仁爱版英语七年级上学期知识点汇总.docx

1、仁爱版英语七年级上学期知识点汇总仁爱版英语上学期知识点汇总(七年级上册)（包括重点句型、短语、知识点详解和重点语法）Unit 1 Making New Friends【重点短语】1.good morning/ afternoon / evening早上/下午/晚上好2.glad / nice to meet / see you见到你很高兴3.welcome to + 地点欢迎来到4.lets + v让我们做5.stand up起立6.sit down 坐下7.this is. 这是8.thanks = thank you 谢谢9.see you = see you later = goodby

2、e再见10.ID number身份证号码11.be from=come from来自12.in English 用英语【重要句型】1. -Whats your name? -My name is Sally.2. -Whereareyoufrom? -Im from China.-Wheredo you comefrom? -I come from China.3. -Where is he/ she from? -He/She is from Japan.4. -Whatsthis/ that in English? - Its a/ an5. -Whatre these/ those in

3、 English? -Theyre6. -How do you spell it? -E-R-A-S-E-R, eraser.7. -Can you spell it? -Yes, M-A-P, map.8. How old are you/ is he/ are they?Im/ He is/ They are eleven.9. Whatsyourtelephone number?Its 4567967.10. What class/ grade are you in? Imin Class Ten, Grade Seven.（注意大小写）11. Good morning/ afterno

4、on/ evening. 12. Hello!/Hi! Hello!/Hi!13. Nice/Glad to see/meet you. Nice/Glad to see/meet you, too.14. Welcome to China/my home. Thanks.15. How do you do? How do you do?16. How are you? Fine, thank you. And you? Im OK.17. See you then/ later. See you. 18. Goodbye. Bye.19. Thank you. Yourewelcome./T

5、hats OK./Not at all.【重点语法】1. 元音字母： AaEeIiOoUu包含有以下元音的字母：e AaHhJjKk i: EeBbCcDdGgPpTtVva IiYyju: UuQq WweFfLlMmNnSsXxZz2. 大小写句首字母，人名，地名，称呼语，专有名词，星期的首字母要大写，引人注意。Look！Is that Jane?He comes from Hubei, China.Mr. Wang, this is my mom.What class are you in?Im in Class Ten, Grade Seven.On Sunday, we go to

6、the West Hill for a picnic.3. Be动词的用法我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，单数用is，复数就用are。含be动词的陈述句变否定句在be后加not，变一般疑问句将be提前。一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+ be；否定回答：No, 人称代词+be + not。如：-They are teachers. -They are not teachers.-Are they teachers? -Yes, they are./No, they arent.4. 不定冠词、定冠词和and的用法(1)不定冠词a, an的用法a /an 都表示“一，一个”，a

7、 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前,如：a book; a desk; an 用在以元音音素开头的单词前，如：an apple / an orange/ an English book;/ an English boy/ an old man;/an actor/ an English teacher/ an office worker.(2)the是定冠词，表特指，单复数前面都可用We are inthesame class.Thegirl in a pink skirt is Jane.Where isthebook?This isnt my bike.Theblue one is mine.(

8、3) and的用法数字相加看做单数： Two and threeisfive.颜色相加也是单数: Black and whiteisgray.人和事物相加是复数：Lucy and Lilyaresisters.The pen and the eraserareJanes.5. 可数名词单数变复数（1）规则变化 一般在名词词尾加-s，如：car-cars; photo-photos; toy-toys; boy-boys 以s, x, ch, sh结尾的词，在词尾加-es，如：box-boxes; bus-buses 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i再加es，如：baby-babies; famil

9、y-families4）以fe结尾，变fe为v再加es，如：knife- knives（2）不规则变化如：foot-feet; man-men; woman-women; snowman-snowmen;（3）集体名词：people, clothes, police, family（4）成双出现的名词：shoes, pants(trousers), gloves, eyes, ears九. 一词多义：An orange（桔子）is orange（橙色的）.Unit 2 Looking Different【重点短语】1.give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb.把某物给某人

10、Pleasegive it to her.2.lookthe same 长相相同 look different 长相不同，看起来不一样3.look like 看起来像Helooks likehis father. = He and his fatherlook the same.4.next to 在旁边The boynext tome is my good friend.5.in +颜色 穿着颜色的衣服in +a/an +颜色+衣服 穿着颜色的The boyin a yellow T-shirt and gray pantsis my good friend.6.(1) both两者都（be

11、动词之后，实义动词之前） They both have brown hair and black eyes.They are both office workers.(2)all 三者或三者以上都They are all kind to me.7.数字+(形状、大小)+颜色+n. twobig red applesShe has short blond hair.【重点句型】1.Whoisyour favorite actor?2.We arein the same school,but we arein different grades.3.What do/does +主语+look lik

12、e? 长得怎么样？-What does he look like?- He is not very tall but very strong.4.We dont look the same, but we are goodfriends.Welook the same, but we arein different clothes.5.-What color is/are +主语？-Its/ Theyre +颜色.-What color is her hair? -Its blond.6.This ismy cap. = This cap ismine.Is this your cap? =

13、Is this cap yours?-Whose capis this? =Whose is thiscap? - Its Sallys.-Whose are these bananas? - Theyretheir bananas/theirs.7.His pants are blue and mine arewhite.(mine=my pants)My T-shirt is green and hisisbrown.(his=his T-shirt)8.I have small eyes, but he has big ones.（ones指代eyes）My jacket is blue

14、 and white. That one is blue. （one指代jacket）【重点语法】1.动词原形和动词第三人称单数形式（1）主语是第三人称单数形式（he、she、it；单一的人；单一的名字；单一的事物），动词要用单三形式。实义动词变第三人称单数的规则： 一般情况直接加“s”，如：come-comes，meet-meets 动词以o，s，sh，ch, x结尾，加“es”，如：do-does; go-goes; teach-teaches 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i，再加es, 如：study-studies, fly-flies, try-tries 特殊情况：have-has（

15、2）句型转换 当主语为第三人称单数：变否定句时，在动词前加doesnt, 动词现原形；变一般疑问句时，在句首加does，动词现原形。一般疑问句的肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+does；否定回答：No, 人称代词+doesnt.如：She has small eyes.-She doesnt have small eyes.-Does she have small eyes?-Yes, she does. /No, she doesnt. 当主语为第一、第二人称变否定句，在动词前加dont，变一般疑问句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes, 人称代词+do；否定回答：No，人称代词+dont.The

16、y have small eyes.-They dont have small eyes.- Do they have small eyes? -Yes, they do./No, they dont.2. 表示所属关系（1）名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词形容词性物主代词my your his her our their its名词性物主代词mine yours his hers ours theirs its-Whose is this pen? Is it yours?-No, its not mine. My pen is blue.（2）名词所有格 用于人或其他表示有生命的名词

17、后：单数或不以s结尾的复数+s，如：Janes book；Womens Day以s结尾的复数+如： TeachersDayLucys and Lilys bags 分有 Lucy and Lilys room 共有Those are Janes shoes.= Those shoes are Janes. of 表示所属关系，用于没有生命的物体，如：a map of China；aphoto of my familyUnit3 Getting Together【重点短语和句型】1.Could you please + 动词原形？用来表示委婉的请求-Could you please tell m

18、e your name?- Sure/ No problem. Myname is Sally.- Sorry.2.tellsb. sth. = tell sth. tosb. 告诉某人某事 tell sb. aboutsth. 告诉某人关于某事Please tell me your name. = Please tell your name to me.Please tell Maria about it. 请把这件事告诉玛丽亚吧。3.helpsb. dosth.= help sb. withsth. 在某方面帮助某人，帮助某人做某事Please help us find him.Could

19、 you please help mewithEnglish?= Could you please help me studyEnglish?4.wantto do sth.= would like to do sth. 想要做某事want sth. = would like sth. 想要某物want sb. to do sth.想要某人做He wantsto visitBeijing. = He would like to visitBeijing.I want/would like an orange.Jane wants Kangkang to singsome songs withh

20、er.5.showsth. to sb.= show sb. sth. 把某物展示给某人看Maria shows a photo of her familytoKangkang.6.My English is very good. =I can speakEnglish very well.7.livein+ 地点 居住在某地live with + sb. 和某人住He live in China with his parents.8.knowa lot about 知道许多关于的事He knows a lot about China.9.say表示说话的内容，speak表示说某种语言的能力W

21、hat does he sayin the letter?He can speaksome English.10.对事物的喜欢程度likevery much/a lot 非常喜欢likea little 有点喜欢dont likeat all 一点都不喜欢Many students in our class like Englisha lot, but I like it a little.He doesntlike chocolateat all.11.a lot of+可数名词复数/不可数名词I have a lot ofEnglish books.12.everyday 每天 each

22、other 相互 some of them 他们中的一些eat out 下馆子，到外面吃饭13.play withsb. 和某人一块玩耍 like to do/doingsth. 喜欢(做)某事She likes to play withKitty.14.Help yourself/yourselves to sth. 随便吃(喝)15.bekind to sb. 对某人很友好They are all kind tome. 他们对我很友好。 Its very kind of you. 你真好。16.be glad to do sth. 很高兴(乐意)做I am very glad to be

23、here. 我很乐意在这里。Glad to meet you. 很高兴见到你。17.let sb. dosth. 让某人做某事Let me see.让我想一想。Let us help you find him. 让我们帮助你找到他。18.I am home. 我到家了。Maria isnt at home/in now. 玛丽亚现在不在家。Welcome to my home. 欢迎来我家。Its time to go home. 该回家了。【单元知识点详解】1.实义动词变一般疑问句及其回答-Does he speak English?- Yes, he does./ No, he doesn

24、t.2.询问职业及工作地点-What does your mother do?(书面) /What is your mother?(口语)- She is an English teacher.-Where does she work?- She works/ teaches/studiesin a school / hospital / restaurant / on a farm / in an office. 3.介绍家人This is a photo ofmy family.The young woman in red is my mother.Is the young woman i

25、n red your mother?(变一般疑问句)Who is the young woman in red?(对划线部分提问)My grandparents, my cousin and I are on the sofa.I have a big family. 我有一个大家庭。I love my family. 我爱我的家。4.就餐表达语1)-Would you like something to drink ? 想不想喝些东西？-Yes, a glassof apple juice, please. / No, thanks.something to drink 一些喝的东西some

26、thing to eat 一些吃的东西2)-What would you like to have/ eat / drink? 你想吃（喝）些什么？-Id like some rice and chicken. / Let me see. 我想想看。3)Would you like to have dinner with me? 想和我共进晚餐吗？-Yes, Id love to. / Yes, Id like to.- Im sorry, I have to4)-What do youusually have for breakfast? 你通常早餐吃什么？-Iusually havemil

27、k and bread for breakfast.havefor breakfast/ lunch / dinner 早/午/晚餐吃.5)-May I take your order, sir? 请问，要点菜了吗？-Fish with vegetables and rice, please.6)May I help you ? = Can I help you ? =What can I do for you ?请问要吃/喝/买些什么？5.委婉地请求、提建议的五种表达Would you like sth. / to do?你愿意/想？What / How about sth. / doing

28、? 怎么样？Why not do? 为什么不？Lets do! 让我们干吧！Why dontyou do? 为什么不？肯定回答:Yes, Id like/love to. /Good idea. /OK. / All right./ Id love that.否定回答: No, thanks. / Im sorry I cant, I have to do/Id like that, but Im sorry I have no time.【重点语法】1. 人称代词的主格与宾格点拨：主格在句子中充当主语，放在动词之前；宾格放在动词之后构成动宾短语，放在介词之后构成介宾短语。主格Iweyouhesheitthey宾格meusyouhimheritthem-Do you know them?- Yes. They are my new classmates.2. 可数名词与不可数名词（1）可数名词：可以用数目来计数的名词，有单数和复数之分。如：banana, egg, apple, ora