)2. to make their own choices解析：考查目的状语以便的英文表达，正确答案可以是：in order to/to/so as to+动词，也可以用in order/so+that从

30、句。具体要根据字数要求定。3. make up their minds解析：本句意为：许多大一新生打定主意要在本科毕业后继续争取硕士学位。打定主意、决定下来可选用：make up ones mind to do，be determined to do，decide to do。题中pursue表示坚持不懈地追求，如：She pursued the study of English for five years.(她持续不断地学了五年英语。)4. to participate in social practice解析：本句意为：对学生而言，有必要深入社会实践，从而学到课堂上学不到的东西。深入事实

31、上是指学生要参与社会实践，因此确切译法是to participate，社会实践可译成social practice或social activity。5. has implemented a series of reforms解析：本句意为：为了提高国有企业的竞争力，政府已经实行了一系列改革，其中一项是裁员。这里大家要记住国有企业的表达，而外资企业应译为 oversea-funded enterprise或foreign-based company。实行可选用implement，carry out，由于是一系列改革，因此reform要用复数形式。另外已经暗示句子应该用完成时态。1. The finding of this study failed to _take peoples sleep quality in to account_(consideration)_ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).2. The prevent and treatment