特色英语case资料1 文档.docx

1、特色英语case资料1 文档Case1(Page23)三种文化 while visiting egyptThiscasetookplacein3cultures.Thereseemedtobeproblemsincommunicatingwithpeopleofdifferentculturesinspiteoftheeffortstoachieveunderstnading.1）InEgyptasinmanycultures,thehumanrelationshipisvaluedsohighlythatitisnotexpressedinanobjectiveandimpersonalwa

2、y.WhileAmericanscertainlyvaluehumanrelationships,theyaremorelikelytospeakoftheminlesspersonal,moreobjectiveterms.Inthiscase,Richardsmistakemightbethathechosetopraisethefooditselfratherthanthetotalevening,forwhichthefoodwassimplythesettingorexcuse.Forhishostorhostessitwasasifhehadattendedanartexhibit

3、andcomplimentedtheartistbysaying,“Whatbeautifulframesyourpicturesarein!”2）InJapanthesituationmaybemorecomplicated.Japanesepeoplevalueorderandharmonyamongagroup,andthatthegroupisvaluedmorethananyparticularmember.Incontrast,Americansstressindividualityandareapttoassertindividualdifferenceswhentheyseem

4、justifiablytobeinconflictwiththegoalsorvaluesofthegroup.Inthiscase,Richardsmistakewasmakinggreateffortstodefendhimselfeveniftheerrorisnotintentiona.Asimpleapologyandacceptanceoftheblamewouldhavebeenappropriate3)WhenitcomestoEngland,wexpectfewerproblemsbetweenAmericansandEnglishmenthanbetweenAmerican

5、sandalmostanyothergroup.Inthiscasewemightlookbeyondthegestureoftakingsugarorcreamtothevaluessexpressedinthisgesture:forAmericans,“Helpyourself”;fortheEnglishcounterpart,“Bemyguest.”AmericanandEnglishpeopleequallyenjoyentertainingandbeingentertained,buttheydifferinthevalueofthedistinction.Typically,t

6、heidealguestatanAmericanpartyisobewho“makeshimselfathome”.FortheEnglishhost,suchguestbehaviorispresumptuousorrude.Case2(Page24)韩国留学生 I was frustrated with a low Acommonculturalmisunderstandinginclassesinvolvsconflictsbetweenwhatissaidtobedirectcommunicationstyleandindirectcommunicationstyle.InAmeric

7、anculture,peopletendtosaywhatisontheirmindsandmeanwhattheysay.Therefore,studentsinclassareexpectedtoaskquestionswhentheyneedclarification.MexicanculturesharesthispreferenceofstylewithAmericancultureinsomesituations,andthatswhythestudentsfromMexicoreadilyadoptedthetechniquesofaskingquestionsinclass.H

8、owever,Koreanpeoplegenerallypreferindirectcommunicationstyle,andthereforetheytendnottosaywhatisontheirmindsandtorelymoreonimplicationsandinference,soastobepoliteandrepectfulandavoidlosingfacethroughanyimproperverbalbehavior.Asismentionedinthecase,tomanyKoreans,numerousquestionswouldshowadisrespectfo

9、rtheteacher,andwouldalsoreflectthatthestudenthasnotstudiedhardenough.Case3(Page24)随身听Our school offers a term abroad Theconflicthereisadifferenceinculturalvaluesandbeliefs.Inthebeginning,MarydidntrealizethatherDominicansistersawherasamemberofthefamily,literally.IntheDominicanview,familypossessionsar

10、esharedbyeveryoneofthefamily.LuzwasactingasmostDominicansisterswooulddoinborrowingwithoutaskingeverytime.OnceMaryunderstoodthattherewasadifferentwayoflookingatthis,shewouldbecomemoreaccepting.However,shemightstillexperiencefrustrationwhenthishappenedagain.Shehadtofindwaystocopewithherownemotionalcul

11、turalreactionaswellasherpracticalproblem(thebatteriesrunningout).Case4(Page25)日本人对美国人看法 A young Japanese studentItmightbesimplyaquestionofdifferentrhythms.Americanshaveonerhythmintheirpersonalandfamilyrelations,intheirfriendlinessandtheircharities.Peoplefromothercultureshavedifferentrhythms.TheAmeri

12、canrhythmisfast.Itischaracterizedbyarapidacceptanceofothers.However,itisseldomthatAmericansengagethemselvesentirelyinafriendship.Theirfriendshiparewarm,butcasualandspecialized.Forexample,youhaveaneighborwhodropsbyinthemorningforcoffee.Youseeherfrequently,butyouneverinviteherfordinner-notbecauseyoudo

13、ntthinkshecouldhandleaforkandaknife,butbecauseyouhaveseenherthatmorning.Therefore,youreserveyourmoreformalinvitationtodinnerforsomeonewholivesinamoredistantpartofthecityandwhomyouwouldnotseeunlessyouextendedaninvitationforaspecialoccasion.Now,ifthefirstfriendmovesawayandthesecondonemovesnearby,youar

14、elikelytoreservethis-seethesecondfriendinthemorningsforinformalcoffeemeetings,andinvitethefirstonemoreformallytodinner.Americansare,inotherwords,guidedveryoftenbytheirownconvenience.Theytendtomakefriendsrapidly,andtheydontfeellikeitnecessarytogotoagreatamountoftroubletoseefriendsoftenwhenitbecomesin

15、convenienttodoso,andusuallynooneishurt.Butinsimilarcircumstances,peoplefrommanyothercultureswouldbehurtverydeeply.Case5(Page60)中国导游 In early 1980sAnalysis:TheChineseguideshouldrefusethefirstofferbecauseheisobeyingtheChineserulesforcommunication.WeChinesearemodest,politeandwell-behaved.Maybetheguidei

16、swaitingforasecondorthirdofferofbeer,buthedoesntknowthereasonsbehindtheruleinAmericanculturethatyoudonotpushalcoholicbeveragesonanyone.Apersonmaynotdrinkforreligiousreasons,hemaybeareformedalcoholic,orhemaybeallergic.Whateverthereason,youdonotinsistonofferingalcohol.Sotheypolitelynevermadeasecondoff

17、erofbeertotheguide.Case6(Page61)中国医生的母亲 Ten years agoWhenaspeakersayssomethingtoahearer,thereareatleastthreekindsofmeaningsinvolved:utterancemeaning,thespeakersmeaningandthehearersmeaning.Inthedialogue,whenLitzaskedhowlonghermother-in-lawwasgoingtostay,shemeantthatifsheknewhowlongshewasgoingtosatyin

18、Finland,shewouldbeabletomakeproperarrangementsforher,suchastakingherouttosomesightseeing.However,hermother-in-lawtookLitzsquestiontomean“Litzdoesnotwantmetosatyforlong”.FromtheChinesepointofview,itseemsinappropriateforLitztoasksuchaquestionjusttwodaysafterhermother-in-lawsarrival.Ifshehastoasktheque

19、stion,itwouldbebettertoasksometimelaterandsheshouldnotlethermother-in-lawhearit.Case7(Page62)Analysis:外国学生礼物 As a foreign studentKeikoinsistsongivingvaluablegiftstohercollegefriends,becauseincountrieslikeJapan,exchanginggiftsisastronglyrootedsocialtradition.Shouldyoureceiveagift,anddonthaveonetooffe

20、rinreturn,youwillprobablycreateacrisis.Ifnotasseriousasacrisis,onewhodoesntofferagiftinreturnmaybeconsideredrudeorimpolite.Therefore,inJapan,giftsareasymbolicwaytoshowthecare,respect,gratitudeandfurtherfriendship.Keikoscollegefriendswouldratherroundupsomeofthenecessaryitemsandtheyarewillingtohaveher

21、usethem.Theyreallyexpectednothingfromher.ForinAmerica,peopledonatetheirusedhouseholditemstochurchortothecommunity.TheywouldneverconsidertheseolditemsasgiftstoKeiko.SoKeikosvaluablegiftshavemadeherAmericanfriendsfeeluncomfortableCase8(Page62)爱上中国男孩 I fell in love with WhentheChinesegirlAmyfellinlovew

22、ithanAmericanboyatthattime,itseemsthatshepreferredtocelebrateChritmasintheAmericanway,forshewantedverymuchtoappearthesameasotherAmericangirls.Shedidnotliketoseeherboyfrienddisappointedatthe“shabby”ChineseChristmas.ThatswhyshecriedwhenshefoundoutherparentshadinvitedtheministersfamilyoverfortheChristm

23、asEvedinner.ShethoughtthemenufortheChritmasmealcreatedbyhermotherastrangeonebecausetherewerenoroastturkeyandsweetpotatoesbutonlyChinesefood.Howcouldshenoticethenthefoodchosenbyhermotherwereallherfavorites?Fromthiscase,wecanfindalotofdifferencesbetweentheChineseandWesternculturesinwhatisappropriatefo

24、odforabanquet,whataregoodtablemanners,andhowoneshouldbehavetobehospitable.However,oneshouldneverfeelshamejustbecauseonescultureisdifferentfromothers.AsAmysmothertoldher,youmustbeproudtobedifferent,andyouronlyshameistohaveshame.Case 9 (Page 96) 日本人 Phil Downing ,an eager your executiveTraditional Jap

25、anese respect their elders and feel a deep sense of duty toward them. The elders in traditional Japanese families are typically overpowered. So the grandfather seemed to be an absolute authority for the young chairman. In Japanese culture challenging or disagreeing with eilders opinions would be dee

26、med as being disrespectful. That is why the young chairman said nothing but just nodded and agreed with his grandfather. And it results in the Japanese. companyswithdrawalfromthenegotiationsconcerningarelationshipwithPhilscompanyaweeklater.Case10(Page97)日本公司 mr legrand is a French engineerInJapan,ac

27、ompanyisverymuchlikeabigfamily,inwhichthemanagerwilltakecareoftheemployeesandtheemployeesareexpectedtocevotethemselvestothedevelopmentofthecompanyand,ifitisnecessary,tosacrificetheirowninterestsfortheinterestsofthecompany.ButtotheFrench,acompanyisjustaloosely-knitsocialorganizationwhereinindividualsaresupposedtotakecareofthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Andthefamilyisthenumberonepriority,whichisunliketheJapanesemodel“notinvolvingfemalesandtherighttodecidebydominantmale”.Case11(Page97)日本人在堪培拉 In Canberra Inmostcultures,anapologyisneededwhen