英语语法专业术语.docx

1、英语语法专业术语英语语法专业术语语法 grammar句法 syntax词法 morphology构造 structure层次 rank句子 sentence从句 clause词组 phrase词类 part of speech单词 word实词 notional word虚词 structural word名词 noun专出名词 proper noun可数名词 countable noun不行数名词 uncountable no抽象名词 abstract noun详细名词 concrete noun物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun1/ 16个体名词

2、individual noun介词 preposition连词 conjunction动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 transitive verb不及物动词 intransitive verb系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb神态动词 modal verb规则动词 regular verb不规则动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb限制动词 finite verb非限制动词 infinite verb使役动词 causative verb感官动词 verb of senses动向动词 event verb静态动词 s

3、tate verb叹息词 exclamation形容词 adjective2/ 16副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of time地址副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连结性副词 conjunct疑问副词 interrogative adverb关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun反身代词 reflexive pronoun互相代词 reciprocal pron

4、oun指示代词 demonstrative pronoun疑问代词 interrogative pronoun关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite物主代词 possessive pronoun名词性物主代词 nominal possessive形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun3/ 16冠词 article定冠词 definite article不定冠词 indefinite article数词 numeral基数词 cardinal numeral序数词 ordinal numeral分数词 fractional

5、numeral形式 form单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form限制动词 finite verb form非限制动词 non-finite verb form原形 base form从句 clause附属句 subordinate clause并列句 coordinate clause名词从句 nominal clause定语从句 attributive clause状语从句 adverbial clause宾语从句 object clause主语从句 subject clause4/ 16同位语从句 appositive clause时间状语从句 adverb

6、ial clause of time地址状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner退步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession原由状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状语从句 adverbial clause of condition真切条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真

7、切条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition委婉条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition句子 sentence简单句 simple sentence陈说句 declarative sentence疑问句 interrogative sentence一般疑问句 general question特别疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question附带疑问句 tag question5/ 1

8、6反义疑问句 disjunctive question修辞疑问句 rhetorical question叹息疑问句 exclamatory question存在句 existential sentence一定句 positive sentence否认句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence省略句 elliptical sentence叹息句 exclamatory sentence基本句型 basic sentence pattern句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate宾语 object双宾语

9、 dual object直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object同源宾语 cognate object表语 predicative定语 attribute同位语 appositive6/ 16状语 adverbial句法关系 syntactic relationship并列 coordinate附属 subordination修饰 modification前置修饰 pre-modification后置修饰 post-modification限制 restriction两重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction数 nu

10、mber单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规则形式 regular form不规则形式 irregular form格 case所有格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case性 gender阳性 masculine7/ 16阴性 feminine中性 neuter人称 person第一人称 first person第二人称 second person第三人称 third person时态 tense过去未来时 past future tense过去未来进行时 past future continuo

11、us tense过去未来达成时 past future perfect tense一般此刻时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般未来时 future simple tense此刻达成时 past perfect tense过去达成时 present perfect tense未来达成时 future perfect tense此刻进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense未来进行时 future continuous tense过去未来进行时 past future co

12、ntinuous tense此刻达成进行时 present perfect continuous tense8/ 16过去达成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈说语气 indicative mood祈使语气 imperative mood虚构语气 subjunctive mood否认 negation否认范围 scope of negation所有否认 full negation局部否认 partial negation转移否认 shift of negatio

13、n语序 order自然语序 natural order倒装语序 inversion所有倒装 full inversion部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech9/ 16自由间接引语 free indirect speech一致 agreement主谓一致 subject-predicate agreement语法一致 grammatical agreement观点一致 notional agreement就近原则 principle of proximity重申

14、emphasis重复 repetition语音 pronunciation语调 tone升调 rising tone降调 falling tone降升调 falling-rising tone文体 style正式文体 formal非正式文体 informal口语 spoken/oral English套语 formulistic expression英国英语 British English美国英语 American English用法 usage10/16negative interrogative sentence感情色彩 emotional coloring贬义 derogatory风趣

15、humorous嘲讽 sarcastic奚落 ironic动名词 gerund连字号 hyphen祈使语气 imperative mood祈使句 imperative sentences独立成分 indefinite case主句 indicative mood物质名词 material nouns句子的成分 members of the sentence神态动词 modal verbs语气 mood词法 morphology否认疑问句动词的非限制形式 non-finite forms of the verb非限制性定语从句 non-restrictive attributive clause

16、s括号 brackets名词的分类 classification of nouns11/16从句（分句） clauses同源宾语 cognate object集体名词 collective nouns冒号 colon错综时间条件句 conditional sentences of mixed time连词 conjunction连结副词 conjunctive adverbs连结代词 conjunctive pronouns转变 conversion并列连词 co-coordinating conjunctions可数名词 countable nouns破折号 dash陈说句 declarat

17、ive sentences定冠词 definite article指示代词 demonstrative pronouns派生（词缀法） derivation ( affixation )描述性定语 descriptive attributes呼语 direct address直接宾语 direct object直接引语 direct speech反意问句 disjunctive questions12/16省略 ellipsis省略句 elliptical sentences叹息号 exclamation mark叹息句 exclamatory sentences动词的限制形式 finite

18、forms of the verb虚词 form words分数词 fractional numerals完整倒装 full inversion未来进行时 future continuous一般未来时 future indefinite未来达成时 future perfect未来达成进行时 future perfect continuous独立构造 absolute constructions物主代词的绝对形式 absolute forms of possessive pronouns抽象名词 abstract nouns主动语态 active voice方式状语从句 adverbial cl

19、auses of manner地址状语从句 adverbial clauses of place目的状语从句 adverbial clauses of purpose时间状语从句 adverbial clauses of time程度副词 adverbs of degree13/16频度副词 adverbs of frequency方式副词 adverbs of manner地址副词 adverbs of place时间副词 adverbs of time选择问句 alternative questions句子剖析 analysis of sentences省略号 apostrophe同谓语

20、appositive同位语从句 appositive clauses助动词 auxiliary verbs插入语 parenthesis部分倒装 partial inversion分词短语 participial phrases分词 participle小品词 particle词类 parts of speech过去式 past forms过去分词 past participle句号 period ( full stop )人称 person人称代词 personal pronouns14/16成语动词 phrasal verbs谓语 predicate表语 predicative表语从句 p

21、redicative clauses前缀 prefix(es)介词短语 prepositional phrases此刻式 present forms此刻分词 present participle动词的主要形式 principal forms of verbs专出名词 proper nouns标点符号 punctuation问号 question mark引号 quotation mark互相代词 reciprocal pronouns不定代词 indefinite Pronouns关系副词 relative adverbs关系代词 relative pronouns限制性定语从句 restri

22、ctive attributive clauses自己代词 self pronouns分号 semicolon真切条件句 sentences of real condition15/16虚构条件句 sentences of unreal condition时态的响应 sequence of tenses特别问句 special questions虚构语气 subjunctive mood后缀 suffix(es)最高等 superlative degree句法 syntax句型的变换 transformation of sentences双部句 two-member sentences不行数名词 uncountable nouns动词短语 verbal phrases名词化的动词 verbal noun构词法 word building16/16