0805MagneticParticalExaminationProcedure磁粉检验工艺规程讲解.docx

1、0805MagneticParticalExaminationProcedure磁粉检验工艺规程讲解 Magnetic Particle Examination Procedure 磁粉检验工艺规程Prepared By编制: Date日期: Reviewed By审核: Date日期: Approved By批准: Date日期: CERTIFICATION演示证实声明This is certified that this procedure has been demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Authorized Inspector in ac

2、cordance with the requirements of T-150 of Section V.本规程已按ASME规范第卷T150的要求，在带缺陷试板上进行了演示。演示结果得到了AI的认可。Certified by Date级证明人： 日期：Witnessed by Date授权检验师： 日期：1 Scope范围1.1 This procedure is applied to the magnetic particle examination of ferromagnetic materials and welds for ASME Code items.本规程适用于ASME规范产品

3、铁磁性材料和焊缝的磁粉检验。1.2 The magnetic particle examination method is suitable for detecting cracks and other discontinuities on or near the surface in ferromagnetic materials.磁粉探伤方法适用于检测铁磁性材料表面或近表面裂纹及其它不连续性。1.3 This procedure is applied to wet continuous magnetization by Yoke. 本规程适用于磁轭湿粉连续磁化法。1.4 This proc

4、edure shall be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the AI prior to implementation. When construction Code specified, a change of a requirement in Appendix I identified as an essential variable from the specified value, or range of values, requalification of this procedure shall be required. When a c

5、hange of requirement in Appendix I identified as an nonessential variable from the specified value, or range of values, requalification of this procedure is not required. All changes of essential or nonessential variables from the value, or range of values, specified by this procedure shall require

6、revision of, or addendum to, this procedure.本规程应按照ASME规范第卷T-150的要求向AI做演示证明。当规定了规程鉴定时，附录中重要变素规定值的变更引起所要求的变化，本规定应重新鉴定。对于非重要变素规定值或数值范围的变更引起的要求变化，本规定不需要重新鉴定。所有重要变素或非重要变素数值或数值范围的改变，应修订增补进本规程。2 Personnel人员2.1 The NDE personnel who engage in magnetic particle examination shall be qualified and certified ac

7、cording to CCIEI Written Practice for Qualification and Certification of Nondestructive Examination (NDE) Personnel based on the requirements of SNT-TC-1A (2006) and ASME Code Section I, VIII Division 1.从事磁粉检验的NDE人员应按本公司按照SNT-TC1A（2006）及ASME规范第卷、第-1卷编制的无损检测人员培训考评及认证实施细则进行培训、考试、资格鉴定和认证。3 Description

8、of Method方法描述3.1 In principle, the magnetic particle examination method involves magnetizing an area to be examined, and applying ferromagnetic particles to the surface. The particles will form patterns on the surface where cracks or other discontinuities cause distortions in the normal magnetic fie

9、ld. These patterns are usually characteristic of the type of discontinuity that is detected.磁粉检验法的原理，是使被检验区域磁化，并将铁磁性粉末（检验介质）施加到此区域的表面上，此时表面上有裂缝及其他不连续性的地方因使正常磁场产生畸变而使磁粉构成一定的图形，这些图形通常是以所探测的不连续性类型为特征的。3.2 The sensitivity of the magnetic particle examination is greatest for surface discontinuities and d

10、iminishes rapidly with increasing depth of discontinuities below the surface. Therefore, this method can only be used for detecting the discontinuities on or near the surface of the material or parts to be tested.此方法对表面不连续性最灵敏，而随表面以下的近表面不连续性埋藏深度的增大，其灵敏度迅速降低。因此，此方法仅适用于探测材料或零件近表面的不连续性。4 Magnetization

11、Equipment and Calibration磁化设备及校验4.1 The MT equipment to be used shall be selected from the following Table.磁化设备应在下表中选取。Table 1 MT Equipment表1 磁化设备制造商Manufacturer型号Type电流限制Current Limitation备注Note射阳县神工探伤机厂SHEYANG SHENGONG FLAW DETECTION EQUIPMENT FACDTORYCJE-220P15A-4.2 Calibration of Magnetizing Equ

12、ipment磁化设备的校验4.2.1 Frequency of calibration: Each Magnetizing Equipment shall be calibrated at least once a year, or whenever the equipment has been subjected to a major electric repair, periodic overhaul or damage. If equipment has not been in use for a year or more, calibration shall be done prior

13、 to first use.校验周期：磁化设备至少每年用安培表校准一次，或当设备进行重要电气修理、周期大修或损坏时，必须进行校准。如果设备停止使用一年或更长时间，则应在其第一次使用前应进行校准。4.2.2 Calibration for MT equipment meters: The accuracy of the MT equipment meter shall be verified annually by equipment traceable to a national standard. Comparative readings shall be taken for at leas

14、t three different current output levels encompassing the usable range. The equipment meter reading shall not deviate by more than 10% of full scale, relative to the actual current value as shown by the test meter.磁化设备仪表：磁化设备仪表应使用可溯源至国家标准的设备每年进行一次校验。必须以有效范围内三次输出电平的最低值比较读数。仪表读数偏差应不大于测试仪表显示的实际电流值相关的整个刻

15、度的10%。4.2.3 Calibration for lifting power of the Yoke: The lifting power will be calibrated with the methods of lifting a standard weight cake. Alternating current electromagnetic Yokes shall have a lifting power of at least 10 lb. (4.5 kg) at the maximum spacing of the Yoke. 磁轭提升力的校验：提升力用标准重块提升法来校验

16、。当使用磁轭最大间距时，每个交流磁轭至少应有10lb.（4.5kg）的提升力。4.3 Calibration of Light Meter光度计的校验4.3.1 Light meter shall be calibrated at least once a year or whenever the meter has been repaired. If meters have not been in use for one year or more calibration shall be done before being used.光度计应每年或修理后校验一次。如果光度计有一年或一年以上没

17、有使用，使用前应对其进行校验。5 Examination Medium检验介质5.1 The examination medium shall be the finely divided ferromagnetic particles which have high permeability and low retentivity. The size and shape of the magnetic particles shall be suitable for forming magnetic particle indications.检验介质应为具有高导磁率和低顽磁性的细铁磁粉，其尺寸和

18、形状必须易于形成磁痕。5.2 The black or red color wet magnetic particles as listed in Table 2 are used according to the workpiece to be tested.表2 所列黑色或红色湿磁粉按照检测工件选用。Table 2 Magnetic Particles- Wet Magnetic Particle (Non-fluorescent)表2 磁粉湿磁粉（非荧光）Manufacturer制造商Type型号Color颜色 上海新美达探伤有限公司SHANGHAI XINMEIDA FLAW DETE

19、CTION MATERIAL CO., LTD MT-BO 黑油磁悬液BLACK5.3 The fluid medium for the magnetic suspension fluid shall be transformer oil, smell less kerosene or water. The temperature of the wet particle suspension and the surface of the part shall not exceed 135 (57).磁悬液的液体介质必须是变压器油、无味煤油或水。磁悬液的温度和工件表面温度均不得超过135 (57

20、 0C)。5.4 Concentration of Wet Magnetic Particle Suspensions湿磁粉悬浮液的浓度5.4.1 The initial bath concentration of suspended magnetic particles should be as specified or as recommended by the manufacturer and shall be checked by settling volume measurements and maintained at the specified concentration on

21、a daily basis. If the concentration is not maintained properly, test results can vary greatly.磁悬液浓度应按制造厂推荐，用沉淀量值验证，务使日常浓度一定。浓度不当，会大大影响探伤结果。5.4.2 The bath concentration shall be maintained within 1.2 to 2.4 ml per 100 ml of vehicle for non-fluorescent particles unless otherwise specified by the parti

22、cle manufacturer.除制造厂另有规定外，非荧光磁粉悬浮液浓度应为每100ml 1.2-2.4ml的水平。5.4.3 Bath concentration is normally determined by measuring its settling volume through the use of an ASTM Pear-shaped centrifuge tube with a 1.5-ml stem (0.1-ml divisions) for non-fluorescent suspensions. Before sampling, run the suspensio

23、n through the re-circulating system for at least 30-min to assure thorough mixing of all particles which could have settled on the sump screen and along the sides or bottom of the tank. Take a 100-mL portion of the suspension from the hose or nozzle and allow it to settle for approximately 30 min. T

24、he volume settling out at the bottom of the tube is indicative of the particle concentration in the bath. If the bath concentration is low in particle content, add a sufficient amount of particle materials to obtain the desired concentration. If the suspension is high in particle content, add suffic

25、ient vehicle to obtain the desired concentration.槽中磁悬浮液浓度通常是用ASTM的梨形离心管测定其沉淀值来确定的，对非荧光磁粉悬液为1.5ml芯柱（0.1ml刻度）的沉淀柱；在取样以前，将悬浮液在再循环系统中至少流动30分钟，以保证所有磁粉的完全混合，否则磁粉可能在油盘滤网和沿槽的壁或底沉淀下来，从软管或管嘴取100ml悬浮液并使它沉淀大约30分钟，大管底沉淀的体积是槽底磁粉浓度指示值；假如磁悬浮中磁粉浓度太低，加足够量的磁粉以获得所需浓度；假如磁悬浮液中磁粉浓度太高，则加足够液体介质以获得所需浓度。5.4.4 If the settled p

26、articles appear to be loose agglomerates rather than a solid layer, take a second sample. If still agglomerated, the particles may have become magnetized, replace the suspension.假如沉淀磁粉表现为松散的团块，而不是紧密的敷层，则应作第二次取样试验，如果还是团块，说明磁粉可能已被磁化，这里需更换悬浮液。6 Magnetization Procedure磁化过程6.1 Yoke Technique磁轭法6.1.1 The

27、alternating current electromagnetic yokes shall be used for localized magnetization to form a longitudinal magnetic field.可采用交流的电磁轭来磁化一个局部区域，形成一个纵向磁场。6.1.2 Direction of magnetization: At least two separate examinations shall be carried out on each area. The second examination shall be with the lines

28、 of magnetic flux approximately perpendicular to those used for the first examination in that area.磁化方向：每一区域应至少进行两次分别检验。在第二次检验中，磁通线的方向应大致与第一次检验区域所采用的方向相垂直。6.1.3 The area to be examined shall be restricted to the area which is equal to 1/4 maximum pole spacing on both sides of the line through two po

29、les. The pole spacing shall at least have 1 in. (25 mm) overlap each time.受检区域应限制在两磁极连线的双侧，相当于1/4最大磁极间距的范围内，磁极间距每次至少有1in.（25mm）的搭接。7 Magnetic Field Strength磁场强度7.1 The special carbon steel / copper plate type field indicator is used to verify that an adequate field strength and direction for the sur

30、face of part is obtained. If the clear magnetic particle pattern is shown on the copper plate side of the field indicator, it indicates that adequate field strength is obtained.使用专用的碳钢/铜板磁场指示器来校验零件表面的磁场强度和方向是否满足要求。如果铜板边有清晰的磁粉线条，则表明磁场强度是足够的。8 Examination Requirements检验要求8.1 Surface Preparation表面制备8.1

31、.1 Satisfactory results are usually obtained in the as-welded, as-rolled, as-cast, or as-forged conditions. However, surface preparation by grinding or machining may be necessary where surface irregularities could mask indications due to discontinuities.经焊接、轧制、铸造、锻造等加工的零件，一般会取得满意的效果。然而，表面不平（不均匀）会掩饰缺

32、陷的显示，这些地方则需要通过打磨或机加工进行表面制备。8.1.2 Prior to magnetic particle examination, the surface to be examined and all adjacent areas within at least 1 in. (25 mm) shall be dry and free of all dirt, grease, lint, scale, welding flux and spatter, oil, or other extraneous matter that could interfere with the examination.在磁粉检验之前，被检验的表面及其附近至少1 in.（25mm）的区域内应是干燥的，并且没有任何污垢、纤维屑、锈皮、焊剂和焊接飞溅、油污或其他会妨碍检验的外来物。8.1.3 Cleaning m