人教版高一上学期英语期末试题解析版.docx

1、人教版高一上学期英语期末试题解析版珠海市20192020学年度第一学期期末普通高中学生学业质量监测高一英语卷面满分135分，考试时间120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡，上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再填写新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡

2、的整洁。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分 单项选择(共15小题；每题1分，满分15分)从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.You have to change your wrong attitude personal health now.A. towards B. from C. with D. in【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：你现在必须改变对个人健康的错误态度。A. towards对于，向；B. from来自；C. with和，随着；D. in在里面。此处考查短语attitude towards sb.表示“对某人的态度”。

3、故选A。2.Sir, could you please take your seat? The plane .A. takes off B. has taken off C. is taking off D. took off【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：先生，请坐好吗？飞机正在起飞。结合上文Sir, could you please take your seat?可知推知飞机“正在”起飞，应用现在进行时，主语为plane，谓语动词用is。故选C。3.Bad weather ruined our holiday, made many of us change our plans

4、A. it B. that C. this D. which【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：恶劣的天气破坏了我们的假期，这使我们许多人改变了计划。本句为非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故选D。4.It is dangerous to drive the car while on the phone.A. talk B. talking C. talked D. to talk【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：一边开车一边打电话是很危险的。主句为it做形式主语，句型it be+ adj.+(for sb.) to do s

5、th.，省略了for you；从句为while引导的省略句，省略了主语和谓语动词，完整为while (you are) talking on the phone。故选B。【点睛】状语从句中的省略(1)在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。如：When (water is) pure, water is a colorless liquid. 水纯净时，是无色液体。When (I am) in trouble I

6、 always turn to her for help. 我困难时总是找她帮助。Errors, if (there are) any, should be corrected. 如果有什么错误，就应当改正。Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning. 木头燃烧时放出大量烟雾。The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for. 这封信留在这里待领。Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something. 亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻

7、找什么。She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak. 她尽管体弱，但学习仍十分努力。(2)“when(或if, where, wherever, whenever, as soon as, as fast as, than等)+possible/necessary等”，中间省略了it is(或was)。如：Answer these questions, if (it is) possible without referring to the book. 如果有可能，请不看书回答这些问题。When (it is) necessa

8、ry you can help us to do something. 必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。5.Your uncle was very to give you so much money for buying books.A. attractive B. peaceful C. generous D. dangerous【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你叔叔很慷慨，给了你这么多钱买书。A. attractive吸引人的；B. peaceful和平的；C. generous慷慨的，大方的；D. dangerous危险的。根据后文give you so much mon

9、ey可知此处应用“generous”，表示“慷慨的，大方的”。故选C。6.He devoted all his spare time the old in his community.A. into helping B. in helping C. helped D. to helping【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他把所有的业余时间都用来帮助社区里的老人。根据短语sb devote ones time to doing sth.表示“某人把时间花在做某事上”，可知应选D。【点睛】devote的三个搭配devote主要表示“把献给(用在)”，通常只用作及物动词。表示把时间、金

10、钱、精力、劳力、生命等奉献于，或专心于或致力于。常与介词 to 连用(注意不要将此介词误认为是不定式符号)。主要用于以下结构：1. devote oneself toShe devoted herself to tennis in her teens. 她少女时代热爱网球。The man devoted himself to helping the poor. 这个人致力于帮助穷人。2. devote sth toPlease devote more time to your work. 请在工作上多花点时间。Mary devoted her life to caring for the si

11、ck. 玛丽献身于为病人服务。3. be devoted toHe is devoted to himself alone. 他只顾自己。She is devoted to her children. 她深爱她的孩子(from )。This dictionary is devoted to explaining word usage. 这本词典是解释词的用法的。7.1979 is the year Zhuhai was founded.A. what B. that C. which D. when【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：1979年是珠海成立一年。此处为定语从句修饰先行词

12、year，且先行词在从句中做时间状语，用关系副词when。故选D。8.It is the third time so far that he the Best Volunteer Award.A. wins B. has won C. will win D. has been won【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是他迄今第三次获得最佳志愿者奖。根据句式“It is the first time that 主语+现在完成时态+其他”，表示“第几次做某事”，从句中用现在完成时，且从句主语为he，助动词用has。故选B。【点睛】It is the first time that 主

13、语+现在完成时态+其他。表示“第几次做某事了”。如果把is改成was，则后面用过去完成时态。Its the third time that I have come to the Summer Palace.这是我第三次来到颐和园。Its (high) time that 主语+一般过去时态+其他。“现在是该做某事的时间了。”Its high time that we had lunch.现在是我们该吃午饭的时间了。It is/has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+其他。表示“自从有多长时间了”。在这个句型中since引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，分两种情况：（1）

14、如果从句的动词是终止性动词leave/come，则表示“从动作开始到现在多长时间了。”It is three years since he began to smoke.他已经吸烟三年了。（2）如果从句的动词是持续性动词stay/smoke/live，则表示“从动作结束到现在多长时间了”。 It is three years since he smoked.他戒烟三年了。9.She wanted to know why he coffee to tea.A. solved B. performed C. preferred D. charged【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：

15、她想知道为什么比起茶他更喜欢咖啡。A. solved解决；B. performed表演；C. preferred更喜欢；D. charged填充。结合句意此处表示“比起更喜欢”短语为prefer sth. to sth.，故选C。10.Ms. Lin suggested that he the reading competition.A. has taken part in B. take a part in C. takes part in D. take part in【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：林老师建议他参加阅读比赛。suggest表示“建议”，引导 that 从句中

16、，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故应填(should) take part in，should可以省略。故选D。【点睛】后接虚拟语气的常见词1）在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should +

17、 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.2）类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important, impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词；decision, decree, demand, instru

18、ction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decision was that the school remain closed.3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。11.My head teacher has taught me a lot, I am grat

19、eful.A. for that B. for which C. of which D. of whom【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的班主任教了我很多，为此我很感激。本句为“介词+关系代词”结构，非限定性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，且表示原因应用for which。故选B。12.He helped me when I was in trouble, but asked for nothing .A. in relief B. in return C. in addition D. in charge【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：我有困难时他帮了我，但不要求

20、任何回报。A. in relief松了口气；B. in return作为报答；C. in addition另外；D. in charge负责。结合句意表示“作为报答”应用短语in return。故选B。13.It was because it snowed heavily I stayed at home.A. why B. where C. who D. that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查强调句。句意：因为雪下得很大，我才呆在家里。分析句子结构可知本句为强调句结构“it is (was)+被强调成分+that (who)+其他”，且被强调部分为because it snowed heav

21、ily，故应用that。故选D。【点睛】强调句结构为了突出句子中的某一部分，我们通常会使用某种方法或手段使它突出，以便能引起他人的注意，这就是强调，与此相关的句子就是强调句。强调句是一种修辞，是人们为了表达自己的意愿或情感而使用的一种形式。其结构为it is/was+被强调成分+that/who+其他。1、陈述句的强调句型It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。2、一般疑问句的强调句型，把is/ was提到it前面。3、特殊疑问句的强调句型，被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it +

22、that/ who + 其他部分4、not until句型的强调句句型为：It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其他部分普通句：He didnt go to bed until/ till his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用;因为句型中It is/ was not . 已经是否定句了，that后面的从句要用肯定句，切勿再用否定句了。14.I am

23、 asking you would spend the evening with us.A. that, to sing B. whether, singing C. if, to sing D. how, singing【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连接词和非谓语动词。句意：我是问你是否愿意晚上和我们一起唱歌。第一空为宾语从句，从句中不缺少成分，且表示“是否”应用whether或if引导；第二空，根据短语spend time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，后跟动词-ing形式，应填singing。综上，故选B。【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出

24、是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句；二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）；三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。15.They cant go to school tomorrow because the school houses in a fire.A. have been damaged B. have damaged C. will be damaged D. were being damaged【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：他们明天不能上学了

25、，因为学校的房子在一场火灾中被烧毁了。根据上文They cant go to school tomorrow可知房子已经被烧了，表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响应用现在完成时，且从句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，且主语为houses，助动词应用have。故选A。第二部分 阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)阅读下列短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AA trip to the Natural History Museum is the perfect fami

26、ly day out in London. There is so much to explore!Site: Cromwell Road, London SW7 51313Opening hours: Open daily 10:00-17:50; Last entry 17:30; Closed 24-26 DecemberUpcoming eventsWildlife Photographer of the Year10 October 2019-31 January 2020Event type: ExhibitionTicket price: 8.25-13.90Explore th

27、e worlds best nature photography, with great lighting effects.Orbit: A Journey Around Earth in Real Time21 October 2019-5 January 2020Event type: FilmTicket price: Free, no ticket neededAppreciate the beauty of our home planet from space in this film by Sean Doran with music by Phaelch.Natural Histo

28、ry Museum Ice Rink(溜冰场)19 October 2019-12 January 2020Event type: VisitorTicket price: Adults from 12.65, children from 8.80, families from 39.60Get your skates on this winter in front of the Waterhouse building, with fairy lights on and frost-covered trees standing around.Museum of the Moon17 May 2

29、019-5 January 2020Event type: ExhibitionTicket price: Free, no booking neededMuseum of the Moon is a touring artwork by UK artist Luke Jerram. Since 2016, this six-meter model has been circling the globe, lighting up spaces from Bilbao to Beijing.Safety noticeBags and other personal items will be in

30、spected when you enter the Museum. Please do not bring anything sharp including knives and scissors to the Museum.Smoke freeSmoking (including the use of electronic cigarettes) is not allowed in the Museum.16. If you travel to London in late January 2020, which event can you go to?A. Museum of the M

31、oon. B. Natural History Museum Ice Rink.C. Wildlife Photographer of the Year. D. Orbit: A Journey Around Earth in Real Time.17. What can you do in the museum for free?A. Going skating in the Ice Rink. B. Circling the globe.C. Exploring the best nature photography. D. Watching a film about the earth.18. Where is this text most likely from?A. A diary. B. A novel.C. A travel guide. D. A menu.【答案】16. C 17. D 18. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。自然历史博物馆之旅是伦敦最完美的家庭出游日，文章主要就博物馆中举办的一些活动和展出进行了说明。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据Wildlife Photographer of the Year部分中10 October 2019-31 January 2020可知年度野生动物