大学英语四级救命班电子讲义.docx

1、大学英语四级救命班电子讲义2020 年 12 月 大学英语四级 救命班 电子讲义四级时间分配 试卷结构 测试内容 测试题型 题目数量 分值比例 考试时间 写作 写作 短文写作 1 15% 30 分钟 听力理解 短篇新闻 选择题（单选） 7 7% 25 分钟 长对话 8 8% 听力篇章 10 20% 阅读理解 词汇理解 选词填空 10 5% 40 分钟 长篇阅读 匹配 10 10% 仔细阅读 选择题（单选） 10 20% 翻译 汉译英 段落翻译 1 15% 30 分钟 合计 57 100% 125 分钟 第一部分 写作 四级作文常见题型： 图画图表 谚语警句 书信论说文 句子的分类 结构上分为

2、简单句 并列句 复合句 语序上分为 倒装和正常语序 语态上分为 主动和被动 一、短句的写法 A man comes. He is attractive. I love him. I will give him a dog. It can make him happy.二、被动 很多人认为合作比个人能力更重要。 Cooperation is claimed to be more crucial than personal ability. 人们普遍认为网购已经成为一种流行趋势。 Online shopping is argued to be a popular trend among the y

3、oung and the old. 在过去几十年里，政府采取了各种措施防止灾害发生 Various measures, in the past decades, have been taken to prevent disasters. 最近，中国科学院(Chinese Academy of Sciences ) 出版了关于其最新科学发现与未来一年展 望的年度系列报告 An annual report about its latest scientific findings and the prospect of the next year was recently published by

4、Chinese Academy of Science. 三、并列句 常见的逻辑关系词 第一， 表示因果（世界上最重要的一种关系就是因果关系） 1. 表示原因 because ， in that， as ,since because of=be responsible for=due to=owing to=thanks to 2. 表示结果 so=hence=therefore=thereby=thus=consequently=in consequence = as a result /consequence 、 第二， 表示对比 1. 表示“相似性的”对比 Likewise =simila

5、rly = equally= simultaneously =at the same time= in the meanwhile 2. 表示“差异性的”对比 But, by contrast = conversely = alternatively = on the contrary = on the other hand = otherwise = while = whereas 第三， 表示递进 besides = also = in addition = moreover = furthermore = apart aside from to put it another way =

6、put another way = in other words 换句话说（有补充解释说明的作用）第四， 表示让步 Despite = in spite of = notwithstanding = although = though = as = while = even （if）= much as （用于句首）虽然 = granting granted that certainly = of course = indeed = it is true that 的确 undoubtedly = there is no doubt that 毫无疑问的是 it may be true that

7、 或许真实的是 there is no denying that 不可否认的是 In effect fact reality = indeed = virtually 实际上，事实上，的确 第五， 表示条件 if = providing provided suppose supposing that 如果，假如 in case of = in the event of 万一 第六， 表示目的 to= in order to = so as to 第七， 表示引出新对象 About = concerning = regarding = with regard to = as for to = i

8、n respect of 关于 in terms of 就而论，在方面 when it comes to 当提到时 第八， 表示强调 Above all = most important In effect fact reality = indeed = virtually 事实上， 实际上，的确，其实 第九，表示总结 On the whole = all in all =overall = in conclusion summary general = generally （ speaking ）= as a whole =mainly = substantially = to sum up

9、 = conclude = come to theconclusion 总的来说 in short brief = in a word 简而言之 in any case = at any rate = anyway 总之，无论如何 第十，表示举例 Like = such as = for instance example = take consider think of remember （ as an example ） = a good case in point is =from to （ to ） =to illustrate = as an illustration 1. 1. 在过

10、去一千年里 在过去一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化 乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化,是一座展现古文明的博物馆 是一座展现古文明的博物馆。 InIn the the past past thousand thousand years, years, tthhee water water system system and and tthhee lliiffee way way ooff Wuzhen Wuzhen have have nnoott gone gone through through many many changes. changes. Therefore,

11、Therefore, iitt now now iiss the the museum museum toto show show anicent anicent civilization. civilization. 2.在山东潍坊市，风筝不仅仅是玩具，而且还是这座城市文化的标志。 In Weifang, Shandong, kites are not only for entertainment but also symbolizes the culture of the city. 3. 这些资金用于改善教学设施、购买书籍，使 16 万多所中小学收益。资金还用于购置音乐 和绘画器材。现在

12、农村和山区的儿童可以与沿海城市的儿童一样上音乐和绘画课。(2014 年 四级） These funds are used to improve educational facilities, purchase books and more than 160 thousands primary schools and middle schools benefit from it. In addition, the fund is to be used for purchasing music and painting facilities. As a consequence, nowadays

13、the children in the rural areas can have the music and painting classes as the same as the children in the coastal cities do. 4. 由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天，这个传统正在改变。随着住房 条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。但他们之间的联系依然很密切。许多老 年人仍然 帮着照看孙辈。年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。 As a result of this tradition, many young people

14、continue to live with their parents after marriage. By contrast, today, the tradition is changing. With the improvement of housing conditions, an increasing number of young couples choose to live apart from their parents. Nevertheless, the connection between them remains strong. Many old people stil

15、l have to look after their grandchildren. At the same time, young couples also get around to visit their parents，especially during the holidays, such as the spring festival and Mid-autumn Festival.四、复合句 1. 主语从句 大学教育极大地促进了社会的进步是显而易见的。 It is beyond dispute that university education promotes the progre

16、ss of our society obviously. 2. 同位语从句 Garbage sorting, a necessary behavior to control pollution, proves quite crucial throughout china. Hunting for jobs, a hot topic among undergraduates, has become the public concern recently. Optimism, an active mentality, plays a key role in the general routine

17、of everyday living. 3. 定语和定语从句 I love this kind girl. I love the girl of kindness. I love the girl as kind as an angel. I love the girl being as kind as an angel. I love the girl who keeps so kind. 中国结最初是由手工艺人发明的，经过数百年不断的改进，已经成为一种优雅多彩的艺 术和工艺。 The Chinese knot was originally invented by the craftsmen

18、， which has become a kind of elegant and colorful arts and crafts after hundreds of years of continuous improvement. 乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、 中式旅店和餐馆。 Wuzhen, which is an ancient water town of Zhejiang province,locates near the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal，which is really a charming p

19、lace with many ancient bridges, Chinese style hotels and restaurants there. 功夫是中国武术的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要、狩猎活动以及古代中 国的军事训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人老年人都练。 Kung Fu is the common name of Chinese martial arts which can be traced back to self-defense needs, hunting activities and military training in ancient Chi

20、na. Besides, it is a traditional Chinesesport that both the young and the elderly can practise. 剪纸（paper cutting）是中国最为流行的传统民间艺术形式之一。中国剪纸有一千五百多 年的历史，在明朝和清朝时期（the Ming and Qing Dynasties）特别流行。 Paper cutting is one of the most popular arts in china which has a history of 1.5thound years and was quite f

21、amous in the Ming and Qing dynasties. 中国人自古以来就在中秋节庆祝丰收，这与北美庆祝感恩节非常相似。 Chinese have had the tradition to celebrate harvest in the Middle-Autumn, which proves quite similar with Thanks-Giving Day in North America. 4. 状语和状语从句 1） I love my girlfriend. 2) keeping pets can cultivate the love heart of chil

22、dren although they sometimes bring much trouble for their owners. or because taking care of those little animals needs patience and care. or when there exists only a child in one family. or by taking a shower or talking with those little animals. 3) they are singing songs although they have had clas

23、s for the whole day. they, a group of young men, who will take part in the examination of CET-6 are singing songs which were once popular when we were young. 5. 三大经典句型： 1) 强调句型 Nothing is more important than self-reliance in a competitive international environment 就是因为你，我没有通过六级考试。 It is because of y

24、ou that I failed in CET-6. 就是有很多的因素可以解释我的观点。 There exist numerous factors to account for my argument. 2) 虚拟语气 If you are a tear in my eyes, I will never shed it. 3）倒装 否定词位于句首时我从来没有这样开心过 Never have i been so happy. 在任何情况下我们绝不能忽略.的重要性/严重性； Under no circumstances can we fail to pour attention into (gra

25、vity/ severity) 含有 sothat 结构的句子，将 so 引导的部分位于句首时 这个问题是如此重要以至于我们要给与足够的重视。 The issue is so grave that we cannot fail to pour attention to it. So grave is the issue that . 生命如此短暂，以至于怎样度过都是一种浪费。 Life is so short that it is a waste of time however we spend it. So short is life that it . 在大学校园中，浪费这个问题是如此的严

26、重以至于不得不引起（arose）我们的注意了。 So serious is waste that it has to arouse our attention. only 引出的状语位于句首时 只有以这种方式，我们才能解决这个问题。 Only in this way can we settle the issue/relieve the phenomenon. 6. 句子的改写和扩写 比如 我绝不嫁给你。 I will never marry you (初二水平） You are the last man I want to marry.（定语从句） Never will I marry yo

27、u（倒装） By no means will I marry you. I will not marry you unless the sun rises in the west.(状语从句) If you were the last man in the world, I would go to temple (虚拟语气) If you married me, I would jump into the well 自行车很重要 Bicycles are important. Humans cannot live without bicycles.be+ adj = be of +n bicy

28、cles are of great importance to us. Bicycles play an important part/role in our daily life. (写作尽量使用词组) It is the bicycle that plays an important part/role in our daily life Bicycles are as vital as air and water, which is essential to daily life. Bicycles to humans what the foundation is to a skyscr

29、aper/water is to fish/perfume to flowers. 句子扩写： I love liuxiaoyan. I, a university student from beijing, love liu who is the most graceful and elegant English teacher I have ever seen. Smile makes people love you. Smile, the best means for communicating, makes people who may look serious and distant

30、 love you at the first sight. Pollution keeps exceedingly serous . Pollution, a global issue which threatens almost every one, keeps exceedingly serous with the rapid urbanization. 四级 2019 12 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese.

31、Please recommend a city to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Dear friend, I am delighted to know that you have a strong desire to learn Chinese in recent days. therefore，the letter, to be honest, is to recommend a city to you. When the idea occurs to me, the first

32、city flashing in my mind is Beijing, the capital of China. Firstly, there exists language environment which plays a key role in the process of language learning. As a result, as a modern city, it provides an excellent language environment for language learners. Besides, in one of the biggest cities, people are open-minded, hospitable, and inclusive. You will soon find that you can make friends with them quickly. Finally, I hope that you could take my suggestions into serious consideration, and I am looking forward to your reply at your earlies