AP 化学.docx

1、AP 化学 Chem AP Home Page How to take this sample test: 1. A question will be shown with all the choices following. 2. On your own piece of paper, mark your response. 3. Once finished, check your answers by selecting the link titled M.C. Answers on the bottom of the page. 4. The correct answers will b

2、e shown on the answer page. 5. You may return to the main screen by selecting the link titled Main on the top of the page. 1. Which is a list of elements in order of increasing metallic character? A. Si, P, S B. As, P. N C. Sr, Ca, Mg D. Br, Se, As E. Na, Ne, F 2. The electron configuration of the o

3、xide ion is most similar to the electron configuration of the A. Sulfide ion B. Nitride ion C. Oxygen atom D. Nitrogen atom E. Fluorine atom 3. The value of Planks constant is 6.63 * 10-34 J * s. The velocity of light is 3.0 * 108 m * s-1. Which value is closest to the wave length in nanometers of a

4、 quantum of light with frequency of 8 * 1015 sec-1? A. 3 * 107 B. 4 * 101 C. 5 * 10-18 D. 2 * 10-25 E. 1 * 10-25 4. What is the number of half-filled orbitals in an atom of chromium? A. 0 B. 2 C. 4 D. 6 E. 12 5. What is the number of electrons in an atom of scandium that have an l quantum number of

5、1? A. 1 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6 E. 12 6. The electron configuration of atoms of element X is shown below Ar 4s23d10 Which is the most likely formula for the compound of this element and oxygen? A. XO B. X2O C. XO2 D. X2O3 E. X2O5 7. Which lists species with the same electron configuration? A. Mg, Ca, Sr B. M

6、g2+, Ca2+, Sr2+ C. S2-, Cl-, K+ D. Fe, Co, Ni E. F-, S2-, As3- 8.One atomic mass unit (amu) is closest to the mass of A. One proton B. One electron C. The oxygen-16 nucleus D. The carbon-12 nucleus E. 6.02 * 1023 atoms of hydrogen 9. All of these molecular shapes can be explained by dsp3 hybridizati

7、on of electrons on the central atom EXCEPT A. Linear B. T-shape C. See-saw D. Octahedral E. Trigonal bipyramidal 10. Which species has a Lewis dot diagram that does not illustrate the octet rule? A. NO3- B. NH3 C. NH4+ D. N2 E. NO2 11. Which substance has the greatest ionic character? A. Cl2O B. NCl

8、3 C. PbCl2 D. BaCl2 E. Ch2Cl2 12. The shape of the IO3- ion is best described as A. see-saw B. T-shaped C. Tetrahedral D. Trigonal planer E. Trigonal pyramidal 13. Pi bonding is found in all of the following EXCEPT: A. N2 B. SCN- C. CO32- D. AsH3 E. C(graphite) 14. What is the number of sp3 hybrid o

9、rbitals associated with the hydronium ion, H3O+? A. none B. two C. three D. four E. six 15. Which change increases the mean free path of molecules in a sample of gas? A. increase in pressure at constant temperature B. increase in density at constant temperature C. increase in temperature at constant

10、 pressure D. increase in temperature at constant volume E. increase in pressure at constant volume 16. Which occurs when a substance is converted from liquid to gas at the normal boiling point? I. Potential energy of the system increases. II. The distance between molecules increases. III. The averag

11、e kinetic energy of the molecules increases. A. I only B. II only C. I and II only D. II and III only E. I, II, and III 17. The lattice points of a crystal of hydrogen iodide, HI, are occupied by A. HI molecules B. H atoms and I atoms C. H+ cations and I- anions D. H2I+ cations and I- anions E. H2 m

12、olecules and I2 molecules 18. Which element forms an oxide that is a molecular solid? A. sodium B. argon C. carbon D. silver E. iron 19. What is the final concentration of Cl- ion when 250 mL of 0.20 M CaCl2 solution is mixed with 250 mL of 0.40 M KCl solution? (Assume additive volumes.) A. 0.10 M B

13、. 0.20 M C. 0.30 M D. 0.40 M E. 0.60 M 20. What volume of water should be added to 0.40 L of 6.0 M H2SO4 solution to produce a solution that is 2.0 M H2SO4? A. 0.40 L B. 0.80 L C. 1.2 L D. 1.6 L E. 2.4 L 21. What is the percent methanol by mass in a solution that contains 20 grams of methanol, CH3OH

14、, in 30 grams of water? A. 20% B. 33% C. 40% D. 60% E. 67% 22. Compared to water, a 0.20 M solution of NaCl will have all of the following properties EXCEPT: A. greater density B. lower vapor pressure C. lower boiling point D. lower freezing point E. greater osmotic pressure 23. In a spontaneous, ex

15、othermic dissolving process, which of these values has a negative sign? I. /Gsoln II. /Hsoln III. T A. I only B. III only C. I and II only D. II and III only E. I, II, and III 24. Which of these Group 2 oxides has the greatest percent by mass oxygen? A. barium oxide B. beryllium oxide C. calcium oxi

16、de D. magnesium oxide E. strontium oxide 25. Which oxides of manganese, Mn, have percent by mass of manganese that is greater than 50%. I. MnO II. MnO2 III. Mn2O2 A. II only B. III only C. I and III only D. II and III only E. I, II, and III 26. Which sample contains the greatest number of nitrogen a

17、toms? (All measurements taken at STP.) A. 0.20 mol N2O4(g) B. 0.40 mol N2(g) C. 40. L NO2(g) D. 40. g NH3(g) E. 80. g N2O4(g) 27. Al3+ + 3e- - Al0 In the half-reaction shown above, the 3e- represents A. 3 * 96, 500 electrons B. 3 * (6.02 * 1023) electrons C. 3 * (6.02 * 1023) coulombs D. 3/27 * 96,

18、500 electrons E. 3/27 * (6.02 * 1023) electrons 28. All of the following apply to the reaction A(g) + B(g) - C(g) as it is carried out at constant temperature in a rigid container EXCEPT: A. The total pressure decreases B. The rate of reaction decreases C. The entropy of the system decreases D. The

19、number of molecules of C decreases E. The frequency of collisions between molecule A and B decreases Rate = kA2B At the beginning of one trial of this reaction, A = 4.0 and B = 1.0. The observed rate was 0.048 mol C * L-1 * sec-1 29. The value of the rate constant for this reaction is closest to A.

20、3 * 102 B. 4 * 100 C. 8 * 10-1 D. 1 * 10-2 E. 3 * 10-3 30. Which is the label for the rate constant? A. mol2 * L-2 * sec-1 B. L * mol-2 * sec-1 C. L2 * mol-2 * sec-1 D. L2 * sec * mol-1 E. L2 * sec * mol-2 31. All of the following decrease the rate of a gas phase reation EXCEPT A. adding inert gas B

21、. removing the catalyst C. increasing the volume D. lowering the temperature E. decreasing the concentration of one of the reactants Rate = kBr-BrO3-H+2 32. The overall order for this reaction is A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 6 E. 12 33. The pH of a 0.010 M solution of a weak acid is 4.0. What is the value for

22、the ionization constant, Ka, for this acid? A. 10-2 B. 10-4 C. 10-6 D. 10-8 E. 10-10 34. The Ksp for PbCl2 is 1.6 * 105. Which maximum amount of NaCl(s) may be added to 1.0 L of 0.010 Pb(NO3)2 solution without causing precipitate to occur? A. 1.6 * 10-5 mol B. 3.2 * 10-5 mol C. 1.6 * 10-3 mol D. 3.2

23、 * 10-3 mol E. 1.6 * 10-2 mol 35. 2O3(g) 3O2(g) Kp = 2.5 * 1012 Consider a system at equilibrium based on the reaction above. In such a system, the concentration of O2(g) is A. constant and equal to the concentration of O3(g) B. constant and less than the concentration of O3(g) C. constant and great

24、er than the concentration of O3(g) D. increasing and the concentration of O3(g) is increasing E. increasing and the concentration of O3(g) is decreasing 36. The molar heat of fusion, /Hfus, for water is 6.01 kJ / mol. Which expression gives the molar entropy of fusion, /Sfus, in kJ / K * mol for ice

25、 at its normal melting point? A. 6.01 / 273 B. 6.01 / 298 C. 6.01 * 4.18 D. 6.01 * 273 E. 6.01 * 298 37. All of the following reactions illustrate an increase in entropy EXCEPT: A. N2O4(g) - 2NO2(g) B. C6H6(l) - C6H6(g) C. 2KClO3(s) - 3O2(g) + 2KCl(s) D. 3Fe(s) + 2O2(g) - Fe3O4(s) E. C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) - 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(g) 38. For the burning o