版英语一轮精品复习学案Unit1《Festivals around the world》新人教版必修3.docx

1、版英语一轮精品复习学案Unit1Festivals around the world新人教版必修3英语一轮复习学案：Unit1Festivals around the world（新人教版必修3）【高考新动向】【考纲全景透析】【重点单词】1. starve vt.&vi. (使)饿死；饥饿；渴望，急需 例如：Shes starving herself trying to lose weight她为了减轻体重而忍饥挨饿。【拓展延伸】starve for渴望得到 starve to death 饿死be starved of sth. = hope/long for sth.极需，缺乏starve

2、 sbinto sthdoing sth使某人挨饿以迫使其做某事starvation n挨饿；饿死The plants are starving for water. 这些植物极需要水 They got lost in the desert and starved to death他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死The engine was starved of petrol and wouldnt start.发动机缺油，发动不起来【即境活用】用starve的短语的适当形式填空。1). Thousands of people _ _ _ in Africa. 2). These children ar

3、e _ _ love.3). The people on the island _ _ _ fresh water since it hadnt rained for nearly half a year.Keys: 1). starved to death/died of starvation 2). starving for 3). were starved of 2. belief n. c,u 信任；信仰；信心 believe vt.&vi. 相信例如：1). He has great belief in his doctor. 他对那位医生无比信赖。2). She has lost

4、her belief in God. 她已不相信上帝（不相信真有上帝）。have belief in sth/sb 对某事物/人的真实性和正确性所具有的信心 beyond belief 难以置信 in the belief that. 相信 It is my belief that. 我相信 【即境活用】用belief的短语填空。1). He came to me _ _ _ _ I could help him. 2). _ _ _ _ that nuclear weapons are immoral.3). The cruelty of the murders was _ _. 答案：1)

5、. in the belief that 2). It is my belief 3). beyond belief3. gain n. 获得；增加；获利，获得物；收益；利润；vt. 得到；获得，赢得，增加，增添，到达；（钟、表等）快该词有三种含义：1). 表示经过努力一点一点地获得自己渴望的东西He has gained rich experience in these years. 这些年他已获取了丰富的经验。2). 表示速度、重量等慢慢增加He gained weight after recovery from his illness. 康复后他的体重增加了。3).（钟，表）走快This

6、 clock gains five minutes a day. 这只钟每天快5分钟。拓展gain experience / fame / independence 获得经验/名望/独立 gain sth. from 从处获得某物gain other s respect / love / trust 获得别人的尊敬/爱戴/信任 No pains, no gains. 一分耕耘,一分收获。【辨析】：gain, win, get, earn, acquiregain指在斗争，竞争中做出很大努力而“获得”，所得的东西常具有一定价值win含有取胜的一方具有优越的特质或条件而能克服各种障碍的意思，意为“

7、赢得”get为普通词，有时指不一定需要努力就能“得到” earn意为“赚得”，表示经过艰苦努力所得的报酬acquire意为“获得，取得”，一般指通过漫长的过程而逐渐获得【即境活用】win/get/gain/earn/acquire填空对比：Im new in the job but Im already _ experience.Please_ me a glass of waterHis perseverance _him many friends and a gold medalHe_ up to$50，000 a year by writing storiesAfter six year

8、s study，he has _a good knowledge of English【答案】gain get win earn acquire4. award n. 奖；奖品 vt. 授予；判定作动词时后接双宾语，award sb. sth. 颁发给某人某物 be awarded for 因而受奖。例如：Medals were awarded to the best speakers on the debating team. 奖章授给辩论队中的最佳演说者He got the highest award in the contest他得到了比赛的最高奖。He won the award fo

9、r the best student of the year他获得本年度优秀学生奖【辨析】：award/prize/rewardaward既可作动词也可作名词，指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人而进行的奖励，往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少prize为名词，多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得reward既可作动词也可作名词，指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助警察抓到罪犯或帮助失主找到东西而得到的赏金、酬金He won the award for the best student of the year他获得本年度优秀学生

10、奖A prize was given to the person who had the winning number.奖品奖给了那个获得中奖号码的人He received a medal as a reward for his courage他得到一枚奖章，作为对他勇敢的奖赏【即境活用】Three university departments have been _$600,000 to develop good practice in teaching and learning Apromoted Bincluded Csecured Dawarded【解析】D 考查动词词义辨析。区分动词

11、意思，按照句意排除。promote 促进，提升；include包括；secure保证，是安全；award授予，奖给5. admire vt. 赞美；钦佩；羡慕I have to admire Wang Nan for her persistence.我不得不佩服王楠那种坚韧的精神。I am filled with admiration for his courage. = I have admiration for his courage. 我对他的勇敢十分敬佩。He gave me an admiring look .他向我投以赞美的一瞥。【即境活用】We _ the old scienti

12、st _ his contribution _the country.A. admire; for; to B. admire; at; to C. respect; on; for D. respect; on; at【解析】选A。考查admire sb. for sth.和contribution to sth. 的用法。前者表示“因某事而钦佩某人”，后者表示“对。的贡献”。6. permission n.u 许可；允许 permit vt. 准许；许可；允许 permit n.许可（证）；执照例如： You have my permission to leave. 我准你离开。拓展wit

13、h/without (one s) permission得到允许/未经允许 ask sb. for permission 征求某人的许可give sb. permission to do sth.: permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 have one s permission得到某人的同意 【即境活用】完成句子或用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1). They entered the area _ _ (未经允许). 2). The prison authorities permit _ (visit) only once a month. 3). We have ar

14、ranged to play tennis on Saturday, weather _ (permit).4). You will need to obtain planning _ (permit) if you want to extend your house.答案：1). without permission 2). visiting 3). permitting 4). permission7. apologise vi. 道歉，辩白apologise to sb. for （doing）sth.=make an apology to sb. for sth. 因某事向某人道歉Yo

15、u should apologise to your teacher for coming late你应该为你的迟到向你的老师道歉I must apologise for my mistake我必须为我的错误表示道歉I do apologise for giving you so much trouble while I am here我在这期间给您添麻烦真是对不起。【拓展延伸】(1)英语口语中其他表示道歉的句式还有：I am really sorrybut I seem to have misplaced your bag somewhere真对不起，我好像把你的书包丢在什么地方了。I fe

16、el terrible，but Ive just broken your beautiful vaseI dont know what to say，Id like to replace it真是抱歉极了，我刚才把你那个漂亮的花瓶打碎了。我真不知说什么好，我想赔偿（2）对于道歉的同答，可以用下列句式来表达：Dont worry about it别担心Just forget about it别再提这件事了。别再把这件事放在心上了Its not important那算不了什么Thats OK没关系Its nothing没有什么It doesnt matter没关系【即境活用】The headmas

17、ter told the boy _ the angry teacher, but he refused to.A. to apologize B.apologize to C. to apologize for D. to apologize to来源:Z_xx_k.Com【解析】D。考查动词的搭配。按照句意，区分动词的搭配即可。Tell sb to do sth.让某人去做某事；apologize to sb.向某人道歉8. remind vt. 提醒；使想起例如：1). This story reminds me of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。2). I

18、reminded Gerald of his promise. 我提醒吉罗德他曾许下的诺言。3). Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow. 请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。拓展remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事 remind sb. of / about sth. 提醒某人记住某事 remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 remind sb. that. 提醒某人/使某人想起【即境活用】汉译英。1). 这些照片使我想起我的童年。_ 2). 请提醒我要每天服三次药。_ 答案：1). These photos

19、 remind me of my childhood. 2). Please remind me to take my medicine three times a day. Please remind me that I should take my medicine three times a day.【重点短语】1. take place 发生 take place为不及物动词短语，无被动语态例如：The reception will take place on Saturday.招待会将在星期六举行【拓展延伸】place短语归纳take the place of 代替/取代 in th

20、e first place (用于列举理由)首先，第一点in the last place 最后 in ones place 处于某人的位置，为某人设身处地想一想in place 放在本来的位置，就位 out of place不在合适的位置；不适当的in place of 代替，用而不用take sb s place / take the place of sb. 代替某人；接替某人的位置Money is being used in place of something more direct.金钱正在被更直接地用来取代某种东西。Before you leave the office, eve

21、rything should be put in place.在离开办公室之前, 应把所有物品摆放好Who will take Mr Millers place? 谁将代替米勒先生？ 【辨析】：happen/take place/occurhappen是普通用语，使用广泛，其“发生”往往带有意外偶然性。另外happen也可作“碰巧”讲，这时后面要接to do sth。take place一般是按意图、计划“发生”，事情往往是事先安排好的，还可引申为举行、进行的意思occur用于指具体事物时，可与happen互换(但happen后加不定式时，不能与occur换用)；另外occur还有“想起”的意

22、思，这时不可同happen互换 I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home.我碰巧看到他回家A big earthquake occurred (=happened) in the south of China last year.去年中国的南方发生了一场大地震It occurred to me that she didnt know I had moved into the new house.我突然想起来她不知道我已经搬进了新家Great changes have tak

23、en place in our hometown during the past ten years.在过去的十年中，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化【即境活用】World Expo of 2010 will _ in Shanghai China Beijing.Maybe something unexpected _.It _ to him that he had forgotten to take his briefcase.【答案】take place happened occurred2. in memory of纪念；追念to the memory of = in memory of 为了

24、纪念have a good/bad memory for sth. 善于记/不善于记 1). Many ceremonies are in memory of famous people. 很多典礼是为了纪念名人的。2). The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那为有名的科学家而建立的。短语归纳 in + n. + of 短语：in honour of 为了纪念；向表示敬意 in praise of 歌颂 in favor of 赞同, 支持 in charge of 负责 in need of 需要

25、in search of 寻找 in possession of 拥有 in place of 代替 【即境活用】 用in + n. + of构成的词组填空。1). A monument was set up _ _ _ the dead soldiers.2). He founded the charity (兴办那项慈善事业)_ _ _his late wife.3). If you are _ _ _ anything, don t hesitate to let me know.4). In the discussion, I was _ _ _ Mr. Li.答案：1). in me

26、mory/honour of 2). in memory of 3). in need of 4). in favor of3. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰dress作“打扮自己或打扮某人”讲，与介词as或like连用或用dress up as sb或dress up for sth短语归纳 dress up for sth. 为某事而盛装 dress up as sb. 打扮成为某人be dressed in 穿着(衣服或颜色) dress sb./oneself 给某人或自己穿衣服We are supposed to dress up as movie characters for

27、 the party, what a novel idea!我们在晚会上要装扮得像电影中的角色，这是一个多么新奇的主意啊！They dress up for the occasion. 为了参加这个活动，他们都穿上了盛装She dress up in Elizabethan costume for the fancy-dress ball.她穿上伊丽莎白的服装去参加化妆舞会【拓展延伸】(1)dress vt&vi(给)穿衣，打扮 dress+sb.oneself beget dressed in+(衣服或表颜色的词) dress+adv(或表目的、场合的介词短语)She always dres

28、ses in black. 她总穿着黑衣服。The mother is dressing her baby. 母亲正为婴孩穿衣 The girl dresses fashionably. 那女孩穿着时髦 (2)dress n服装，衣服；连衣裙 evening dress晚礼服【即境活用】 _in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed【解析】D 考查dress的状态形式。掌握dress的用法。be dressed

29、in 穿，表示一种状态。4. play a trick/tricks on 对某人搞恶作剧/诈骗/开玩笑；对某人施计谋The kids are always playing tricks on their teacher. 孩子们老是对他们的老师搞恶作剧。短语归纳play a joke/jokes on sb. = make fun of sb. 开某人的玩笑 laugh at sb. 嘲笑某人【即境活用】 填介词或用所给词的适当形式填空。1). He was let in by playing a trick _ (介词) the guard. 2). She hated _ (play)

30、tricks on in public.答案：1). on 2). being played 5. look forward to 盼望；期待例如：1). Im looking forward to seeing you this summer vacation. 我期待暑假见到你。 2). I m really looking forward to our vacation. 我盼望着假期早日到来。短语归纳 短语中to是介词，后接名词、代词及动词-ing形式：lead to导致；通向 object to反对 refer to查阅；提到 stick to粘住；坚持add to 增加 add up to