最新人教新课标高中英语必修四单元知识重点辅导.docx

1、最新人教新课标高中英语必修四单元知识重点辅导 最新人教新课标高中英语必修四单元知识重点辅导必修4 Unit 1重点汇集重点词汇1. achieve 【课文原句】She has achieved everything she wanted to do (P3)【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：He had finally achieved success.Even a small success gives you

2、a sense of achievement.2. condition【课文原句】She helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (P1)【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如： We should pay more attention to the poor li

3、ving under the bad conditions. The astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness. My car is old but in good condition. He is overweight and out of condition.【知识拓展】condition意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如：I will come on condition that Pete

4、r is invited.They agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.3. devote【课文原句】She devoted all her life to medical work for Chinese women and children. (P1)【名师点拨】devote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote to 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：He has devoted his whole

5、life to benefiting mankind.The girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. After he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.4. behave【课文原句】Jane has studied these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (P2)【名师点拨】behave vi

6、 & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。如：The parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.My camera has been behaving well since it was repaired.Everyone praises the childrens good behaviour.5. worthwhile【课文原句】But the evening makes it all wor

7、thwhile. (P2)【名师点拨】worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如：I think teaching school is always a worthwhile job.The book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.6. observe【课文原句】Jane spent

8、 many years observing and recording their daily activities. (P2)【名师点拨】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。如：I observed the man who murdered the boy enter the shop.He observed that we should probably have rain.Most information was collected by direct observ

9、ation of the animals behaviour.7. argue【课文原句】She has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (P2)【名师点拨】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for意为“为辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩”。如：It is no use arguing for the plan becau

10、se it has been rejected.We are always arguing with each other about money. Father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the childrens annual party.【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为argument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。9. care for【课文原句】It was a small book explaining how to cut the de

11、ath rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (P6)【名师点拨】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。如：His son cared for him when he was ill.In fact, I dont really care for basketball.另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to d

12、o作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：Will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?【知识拓展】care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。 I dont care about your opinion. I dont care whether it rains Im happy.10. intend【课文原句】I lo

13、oked carefully at the text and realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (P6)【名师点拨】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让干”。如：I intended to come to your house last night but it rained. I intend coming / to come b

14、ack soon. He hadnt really intended that they should be there. This gift is intended for you.热点语法主谓一致用法难点小结：一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。1. 集合名词有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew, crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示

15、复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形式。即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。如：My class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.My class are working hard for the coming exam.2. 有些集合名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：people, the police, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：The police are searching for the lost child. 二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。不定代词anyone, an

16、ybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： Everything goes well with me. Each of the students in our class has an English-Chinese dictionary.三、“名词名词”作主语时的主谓一致。 当表示同一人物或观点时，谓语动词用单数。如：A novelist and playwright is coming

17、 to our school. 这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”，是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。 如果是A novelist and a playwright作主语，这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”，是两个人，所以谓语动词用复数，该句应改为：A novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.四、The adj.作主语时的主谓一致。 当The adj.表示抽象的含义时，谓语动词用单数。如：The beautiful is the true.当The adj.表示该类全体的含义时，谓语动词用复数。如：The rich should help

18、 the poor. Unit 2重难点解析1. Although he is one of Chinas most famous scientists, Yuan Longping works the land to do his research. (Reading)此句中work为及物动词，意为“耕种（土地）”。如：They are working the land together.他们一起在田间耕作。work作及物动词，还有“使工作；开动；创造（奇迹）；经营（工厂、农场等）”等意；作不及物动词，意为“工作；（机器等）开动；（办法、计划等）行得通”等。如：He works his em

19、ployees long hours.他使他的员工长时间地工作。Do you know how to work this machine?你知道怎样开动这台机器吗？This shows that man can work wonders.这说明人类可以创造奇迹。I dont think that your suggestion will work.我认为你的建议行不通。2. So he gives millions of yuan to equip others for their research in agriculture. (Reading)equip为及物动词，在此作“使有能力；使有

20、资格；赋予”解。该词本意为“装备；配备”，后接宾语+介词for或with短语。如：We must equip the army for the modern war. 我们必须装备军队打现代化战争。Our library is well equipped with modern facilities.我们的图书馆装备着现代化的设施。A college degree made him well equipped for teaching. 大学文凭使他完全有资格任教。Your training will equip you for your future job. 你受过的训练将能够使你胜任将来

21、的工作。3. Now Dr Yuan has another dream: to export his rice so that it can be grown all over the world. (Reading)此句中another作形容词，指不定范围的“另一个的，又一”，后加单数可数名词；但若another后跟few或数词时，则与复数名词连用。another也可作代词，表示“另一个”。如：Theres another thing I want to tell you. 我还有一件事想告诉你。Theres room for another few people in the back

22、of the bus.公共汽车后面还能坐下几个人。I dont like this one; please show me another.我不喜欢这个，请另拿一个给我看看。4. When farmers use this kind of natural fertilizer they keep the air, soil and water as well as the food supply free from chemicals. (Using Language)free from意为“没有；不受损害的”。如：a city free from thieves无贼的城市 a day fre

23、e from wind 无风的一天You are free from blame. 你没有过错。I am free from care. 我没有烦恼。This house is free from flies. 这个房子没有苍蝇。点击-ing形式作宾语1. Its hard to imagine _ anywhere else but here.A. live B. to liveC. living D. to living此题选C。英语中，有些动词（短语）一般跟-ing形式作宾语，而不用不定式作宾语。这类动词（短语）包括：advise, allow, avoid, consider(考虑),

24、 enjoy, escape, finish, imagine, mind, miss, practise, risk, suggest , feel like, insist on 等。2. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time _ the exam. A. pass B. to pass C. passed D. passing此题选D。have a hard time (in) doing意为“费了很大劲做”，-ing形式作介词的宾语。此句中省略了介词in，增加了试题的难度。类似的结构还有：spend

25、. (in) doing花费做have difficulty / trouble (in) doing 做有困难stop / prevent . (from) doing阻止做waste time (in) doing浪费时间做excuse . (for) doing原谅做be busy (in) doing 忙于做3. She looks forward every spring to _ the flower-lined garden. A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in此题选D。许多含有to 的短语动词中的to为介词，其

26、后若跟动词，应用其-ing形式作宾语。这类短语有：look forward to, be (get) used to（习惯于）, devote . to ., lead to, pay attention to, prefer . to . , stick to 等。4. The light in the office is still on.Oh, I forgot _. A. turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it off此题选C。有些动词既可跟-ing形式也可跟不定式作宾语，但含义不同。如：（1

27、）forget , remember 后跟-ing形式表示已发生的动作，跟不定式表示未发生的动作。（2）try to do 尽力做； try doing 试着做（3）go on to do 接着做（另一件事）； go on doing 继续做（原来在做的事）（4）mean to do 打算做； mean doing 意味着（5）cant help to do 不能帮助做； cant help doing 禁不住做（6）stop to do 停下来去做；stop doing停止做5. What do you think of the book?Oh, excellent. It s worth

28、_ a second time. A. to read B. to be readC. reading D. being read此题选C。be worth后常跟-ing形式的主动式作宾语，表示被动意义。6. This sentence needs _.A. a improvement B. improve C. improving D. improved此题选C。need后常跟-ing形式的主动式或不定式的被动式，表示被动意义。该句相当于This sentence needs to be improved. Unit 3 A taste of English humor一、日常口语突破 情感

29、(1) What do you think of the lecture? 你认为那讲座如何呀？ How wonderful. 好极了。(2) The party is so fun. 晚会是那么有趣。 Im pleased you are amused at it. 很高兴你被它逗乐了。二、核心单词例析1. astonish vt 使惊讶(= surprise sb. greatly)The earthquake astonished the whole country. 这次地震震惊了全国。辨析：astonishing adj.令人震惊的；astonished adj.感到惊呀的2. pa

30、rticular 非一般的，特别的，特殊的He left for no particular reason. 他无缘无故就走了。To Jane, her diary is a particular friend. 对简来说，日记是她的特殊朋友。搭配：in particular =especially特别是3. entertain vt. & vi. 使欢乐, 招待, 款待We were all entertained by his humorous stories. 他的幽默故事使我们大家都很开心。They often entertained their friends at weekends

31、. 他们常在周末招待朋友。I dont entertain very often. 我不常在家请客. 派生：entertaining adj. 使人愉快的，有趣：his entertaining silent movies他那逗乐的无声电影，an entertaining story/guess一个有趣的故事/客人。4. throughout prep. 遍及, 贯穿adv. 到处, 始终, 全部It rained throughout the night. 雨下了一整夜。I watched the film and cried throughout. 我看那个电影时从头哭到尾。5. failure n.失败(不可数)；失