河南省洛阳市学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题含详解.docx

1、河南省洛阳市学年高一下学期第一次月考英语试题含详解2019年5月2018-2019学年河南省洛阳市下学期第一次月考高一英语试题第卷第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）(略)第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AMore than two thirds of the worlds polar bears will be wiped out by 2050, according to a shocking new study. By then, scien

2、tists say, global warming will have melted 42 percent of the Arctic sea ice. By 2100, only a very few of these important creatures will be left.The report has been produced by the US Geological Survey. The scientists have publicized their findings in the hope of influencing US Interior Secretary Dir

3、k Kempthorne, who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seals, which are their main food. Without enough ice, polar bears would be forced to go onto the land, where they are poorly skilled hunters, and wou

4、ld be unlikely to adapt to the life on the land in time. Experts say few little bears would survive and the stress could make many females unable to get pregnant.The team of American and Canadian scientists spent six months studying bears, on the ground, from spotter planes and in the lab，using comp

5、uter models. Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says. They say the Arctic is warming faster than anywhere in the world and much faster than their computer had been forecasting. Satellite observations have showed that the ice has decreased to an allti

6、me low.However, not everyone in the scientific community believes that global warming is happening on such an alarming scale. Another investigation has found that polar bears are still being hunted by wealthy “sportsmen” who want their skins and heads. At least ten international companies offer bear

7、hunting trips.1. What do we know about Dirk Kempthorne according to the passage?A. He is an animal scientist.B. He is a protector of animals working for the US government.C. He was asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.D. He offered to put polar bears on the endangered species l

8、ist.2. Why will polar bears die out if there is not enough sea ice?A. Because polar bears cant catch enough food without ice.B. Because polar bears eat ice when they feel thirsty.C. Because polar bears will be easily found by hunters without ice.D. Because most female bears are used to giving birth

9、under ice.3. After a sixmonth study, some scientists fear that_.A. there is something wrong with their computersB. polar bears will disappear even faster than they ever expectedC. their computer models are not as accurate as they expectedD. global warming will destroy everything in the Arctic【答案】1.

10、C 2. A 3. B这是一篇说明文。本文说的是由于全球变暖，北极熊有可能在这个世纪末就要灭绝了。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句中的“US Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne, who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.”可知，他被要求把北极熊列入美国濒危物种名单，故选C。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seal

11、s, which are their main food.”可知，如果没有足够的海冰，北极熊会因为捕捉不到足够的猎物而濒临灭绝，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says.”可知，科学家们害怕北极熊消失的速度将比他们预想的还要快，故选B。BOne of the most famous buildings in the United States is Carnegie Hall, the home of class

12、ical and popular music concerts in New York. Carnegie Hall is known not just for its beauty and history, but also for its amazing sound. Carnegie Hall is named after Andrew Carnegie, who paid for its construction. Construction of Carnegie Hall began in 1890 and the official opening night was on May

13、5th, 1891.The hall was owned by the Carnegie family until 1924 when it was sold to Robert E Simon. The building became very old and in 1960, the new owner made plans to destroy it and build an office block. Isaac Stem led a group of people who fought to save Carnegie Hall and finally, the city of Ne

14、w York bought it for $5 million. It was then fixed up between 1983 and 1995.Advertisements and stories in newspapers about how Carnegie Hall needed help to recover its history led people to send in old concert programmes and information from all over the world. Over 12,000 concert programmes were re

15、ceived and with these it was possible to make a proper record of Carnegie Halls concert history.Carnegie Hall is actually made up of several different halls, but the Main Hall, now called the Isaac Stem Auditorium, is the most famous. The hall itself can hold an audience of 2,804 in five levels of s

16、eating.Because the best and most famous musicians of all time have played at Carnegie Hall, it is the dream of most musicians who want to be great to play there. This has led to a very old joke which is now part of Carnegie Halls history. Question: “How do I get to Carnegie Hall?” Answer: “Practice,

17、 practice, practice.”4. It can be inferred that people wanted to save Carnegie Hall mainly because_.A. it made a lot of moneyB. it was worth visitingC. many important concerts were held in itD. it made some players become famous5. How did Carnegie Hall recover its concert history?A. Through newspape

18、r reports.B. Through old concert programmes.C. Through old photographs.D. Through old jokes.6. Why is the Carnegie Hall joke funny?A. Because you expect the answer to be directions but not advice.B. Because Carnegie Hall is a place where musicians practice a lot.C. Because it is difficult to find yo

19、ur way to Carnegie Hall.D. Because you dont expect the answer to repeat the same word three times.7. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. The history of Carnegie HallB. The best musician having played in Carnegie HallC. A joke about Carnegie HallD. The dream of most musicia

20、ns【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A本文主要介绍了有号称“世界一流音响设备”的卡内基音乐厅，并讲述它的历史与辉煌。 因此能在卡内基音乐厅举办自己的音乐会，成为众多音乐家的梦想。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句卡内基音乐厅曾举办过许多音乐会，许多名家都在这里演奏过可知，它的历史辉煌，因此当它要被拆迁改建时人们极力挽救。故选C.【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第二句“收到12 000多份节目单，这样才能够记录下大厅比较完整的历史”可知，B项为正确答案。故选B.【6题详解】细节理解题。民间流传着一个有关卡内基音乐大厅的笑话：有人问：“去卡内基大厅怎么走？”按照常规思维，答话

21、者应该直接指路，然而答话者却回答说：“练习、练习、再练习。”这就是这个笑话的幽默所在。故选A.【7题详解】标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了有号称“世界一流音响设备”的卡内基音乐厅的历史。故选A.【名师点睛】每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。主旨要义型题范围一般包括：短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。考生需要分析文章的篇章结构，抓住文章的开头或结尾，从而找出能概括文章的主题句。主题句的特点：（1）语言特点：归纳性、概括性、抽象性；（2）位置特点：主题句常出现在“总结性”语言的“信号词”后，如：in summary, in a word, as a resu

22、lt, finally, in short, in conclusion和in brief等；主题句常出现在“转移话题式”语言的“信号词”后，如：but, however, nevertheless等。标题的语言特点：独特新颖、概括性强、短小精炼。A主旨大意主要的设题方式有：（1）Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?（2）The best headline for this newspaper article is _.（3）What is the topic of the text

23、?（4）The text is mainly about _.（5）Whats the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph？ （6）What would be the best title for the text？B主旨大意主要的解题策略有：（1）标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。（2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主

24、题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。如小题4，该题属于标题类，标题的特点是短小精悍，要覆盖全文，范围适当，精确性强。根据本文主要围绕“世界一流音响设

25、备”的卡内基音乐厅的历史展开，因此A项作为标题最准确。CUnlike most other holidays, the history of April Fools Day, sometimes called All Fools Day, is not totally clear. The only point in time that can be agreed on as the beginning of this tradition was 1582, in France. Before that year, the New Year was celebrated for eight d

26、ays, beginning on March 25th. The celebration reached the highest point on April 1st. With the reform of the calendar under Charles IX，the Gregorian calendar(公历，阳历) was introduced, and New Years Day was moved to January 1st.However, because in those days communications were not as developed as they

27、are today, many people did not receive the news for several years. Some people refused to accept the new calendar and continued to celebrate the New Year on April 1st.These backward people were considered “fools” by other people. They were often sent on “fools” errands(徒劳无益的工作) or were made the targ

28、ets of jokes.This developed, over time, into a tradition of playing a trick on someone on the first day of April. The tradition eventually spread to England and Scotland in the eighteenth century. It was later introduced to the American colonies of both the Britain and France. April Fools Day thus d

29、eveloped into an international fun feast, so to speak, with different nationalities specializing in their own kind of humor at the expense of their friends and families.8. According to an earlier calendar, New Years Day in France was _.A. March 25th B. January 1stC. April 1st D. April 3rd9. Which of

30、 the following first had the tradition of celebrating the April Fools Day？A. France. B. England.C. Scotland. D. America.10. What was peoples attitude towards the new calendar？A. They accepted it happily.B. They refused it immediately.C. Some recognized it.D. Some laughed at it.11. The passage mainly

31、 tells us _.A. what the French did on April Fools DayB. how April Fools Day came into beingC. when was the new calendar introducedD. why some people were fooled in France【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了愚人节的由来。【8题详解】推理解判断题。由第二段“. and continued to celebrate the New Year on April 1”可知，根据以前的公历，法国的

32、元旦是4月1日。故C选项正确。【9题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“The only point in time that can be agreed on as the beginning of this tradition was 1582，in France.”可知，法国是第一个庆祝愚人节的国家。故A选项正确。【10题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“Some people refused to accept the new calendar”可知，一部分人接受了新公历，一部分人拒绝了新公历。故C选项正确。【11题详解】主旨大意题。从全文及最后一段最后一句“April Fools Day thus developed into an international fun feast，so to speak，with different nationalities specializing in their own