Senior three unit 1unit 16.docx

1、Senior three unit 1unit 16Unit 1 That must be a record!难点突破1. In 1951, the then director of the Guinness Brewery, Sir Hugh Beaver, wanted to settle an argument about the fastest bird in the world. 在1951年， Guinness Brewery（吉尼斯啤酒公司）当时的厂长Hugh Beaver（休比费）先生想要结束一场关于欧洲飞行速度最快的飞禽的争辩。1）the then director，当时的厂

2、长。课文第四段还有the then No1 cyclist，当时的第一号自行车选手。2）director，指导员，指挥者；长官；理事，董事；校长；社长；(工厂的)厂长；(车间)主任；（戏剧）导演；（音乐）指挥等。3）Sir Hugh Beaver，同位语，对前面的the then director的有关信息做进一步的补充。4）settle an argument，解决争论。settle定居；安置；落下；使安静；澄清；解决。My son has settled happily in America. 我儿子已在美国愉快地定居了。We are settled in our new home. 我们

3、住入新居。The insect settled on a leaf. 一只昆虫落在一片树叶上。Wait until the excitement has settled down. 等到兴奋的情绪镇静下来再说。We have settled who will pay for the meal. 我们已经定了由谁来付饭钱。They settled the dispute among themselves. 他们自己把这个争论解决了。The weather has settled at last. 天气终于稳定下来了； 短语联想：settle down to dinner 坐定下来用餐；settl

4、e down 1. 平静下来；恢复镇静。 2. 沉淀；沉。 3. 定居；成家；移居。 4. 定下心来；定心去做。 2. Instead, the editors of the book set down to the records and keep track of them in other ways. 于是，编辑们就把这些记录记下来，通过其它一些办法进行跟踪调查。1）set down 记下，写下。例如：I have set down the key points of the meeting. 我已经记录下了会议的要点。set down还有 “放下，(驾驶员 )停车 (让乘客)下车” 的

5、意思。Set down your heavy bag and have a rest. 放下你沉重的袋子，休息一下。The bus set down the children down outside the school gate. 汽车就在学校的大门前停下，让孩子们下车。短语联想： set about开始做 (某事)，着手 set aside拨出; 把置于一旁 set off出发，启程，引爆，燃放 set out出发; 着手开始，栽 (幼苗) set up建立; 树立，开办 2）keep back of与保持联系，看清，听清；反意词组：lose track of失去联系，看不清，听不清。例

6、如：He couldnt escape because the police keep track of him. 他逃不了的，警察在注意着他的行动。To a scientist, the most important thing is knowing he does not lose track of what hes doing.对于一个科学家来说，最重要的是他清楚自己在做什么。3. There are also strange records, like the Englishman who balanced a small car weighing 159.6 kilograms on

7、 his head for thirty-three seconds! 还有一些奇怪的纪录，例如一位英国人用头顶起一辆重达159.6公斤的小汽车，持续时间达33秒!1）balance原是名词，在这里作动词是 “使保持平衡”的意思。英语中有很多词可以作这样的转化，现将类似的可以转化的词举例如下： 名词 动词 名词 动词charge 费用，价钱 收费，索价chat 聊天，闲谈 聊天，闲谈copy 抄本，复印件 抄写，复印delay 推迟，耽搁 推迟，耽搁design 设计, 图案 设计doubt 怀疑，疑惑 怀疑，疑惑dream 梦，梦想 做梦，梦想escape 逃跑 逃跑blood 洪水 淹没h

8、eat 热，热量 加热，加温march 游行，行进 前进，行进order 订单，订货 订货paint 油漆 刷漆phone 电话 打电话pin 别针 装订praise 赞扬，表扬 赞扬，表扬sort 种类，分类 整理，分类taste 味道 品尝waste 浪费，废物 浪费2）weighing在这里是现在分词用作定语。类似的结构还有： a car running on the road在路上奔驰的车 a teacher giving a class正在上课的老师a coat hanging behind the door挂在门后的衣服3. Among the brilliant athletic

9、 achievements, a few records stand out because of the moving life stories behind them. 在卓越的体育成就中，有几项记录最为突出，因为在这些成就背后有着感人的生活故事。stand out“杰出，突出”的意思。它还可以解释为 “显眼，醒目”，“坚持; 不屈服”。例如：The road sign is easy to read because the words stand out.路标容易辨认，因为上面的字很醒目。The students agreed that they must stand out again

10、st the decision to cut down the trees. 学生们一致同意坚决反对砍伐树木的决定。短语联想： stand by在场；支持 stand for代表，表示，主张stand up站起，经久，耐用4. Impressive as the record is, it fades next to the story of Armstrongs struggle against disease. 尽管这项记录给人的印象很深刻，但不如阿姆斯特朗同疾病作斗争的故事那么令人瞩目。 As“尽管，虽然”，引导让步状语从句，这时候应采用倒装语序，通常是把从句中的状语和表语提到as之前，

11、没有的话就把动词提前。相当于though或although引导的让步状语从句。例如： Young as he is, he has already known a lot. 尽管他很年轻，他己经知道了很多东西。（Although he is young, he has already known a lot.） Try as he would, he might fail again. 尽管他还想试一试，他很有可能会再次失败。(Though he would try, he might fail again.) 值得注意的是如果从句的表语是名词，则在名词前不加任何冠词。例如：Child as

12、he is，he has to make a living by himself.(Although he is a child, he has to make a living by himself.)5. He went on to set the speed record and achieve his goal of winning the Tour de France six years in a row from 1999 to 2004. 他继续创建新的速度记录，完成了他从1999年到2004年连续六年赢得环法自行车赛的既定目标。six years in a row“连续六年”，

13、in a row-one after another“连续地”。6. We want to know what is possible and find just how far we can push ourselves. 我们想知道哪些事情是我们可能办到的，并且想弄明白我们到底有多大的能耐。push驱使，逼迫，催促(某事达到程度，某人做某事)后接介词 to, 或 into doing, to do，例如：My friends are all pushing me to enter politics. 我的朋友们都力劝我从政。If you push him too hard, he may

14、lose the confidence in his work and feel frustrated. 你如果催他太紧,他可能对工作失去信心而感到沮丧的。Id like to stop for a longer talk, but Im rather pushed today. 我很想停下来多谈一会儿,不过我今天很忙。7. Whether we are out to set a new record or simply enjoy reading about champions, the Guinness Book of World Records makes for interesting

15、 reading. 无论我们是亲自破记录，还是欣赏阅读有关别人的夺冠壮举，吉尼斯世界记录都算得上一本有趣的读物。be out for / to (do)俚语努力想得到；力图要；总想(做)。例如：The company is out to capture the European market.该公司有意获得欧洲市场。Hes out for your blood. 他要打你。 8. July 13, 2001 saw a very bright night that will never fade from memory. 2001年7月13日的夜晚见证了一个灿烂的时刻，它将永远不会从我们的记忆

16、中消失。see际遇；目睹；见证。例如：The 19th century saw many changes. 许多变革发生于19世纪9. It is Sunday afternoon and a group of teenagers are trying new tricks on the parks skating ramp.星期六下午，一群青少年在公园的溜冰场上玩新的花样溜冰。trick “戏法；快手把戏，幻术；特技；常贬秘诀，诀窍，手法，手腕；手艺”。None of your tricks with me! 不上你的鬼当! He is at his tricks again. 他又在玩鬼把

17、戏了。 短语联想：(the) tricks of fortune 意外的侥幸，命运的恶作剧。 a dirty dogs trick 卑鄙手段。 the night trick 夜班。 know a trick or two 相当精明，相当有办法。 play a trick onplay serve sb. a trick 跟(某人)开玩笑；欺骗。 the whole bag of tricks 全部，统统。trick sb. out of his money 诈骗某人的钱财。 trick or treat! 不请客就捣乱万圣节前夕孩子们挨户要礼物时用语。 trick sb. into 骗人去骗

18、取10. Skateboards have been around since the 1970s, but they have recently become popular again.二十世纪七十年代以来各地就有滑板运动了，但到最近滑板才又再次流行起来。around-here and there (美口)各处，四处；活跃着。He came around to see me. 他到这里来看我。Will you please wait around for me 请在附近等我好吗？ She hasnt been around lately. 她最近不活跃了。短语联想：look around

19、环视，四顾。 a car circling around 一辆在兜着圈子的车。 bring sb. around 使某人恢复知觉。 all around 四处，到处；全面地 all the year around 整年 fool around 口语吊儿郎当。 hang around 在附近徘徊。the other way around 美国从相反方向；用相反方leave the books around the house 在房子里到处乱丢书。 get around 绕过(障碍)，解决(困难)，回避(事实)。11. A new generation of sports is capturing

20、 the hearts and minds of people who are willing to try something new. 新一代的运动项目抓住了那些愿意尝试新事物的人们的心理。1）generation代约30年，世代，时代；同时代的人。短语联想：a generation ago 约三十年前。 the present generation现代；现代人。 the last/past generation上一代。 the first generation第一代 (the first generation university students 第一代大学生). future gen

21、erations 后代。 the beat generation“垮掉的一代”（美国青年中的颓废派）。 the rising/coming generation下一代。 the younger/older generation年轻/年老的一代。 for generations 一连好几代，祖祖辈辈。 generation after generation from generation to generation 世世代代。2）capture俘获，捕获；记录，以影片、文字等保存原状The criminal was captured when trying to escape from the

22、city.罪犯在企图逃离这座城市时被捕获。The state visit by the premier captured the headlines of all newspapers. 总理的国事访问各报都用大标题登出。In his traveling report, he tried to capture the beauty of the Great Waterfalls. 他努力在他的这篇游记中记录下大瀑布的美。12. These new sports are called “extreme sports” and all center on the “X-factor”-the pu

23、re joy of doing something that you did not think you could do and overcoming your fears. 这类新型运动被称为“极限运动”，一切都围绕“极限要素”-即做一些你原以为不可能、需要克服你内心恐惧的活动，从中获得乐趣。center on/upon把集中，使聚集于一点 (in, at, on, round, about)。例如：Our thoughts are centred on one idea. 我们的想法集中在一点上。Their talks always center on politics. 他们的谈话总是

24、围绕着政治。center sth. on /upon 将某物集中在上/集中于. 比较：concentrate vt. 集中；集中(思想/注意力) 于 concentrate (thought/attention) on/upon We must our attention on efficiency/studies. 我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。 concentrate on/upon全神贯注;专心致志于；全力以赴；专心 She couldnt concentrate on a book very long. 她不能长时间专心读一本书。13. Instead of simply trying

25、 to defeat the other team or set a new record, many extreme sports are about beauty, harmony and thrills. 极限运动不是需要击败对方，或创造新的记录的运动，它们是具有美感、和谐和刺激性的运动。1）harmony-agreement“和谐”； be in harmony with 与协调一致； be out of harmony with 与不协调一致；live in harmony 和睦相处。2）thrill一阵毛骨悚然的感觉，一阵激动的感觉；(由于恐怖或快感的)紧张感。We got/fel

26、t/experienced a thrill of surprised pleasure out of the mountain-climbing. 在那次爬山中我们感觉到一种意想不到的快乐。 The news sent a thrill of joy to my heart. 这消息使我心中感到一阵激动的欢乐。14. Watching Lin Yong and his friends fly through the air makes you wonder whether the sport is too dangerous. 看着林勇和他的朋友们在空中穿梭运动会使你感到奇怪，怀疑这项运动是

27、不是太危险。 Watching Lin Yong and his friends fly through the air, 动名词短语做主语。watch sb do sth，看着某人做某事（过程）；watch sb doing sth, 看着某人做某事（正在做）补充：哪些成分可以充当主语主语是句子的主体，是一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。主语一般是由名词、代词、数词充当。例如：The plane has just taken off at the airport. 飞机刚从机场起飞。They are students from Europe. 他们是来自欧洲的学生。Fifteen divi

28、ded by three is five. 十五除以三等于五。1） 但在多数情况下，做主语的名词带有各种修饰语使句子的主语不易被识别。因此，必须确定被修饰的中心词是句子的主语。例如：The girl in a red sweater is our monitor. 穿红色毛衣的女孩是我们的班长。The photo of Mr Smith and his Chinese students greatly interested us. 史密斯先生和他的中国学生的合影引起我们极大的兴趣。2）动词非谓语形式（动词不定式、-ing形式、过去分词）和名词性从句都可以充当句子主语。 To have the

29、English news recorded takes up much of my spare time. 将英语新闻录音下来占了我很多业余时间。（动词不定式） Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。（-ing形式） The wounded must be taken good care of. 一定要照顾好伤员。（过去分词） What they said seems reasonable. 他们说的似乎有道理。（名词性从句） It is difficult for Jim to work out this problem. (it形式主语代替后面的动词不定式)15. Once

30、you are X-experienced, your life will truly change. 一旦你有了极限运动的经历，你的生活确实会有所改变。X-experienced，极限运动的经历。语法点拨主语主语是句子的主体，是一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象。1主语一般是由名词、代词、数词充当。例如：The plane has just taken off at the airport. 飞机刚从机场起飞。They are students from Europe. 他们是来自欧洲的学生。Fifteen divided by three is five. 十五除以三等于五。2动词非谓语形

31、式（动词不定式、-ing形式、过去分词）和名词性从句都可以充当句子主语。 To have the English news recorded takes up much of my spare time. 将英语新闻录音下来占了我很多业余时间。（动词不定式） Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。（-ing形式） The wounded must be taken good care of. 一定要照顾好伤员。（过去分词） What they said seems reasonable. 他们说的似乎有道理。（名词性从句） It is difficult for Jim to work out this problem. (it形式主语代替后面的动词不定式)3 但在多数情况下，作主语的名词带有各种修饰语使句子的主语不易被识别。因此，必须确定被修饰的中心词是句子的主语。例如：The girl in a red sweater is our monitor. 穿红色毛衣的女孩是我们的班长。The photo of Mr Smith and his Chinese students g