英语教学综合专硕考研王蔷《英语教学法教程》考研真题集.docx

1、英语教学综合专硕考研王蔷英语教学法教程考研真题集英语教学综合专硕考研王蔷英语教学法教程考研真题集一、语言和语言学习. Fill in the blanks.1. According to the _ theory represented by Vygotsky, learning is best achieved through the dynamic interaction between the teacher and the learner and between learners.（山东师范大学2018研）【答案】socio-constructivist ！【解析】本题考查的是社会建构

2、主义理论的观点。以维果茨基为代表的社会建构主义理论认为学习的最佳途径是师生之间以及学生之间的活跃互动。2. The functional view not only sees language as a _ system but also a means for doing things.（安徽师范大学2015研）【答案】linguistic ！【解析】本题考查的是功能主义语言理论。该种语言理论不仅将语言视作语言系统，还将它看作一种方法。3. There are at least three theoretical views of language and the nature of lan

3、guage proficiency. The first is _, the second is _ and the third is _.（天津师范大学2012研）【答案】structural view，functional view，interactional view ！【解析】本题考查的是语言理论。语言理论有三种，分别是结构主义语言理论、功能主义结构理论和交互式语言理论。4. The constructivist theory believes that _ is a process in which learners construct meaning based on their

4、own experiences and what they already know.（山东师范大学2017研）【答案】learning ！【解析】本题考查的是建构主义学习理论的观点。建构主义认为：学习是学习者依据已有经验和已有知识建构意义的过程。5. _ theories emphasize the nature of the human and physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, the kind of input learners receive,

5、 and the atmosphere.【答案】Condition-oriented ！【解析】以（学习）条件为导向的理论注重人的本质和语言学习的物理环境，如学生的人数，学习者接收的语言输入类型，以及学习气氛。6. The _ theory of language learning was initiated by behavioural psychologist Skinner.【答案】behaviourist ！【解析】语言学习的行为主义理论是由行为主义心理学家斯金纳提出的。7. Skinner suggested that language is also a form of _.【答案

6、】behaviour ！【解析】斯金纳认为，语言也是一种行为。8. The term _ is often used loosely to describe methods in which students are asked to think rather than simply repeat.【答案】cognitivism ！【解析】认知主义常用于描述那些需要学生思考而不只是重复的教学方法。9. According to Chomsky, language is not a form of behaviour, it is an intricate _ system and a larg

7、e part of language acquisition is the learning of this system.【答案】rule-based ！【解析】乔姆斯基认为，语言并不是一种行为，而是一套精密的以规则为基础的系统，语言习得主要是学习这一系统。10. The _ theory believes that learning is a process in which the learner constructs meaning based on his/ her own experiences and what he/ she already knows.【答案】construc

8、tivist ！【解析】建构主义认为，语言学习是学习者基于自己的知识和经验建构意义的过程。11. _ theory emphasizes interaction and engagement with the target language in a social context.【答案】Socio-constructivist ！【解析】社会建构主义理论注重学习者在社会环境中使用目的语进行互动（的能力）。12. The most important and most difficult part of the making of a good language teacher is the

9、development of _.【答案】professional competence ！【解析】成为一位优秀的语言教师最重要也是最难的是职业能力的发展。13. Wallace uses a _ to demonstrate the development of professional competence.【答案】reflective model ！【解析】华莱士采用一个“反思模型”来解释（教师）职业技能的发展。14. In language teaching, methodology is the study of the practices and procedures used i

10、n teaching, and the _ and _ that underlie them.【答案】principles，beliefs ！【解析】语言教学的方法论是指对语言教学实践和步骤，及其背后的原则和观念的研究。15. The functional view not only sees language as a _ system but also a _ for doing things.【答案】linguistic，means/ tool ！【解析】功能主义语言观认为语言不仅仅是一套语言系统，还是一套做事的工具。16. The way language teachers teach

11、 in the classroom is to some extent influenced by the way they _ languages.【答案】learned ！【解析】语言教师学习语言的方式从某种程度上影响他们的课堂教学方式。17. Different views on language generate different _.【答案】teaching methodologies ！【解析】对语言的不同观点会产生不同的教学方法。18. In the past century, language teaching and learning practice has been i

12、nfluenced by three different views of language: the _ view, the _ view and the _ view.【答案】structural，functional，interactional ！【解析】上世纪的语言教学和语言学习受三种语言观的影响：结构主义，功能主义，交互主义。19. _ theories are concerned with how the mind organises new information such as habit formation, induction, making inference, hypo

13、thesis testing and generalization.【答案】Process-oriented ！【解析】以（认知）过程为导向的理论力图解释大脑怎样组织新信息，如习惯的形成，归纳，推断，假设的验证，以及概括。. Multiple Choice1. _ emphasizes interaction and engagement with the target language in a social context.（江苏大学2018研）A. Behaviourist theoryB. Cognitive theoryC. Cognitive constructivismD. So

14、cial constructivism【答案】D ！【解析】本题考查的是有关语言学习理论的知识点。其中社会建构主义理论强调在社会情境中与目标语言的互动，因此正确答案为D。2. Which of the following is NOT based on the definition of language?A. Syllabus design.B. Teaching style.C. Teaching methodology.D. Assessment procedures in the classroom.【答案】B ！【解析】语言的定义是教学大纲设计（syllabus design）、教学

15、方法（teaching methodology）、课堂教学和测评程序（teaching and assessment procedures in the classroom）的基础。教师的教学风格虽与教师对语言的理解有关，但不是以语言的定义为基础的。因此，本题的正确答案为B。3. Which of the following statements is NOT true about audio-lingual method?A. It is not used in the world today.B. Language is learned by constant repetition and

16、 the reinforcement of the teacher.C. Mistakes were immediately corrected.D. Correct utterances were immediately praised.【答案】A ！【解析】听说法是语言教学法的一种。它认为语言是通过不断的重复和教师的加强学习的。在听说法教学中，教师会立即指出学生的语言错误，立即表扬学生的正确言语。听说法仍然在世界的许多地方被采用。因此，本题的正确答案为A。4. Which of the following is NOT the quality of a good language teac

17、her?A. Ethic devotion.B. Desirable personal styles.C. Good educational background.D. Necessary professional qualities.【答案】C ！【解析】一位优秀的语言教师具有三个方面的素养：良好的职业道德，优秀的个性，以及必备的职业技能。其中，职业技能的发展对于一位优秀的语言教师是最重要也是最难的。因此，本题的正确答案为C。5. Which of the following is NOT true about how people learn a foreign language?A. P

18、eople started learning a foreign language at different ages.B. People learn languages for different reasons.C. People learn languages in the same way.D. Leaning can be affected by the way how language is taught.【答案】C ！【解析】调查发现，人们开始学习一门外语的年龄是不同的，人们学习外语的原因也是不同的，而且人们学习语言的方式也不同。同时，语言的学习受语言教学方式的影响。因此，本题的

19、正确答案为C。. True or False1. The answer to “What is language” is the basis of syllabus design, teaching methodology, teaching and assessment procedures in the classroom.（江苏大学2018研）【答案】T ！【解析】本题考查的是语言观点的知识点。语言是教学大纲设计，教学法以及课堂教学与评估步骤的基础。因此该表述正确。2. The theory of learning underlying Audiolingualism is behavi

20、orism.（天津师范大学2011研）【答案】T ！【解析】本题考查的是听说语言学的基础。听说法是行为主义学习理论得到的有影响的结果，也为听说语言学的发展奠定了基础。因此该表述正确。3. John Dewey believed that teaching should be built based on what learners already knew and engage learners in learning activities.【答案】T ！【解析】约翰杜威认为，教学应该基于学习者已有的知识结构，让学习者参与到学习活动中。4. Whether someone can become

21、 a good foreign language teacher does not solely depend on his/ her command of the language.【答案】T ！【解析】一个人能否成为优秀的外语教师不仅仅取决于他（或她）对这门语言的掌握（程度）。5. Teachers benefit from practice if they keep on reflecting on what their work.【答案】T ！【解析】教师如果持续反思（教学）工作就能从教学实践中获益。6. In Krashens Monitor Model of second lang

22、uage development, learning is not conscious and does not occur in formal situations or through formal grammatical rules, while acquisition is a conscious process marked by the presence of error correction and rule isolation.【答案】F ！【解析】克拉申认为学习（learning）是一个有意识的过程，表现在修正错误（error correction）和孤立规则（rule is

23、olation），而习得（acquisition）是一个无意识的过程。7. The interactional view of language does not consider language as a communicative tool, whose main use is to build up and maintain social relations between people.【答案】F ！【解析】交互主义语言观认为语言是一种交际工具，其主要用途是建立和维持人与人之间的社会关系。8. The structural view of language sees language

24、 as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems.【答案】T ！【解析】结构主义语言观认为语言是由多个子系统构成的语言系统。9. Generally, a language system includes three aspects: pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary.【答案】T ！【解析】语言系统一般包括三个方面：语音、语法和词汇。10. The influential result of the behaviourism is the audio-lingual method.【答案】T ！

25、【解析】听说法的产生是结构主义的影响的结果。11. Skinner suggested that language can be learned the same way as an animal is trained to respond to stimuli.【答案】T ！【解析】斯金纳认为学习语言与训练动物对刺激进行反应是一样的。12. Chomsky agreed that language is a form of behaviour.【答案】F ！【解析】乔姆斯基不同意行为主义的观点，即他认为语言不是一种行为。. Explain the following terms.1. Nat

26、ural approach（首都师范大学2016研）Key: The natural approach is a method of language teaching developed by Stephen Krashen and Tracy Terrell in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It aims to foster naturalistic language acquisition in a classroom setting, and to this end it emphasizes communication, and places d

27、ecreased importance on conscious grammar study and explicit correction of student errors. Efforts are also made to make the learning environment as stress-free as possible. In the natural approach, language output is not forced, but allowed to emerge spontaneously after students have attended to lar

28、ge amounts of comprehensible language input.2. Socio-constructivist theory（安徽师范大学2015研）Key: Socio-constructivist theory refers to a kind of language learning theory. It emphasizes interaction and engagement with the target language in a social context based on the concept of “Zone of Proximal Develo

29、pment” and scaffolding. In other words, learning is best achieved through the dynamic interaction between the teacher and the learner and between learners. With the teachers scaffolding through questions and explanations, or with a more capable peers support, the learner can move to a higher level o

30、f understanding and extend his/her skills and knowledge to the fullest potential.3. Structural view of language（天津师范大学2010研）Key: The structural view of language sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems: the sound system (phonology), the discrete units of meaning produced by

31、 sound combinations (morphology), and the system of combining units of meaning for communication (syntax). Each language has a finite number of such structural items. To learn a language means to learn these structural items so as to be able to understand and produce language. When this structural view of language was combined with the stimulus-response principles of behavioristic psychology, the audio-lingual approach to language learning emerged.4. Behaviorism（首都师范大学2014研）Key: As for the behaviorist theory, it is ba