第二部分 第七节.docx

1、第二部分 第七节第七节特殊句式考向分析热考点高考语法填空及短文改错较少涉及特殊句式。新考向2019年天津卷考查了倒装句。题型一关于特殊句式的语法填空1Chinas approach to protecting its environment while (feed) its citizens offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide.(2018全国)答案feeding解析考查状语从句的省略。句意为：中国在养活了全国人民的同时，又保护了环境。这一做法为全世界的农业和粮食政策制定者提供了很有用的经验。

2、 while 后面省略了China is, 构成“连词现在分词”形式，故填feeding。2Ordinary soap， (use) correctly，can deal with bacteria effectively.(2018北京)答案used 解析考查状语从句的省略。used correctly是if it is used correctly这个条件状语从句的省略形式。句意为：普通的肥皂，如果使用得当，可以有效地清除细菌。故填used。3In any unsafe situation，simply (press) the button and a highlytrained agen

3、t will get you the help you need.(2018北京)答案press解析此处是“祈使句and陈述句”。句意为：在任何不安全的情况下，只要按一下按钮，训练有素的工作人员就会给予你所需要的帮助。故填press。4It could be anythinggardening，cooking，music，sportsbut whatever it is， (make) sure its a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.(2016全国)答案make解析考查祈使句中的动词。根据

4、句子结构可知，本句是but连接的并列句， 结构为“陈述句but祈使句”。此处为祈使句，故谓语要用动词原形make。1祈使句and/or陈述句 2感叹句：记准what名词或名词词组，howadj./adv.Whata/anadj.单数可数名词主语谓语(系动词)!Whatadj.复数或不可数名词主语谓语(系动词)!Howadj.a/an单数可数名词主语谓语(系动词)!Howadj./adv.主语谓语(系动词)!3状语从句的省略when/while/after/until/till/if/unless/as(正如)/though 等引导的状语从句中，从句的主语是it且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式

5、时，省略主语和be动词， 如if so/not, if ever，if any，if possible，if convenient等。状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式时，从句的主语和be可同时省略。1The professor warned the students that on no account they use mobile phones in his class.(2019天津)答案should解析考查倒装和情态动词。句意为：教授警告学生说在他的课上绝不应该使用手机。on no account(绝不)具有否定意义，置于句首时，句子应

6、使用部分倒装结构；再结合句意“不应该”可知，应填should。2It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house we saw Lily in the passenger seat.(2018天津)答案that解析句意为：直到汽车停在我们的房子前时我们才看见莉莉坐在乘客座上。分析题干可知本句是一个强调句，被强调的是only when引导的时间状语从句。根据强调句的结构，可知填that。3It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbo

7、rs.(2017天津)答案that解析考查强调句型。句意为：正是当我回到公寓时，我第一次偶然遇见了我的新邻居们。强调句的判断方法是将It is/was与that去掉，然后看剩余的部分是不是一个成分完整的句子。经判断，“When I got back to my apartment，I first came across my new neighbors.”句子成分完整，由此可断定本句是强调句，并且强调的是时间状语，故空格处应用that。4Not until recently they encourage the development of touristrelated activities

8、in the rural areas.(2016江苏)答案did解析考查倒装句。句意为：直到最近他们才鼓励农村地区发展与旅游相关的活动。根据句首的Not until recently可知，本句要用部分倒装形式，encourage表示的动作已经发生，用一般过去时，故填did。1强调句强调句型：It is/was被强调部分that其他部分(强调的部分是人，也可以用who，去掉it is/was和that 仍然是个完整的句子)。It is/was not until.that.是对not until引导的时间状语从句的强调。对谓语动词的强调是do/does/did 动词原形。2部分倒装：形式：助动词

9、/系动词/情态动词提前到主语前面，后面动词恢复原形。条件：否定词放句首(hardly，seldom，never，little，not only，not until，by no means等); only状语(副词，介词短语，状语从句)放句首；副词so或 neither(nor)在句首，表示前面所陈述的情况“也”或“也不”，如so do I, so are my friends, neither do I，so修饰形容词或副词(位于句首)。3完全倒装：谓语动词完全提前到主语前面。here/there，up/down，now/then，in/out，away/off 或者表地点的介词短语放句首时，

10、用完全倒装。there be 句型表客观存在性，there 不能替换为they或it。be动词的数要和后面离它近的名词保持一致。如：There is a chair and several tables.There are several tables and a chair.题型二关于特殊句式的短文改错1The instructor kept repeating the words，“Speed up！” “Slow down！” “Turning left！” (2017全国)答案TurningTurn解析句法错误。根据前面教练发出的两个指令可知，这三个句子属于并列结构，都是祈使句，都以动

11、词原形开头。2At last，I will be on my own，but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever need help.(2016全国)答案whenever后加I解析分析句子结构可知，whenever引导的时间状语从句缺少主语，此处又不是状语从句的省略。考虑上下文含义，故加上从句主语。1祈使句的谓语动词均为原形，可以通过上下文和语境来判断是否使用。2状语从句有省略情况，但是并非所有的都可以省略。3省略的状语从句中，如果动词和主语是主动，就用v.ing形式；如果是被动，就用v.ed 形式。1They were tw

12、o reasons for the decision.(2019全国)答案TheyThere解析考查there be句型。句意为：有两个原因可以解释这个决定。故将They改为There。注意首字母大写。2There have three lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon.(2014新课标全国改编)答案haveare解析分析句子结构，此处表达“上午有三节课下午有两节课”。表示客观存在性的只能是there be 句型。所以需要把have 改成be 动词。再考虑到就近原则，后面是复数名词lessons, 故把have 改成are。1the

13、re be句型的含义是“有”，表示客观存在性。其中的be可以有不同的时态，可以和助动词或情态动词连用。所以there be句型有以下几种变形：there seem(s/ed) to bethere appear(s/ed) to bethere happen(s/ed) to bethere used to bethere remain(s/ed) 2在强调句型中， 如果强调的是人，则可以用who或that，而which/what都不对。The spoken languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)Little do I know tha

14、t I would discover my love for ASL(美式手语)(2017全国改编)答案dodid解析考查倒装句。句意为：我的所有交往中用日常口语就已经足够了。我从来没想过我会喜欢上美式手语。根据句首的little可知，本句要用部分倒装形式，前文中的were表示动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，故把do改为did。部分倒装提前的是助动词、系动词和情态动词。所以要格外注意主谓一致、时态一致。增分训练增分单句训练.单句语法填空1It was in 1996 Song quit his job as a professor and purchased a 200,000 square m

15、eter plot of land in a mountainous forest area.(2019广东揭阳二模)答案that解析考查强调句型。该句使用强调句型，并对句中的时间状语“in 1996”进行强调，故填that。2Exceptions will be allowed for students with certain physical or mental conditions，if _(prove) by medical staff.(2019浙江舟山中学模拟)答案proved/proven解析句意为：如经医务人员证明，患有某些身体或精神疾病的学生可获豁免。if引导的是省略句，省

16、略了it is，it代指certain physical or mental conditions，与prove之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填proved/proven。3 unforgettable the experience was！(2019山西实验中学质检)答案How解析考查感叹句。结构为：Howadj.主语谓语！句意为：真是一次难忘的经历呀！因为位于句首，首字母大写，故填How。4Around this point (develop) the story，which is humorous and full of a strong local flavor.(2019天津

17、和平区一模)答案develops解析考查完全倒装。句意为：围绕这一点展开的故事，幽默风趣，充满浓郁的乡土气息。分析句子可知，around this point为表示地点的短语，同时主语不是人称代词，故需用完全倒装，把整个谓语放在主语之前。又因后文的is可知时态是一般现在时，主语story为单数形式，故填三单形式develops。5I found the city fascinating to tour，but it was the desert really appealed to me.(2019东北三省联考)答案that解析考查强调句型。把it was和该空去掉，这个句子仍然结构完整，语义

18、清晰，所以这个句子是一个强调句，所以填that。6I often wonder if it is mistrust causes misunderstanding and conflict between people.答案that解析考查强调句型。句意为：我经常想是不是不信任导致了人们之间的误解和冲突。本句考查了强调句型，强调的是名词mistrust，指物，使用that强调。故填that。.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1It was at that moment when I realized what I should do.(2019湖南益阳模拟)答案whenthat解析考查强调句型。

19、句意为：就在那一刻，我意识到我应该做什么。去掉该句中的It was和that，剩余结构及句意完整。因此该句为强调句，故把when改为that。2When being asked about this question，a large number of people who are interested in the topic hold the view that its beneficial to clone humans.(2019东北三校联考)答案删除being解析考查状语从句的省略。句意为：当被问及这个问题时，很多对这个话题感兴趣的人认为克隆人类是有益的。在when引导的时间状语从句

20、中，当主从句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，从句的主语和be可以省略，本句中省略了they are，另外，此处并不表示正在进行，being是多余的，故删掉being。3As your friend，I just want you to know how gladly I am at your success.(2019山东泰安一模)答案gladlyglad解析考查感叹句的基本结构。句意为：作为你的朋友，我只是想要你知道我对你的成功是多么高兴。本句为感叹句，句中系动词是am，所以how后接形容词，故将gladly改为glad。4There was so many people at the pa

21、rk，most of whom were old couples.答案waswere解析考查there be 句型中的主谓一致。句意为：公园里有很多人，大多数是老夫妻。there be 句型为全部倒装句，主语为so many people，所以谓语为were。故将was改为were。5It is not until you experience in person when you can get the real meaning from nature.(2019陕西咸阳二模)答案whenthat解析考查强调句型。句意为：只有亲身体验，你才能从大自然中获得真正的意义。 故将when改为tha

22、t。增分写作训练特殊句式在写作中的应用1As an English major，my learning experience contributes to my free communication with locals.(用强调句型升级)(2019全国)As an English major，it is my learning experience that contributes to my free communication with locals.2It will not only be a great opportunity for you to show your excell

23、ence，but also we can cooperate with each other to win our glory.(用not only 放句首的部分倒装句升级)(2019全国)Not only will it be a great opportunity for you to show your excellence，but also we can cooperate with each other to win our glory.3If you are wellprepared，you will definitely feel confident.Therefore，you

24、are more likely to score goals.(用“only状语”放句首的部分倒装升级)(2019全国)Only if you are wellprepared will you definitely feel confident.Therefore，you are more likely to score goals.4If it is convenient，please come and enjoy the appealing performances to be held on the Music Festival.(用状语从句的省略升级)(2019全国)If conve

25、nient，please come and enjoy the appealing performances to be held on the Music Festival.强化练(九).语法填空AThe population of the milu around Chinas Poyang Lake 1. (grow) from 47 to 55 since a group of the rare deer was released(释放) there about a year ago.Yang Qibo，who is in charge of Poyang Countys wildlif

26、e protection station，told the public that they had recorded 2. birth of 8 deer over the past year.Last April，3. (improve) biodiversity in the local wetland ecosystem，China released 47 deer into the wild around Poyang Lake，the countrys largest freshwater lake.The species sudden 4. (disappear) occurre

27、d around 1,000 years ago in this area.Local officials said the deer adapted well to the new environment and coexisted 5. (peaceful) with local villagers.Whenever a deer 6. (spot)，villagers would always report it to wildlife authorities.There were some cases 7. the villagers crops were damaged by the

28、 deer，but they usually chose to drive the deer away instead of hurting them.The milu，also known as Pre Davids deer，is native to China.In China it bears the 8. (humor) name “sibuxiang” or “like none of the four” for its unique features.The wetland deer species is put 9. Alevel state protection after

29、overhunting and habitat(栖息地) loss led to its nearly 10. (die) out in the early 20th century.Now about 6,700 deer live across the country，including 1,500 in the wild.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国为挽救濒临灭绝的珍稀动物麋鹿所做的努力和成果。1答案has grown解析考查时态和主谓一致。since引导的从句用了一般过去时，主句谓语动词的动作已经完成，故要用现在完成时。population作主语时，若作为一个整体看待，谓语动词

30、常用单数；若着眼于成员或个体，谓语动词常用复数。根据下文中的“from 47 to 55”可知此处是作为一个整体看待，故此处用单数形式。2答案the解析考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处特指过去一年中八头麋鹿的出生，是特指，故用定冠词。3答案to improve解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处所在部分是非谓语动词短语，且作目的状语，故要填不定式。4答案disappearance解析考查词性转换。此处作主语，要用名词形式disappearance。5答案peacefully解析考查词性转换。空处修饰谓语动词coexisted，故用副词peacefully。6答案was spotted解析考查

31、时态、语态和主谓一致。主语a deer是单数，与谓语spot“发现”是被动关系，要用被动语态；再根据主句的时态可知，从句要用一般过去时。注意：spot的过去分词要双写t，再加ed。7答案where解析考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词cases，cases表示抽象的地点，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，故要用关系副词where。8答案humorous解析考查词性转换。空处作定语修饰name，故要用所给词的形容词形式humorous “诙谐的，滑稽有趣的”。9答案under解析考查介词。under常与protection连用，表示“在的保护下”，故要用介词under。10答案dying解析考查非谓语动词。lead to中的to是介词，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词。分析句子结构可知，此处是动名词的复合结构，故填