精选届高三英语一轮复习Unit4Earthquakes教师用书新人教版必修1.docx

1、精选届高三英语一轮复习Unit4Earthquakes教师用书新人教版必修1Unit 4Earthquakes一、单词在语境中默写，在联想中积累写 得 准用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)1.burstvi.爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发2.sincerelyadv. 真诚地；真挚地3.ruinn. 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产4.destroyvt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭5.rescuen& vt. 援救；营救6.trapvt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境7.earthquaken. 地震8.sheltern. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处9.buryvt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏10.damagen&

2、vt. 损失；损害11.shock vt.& vi.(使)震惊；震动 n休克；打击；震惊shockingadj.令人震惊的shockedadj.震惊的12.express vt.表示；表达 n快车；速递expressionn表达；表情13.extreme adj.极度的extremelyadv.极度地14.judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决judgementn意见；判断力；审判15.injure vt.损害；伤害injuryn伤害；损害injuredadj.受伤的16.electricity n电；电流；电学electricadj.用电的；带电的electricaladj.与电

3、有关的；电学的17.frighten vt.使惊吓；吓唬frightenedadj.受惊的；受恐吓的frighteningadj.令人恐惧的18.congratulation n祝贺；(复数)贺词congratulatevt.祝贺1.The news that Donald Trump was elected President of the USA made the whole world extremely (extreme) shocked.2.Ive known him for years and I trust his judgement (judge)3.All my studen

4、ts were shocked (shock) at hearing the news that Bill devoted all his money to charity.4.After she heard the news, there was an excited expression (express) on her face.5.Dont forget to praise them sincerely (sincere) when someone does something good.6.The girl was almost frightened to death when sh

5、e saw the frightening scene.(frighten)7.In the terrible crash of school bus, many children were injured,_and even some suffered severe injuries to the head and arms. The injured were rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)8.The headmaster wrote a letter to congratulate her on her good performance an

6、d the exciting congratulations encouraged her greatly.(congratulate)积 得 多(平时多积累，考场出华章)1.“AAA”式不规则动词变化burstburstburst爆裂；爆发costcostcost 花费putputput 放下hurthurthurt 伤害shutshutshut 关闭hithithit 打2.合成名词(n.n.)earthquake地震bookmark 书签basketball 篮球3“自然灾害”相关单词一览disaster n 灾难；不幸earthquake n. 地震drought n. 旱灾；干旱4.

7、“ing/ed”结尾的形容词聚焦二、短语在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多写 得 准用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)1.right_away 立刻；马上2.think_little/nothing_of 以为没什么了不起3.at_an_end 结束；终结4.in_ruins 严重受损；破败不堪5.dig_out 掘出；发现6.a_(great)_number_of 许多；大量的7.be_proud_of 以而自豪8.judging_from 从判断9.be_trapped_in 陷入10.be_buried_in 埋头于11.as_if 仿佛；好像1.Judging_from what you say

8、in your letter, you dont get along well with your classmates.2.Its reported that a_great_number_of people were rescued from under the ruins.3.The earthquake happened and the whole town lay in_ruins in less than twenty minutes.4.I must warn you that my patience is almost at_an_end.5.I was_trapped_in

9、the heavy rain on the way to school yesterday.6.When I came in, he was_buried_in playing computer games in his study.7.You dont look well. Youd better go and see a doctor right away.积 得 多(平时多积累，考场出华章)1.表示“立刻；马上”的词语荟萃right awayright nowat once in no timeimmediately instantly2.“埋头于；专心于”的多种表达be lost in

10、be buried inbe occupied in be absorbed inbe devoted to apply oneself to三、句式在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通背 原 句明 句 式学 仿 写1.In the farmyards, the chickens and even the pigs were too nervousto eat.在农家大院里，鸡甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。too .to . 意为“太而不能”，表示否定意义。我们本打算旅游两天，但是太忙了，抽不出时间。We had intended to take a twoday trip, but we were_too

11、_busy_to_afford it.2.It seemed as if the world was at an end！仿佛到了世界末日！as if “好像；似乎；仿佛”。后常接表语从句或方式状语从句，若表示非真实情况常用虚拟语气。这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给我们讲故事，好像他亲身经历过的一样。The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way as_if_he_had_experienced_it_himself.3.Allhope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。本句是部分否定。All .not .Not al

12、l .“并不是所有的都”。并非所有的学生都遵守学校规章制度，因此作为一名老师，我们应严格要求他们。All_students_dont_obey/Not_all_students_obey the school rules, so as a teacher, we should be strict with them.An extremely powerful earthquake hit our hometown last night. The government took immediate measures to ensure peoples lives and safety. The

13、soldiers have been sparing no effort to rescue the people trapped under the ruins and send the injured to the hospital. As far as I can judge， not all hope is lost. People all over the country are giving a ready hand to help those in trouble in the face of disasters.1ruin nU毁灭；毁坏；常用复数废墟vt.毁灭；使破产(1)l

14、ie/be in ruins成为废墟fall into ruin 毁灭；毁坏bring .to ruin 使毁灭；使没落；使破产(2)ruin sth./sb. 毁坏某物/某人ruin ones health/fame/future 毁掉某人的健康/名誉/前途The whole city lay in ruins (ruin) after the earthquake, which made us awake all night.地震之后整个城市成了一片废墟，这让我们彻夜未眠。Drunk driving not only ruined himself (he) but also killed

15、several passersby.醉驾不仅毁掉了他自己还导致几名过路人死亡。2injure vt.损害；伤害(1)injured adj.受伤的the injured 伤员(2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadnt been wearing one, I would_have_been_injured (injure)(2016天津高考单选)我当时系着安全带。如果没系的话，我会受伤的。But now, because my left foot w

16、as_injured (injure) in the football game, I cannot go with you as planned.(2014北京高考书面表达)但现在，由于我的左脚在足球比赛中受伤了，我不能像计划的那样和你一起去。A terrible accident happened at the crossing and an ambulance rushed the injured (injure) to the hospital.在十字路口发生了可怕的交通事故，救护车把伤者火速送到医院。3judge n裁判员；法官 vt.断定；判断；判决(1)judge .from/b

17、y .从来判断judge between right and wrong判断是非as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from 从上看；根据判断If he had played a part in the film, he would have_been_judged (judge) to be the best actor this year.如果他当时出演了那部电影的话，他就会被评定为今年的最佳男演员了。Judging (judge) from the above story, we can draw the conclusion that

18、 we dont judge a book by/from its cover.从上面的故事判断，我们可以得出这样的结论：我们不要以貌取人。名师指津judging from/by表示“从来看；根据来判断”，用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。4部分否定All . not .Not .all .All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。(1)部分否定用法含“全部/所有/任何”等意义的词与not连用，如：all, both, everything, always, everyone等。(2)全部否定用法英语中的no, none, never, nobody

19、, nothing, neither, no one, nowhere, no more, no longer, no way 等表示否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because not all of them are fit for them.Its impossible for all the applicants to get the jobs, because all_of_them_arent_fit_for_them.并非所有的求职者都能找到工作，

20、因为并非所有人都胜任这些工作。The truth is that not_everyone is attaching great importance to time management.事实是并不是每个人都把合理安排时间看得重要。I knew that nothing would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.我知道没有什么能够使他泄气，他将永远不会放弃成为一名导演的想法。One night, everything began to shake, with the pipes bur

21、sting and the electricity cut off. Everywhere I looked, nearly everything was destroyed. Some people were injured; some were buried in the ruins. A number of trapped people waited to be rescued. It seemed as if the whole world was at an end！5burst vi.(burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发(1)burst in/into突然闯进

22、；破门而入(2)突然哭起来/笑起来burst with anger 勃然大怒Suddenly the door opened and a group of children burst in.突然门开了，一群孩子突然闯入。He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door，which made me very angry.他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。Hearing the bad news that their only son died in the earthquake the couple burst_into_tears/bu

23、rst_out_crying.听到他们唯一的儿子在地震中死亡的坏消息，这对夫妇突然哭起来。6bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；隐藏(1)埋头于；专心于(2)bury ones face in ones hands 双手掩面Ever since he moved there, he has_buried (bury) himself in his research work.Ever since he moved there, he has_been_buried (bury) in his research work.自从搬到那里以后，他一直专注于研究工作。Buried (bury) in his

24、study, he wasnt aware that all the others had left.他专心学习，没有意识到其他人都早已离开了。She buried_her_face_in_her_hands and wept when she heard the bad news.当她听到那个坏消息时，她掩面而泣。7a (great) number of许多；大量的(1) 可数名词复数复数谓语(2)the number of可数名词复数单数谓语(3)不可数名词(4) Now a great number of college graduates are (be) seeking to get

25、 a highpaid job. But the number of posts available for them is (be) often not enough.如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。A great deal of money was_donated (donate) to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.(2014广东高考写作)一位普通的工人向一所大学捐赠了大量的金钱，这引起了公众的关注。With more and more f

26、orests cut down, large quantities of soil are_being_washed (wash) away.由于越来越多的森林被砍伐，大量的土壤正被冲走。名师指津“large quantities/amounts ofn.”作主语时谓语动词用复数，而“a large quantity/amount ofn.”作主语时谓语动词用单数。8at an end结束；终结(1)at the end of 在尽头；在末端by the end of 到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end 最后；终于(2)使结束come to an end 完成；结束(

27、3)make (both) ends meet 使收支相抵；量入为出(4)end up with 以结束end up doing 最终在做某事The meeting was nearly at_an_end when I got to the meeting room.当我到达会议室时，会议快要结束了。Go straight and youll find the hospital at_the_end_of_the_road.一直往前走，你会在这条路的尽头找到那家医院。The meeting came_to_an_end and he set down many key points.会议结束

28、了，他记录了很多要点。At first he refused to accept any responsibility but he ended up apologizing (apologize)最初他拒不承认有任何责任，到头来还是道了歉。9as if引导状语从句、表语从句It seemed as_if the world was at an end!仿佛到了世界末日！(1)本句中as ifas though意为“仿佛；好像”，引导表语从句。常放在be, look, seem, sound, smell, feel等系动词之后。Hurry up! It looks as if the tra

29、in is_going_to_move.快点！看起来火车要开了。(2)as if还可引导状语从句。当说话人认为从句所陈述的是不真实的或不可能发生(存在)的情况时，从句谓语常用虚拟语气，结构如下：与现在事实相反从句谓语动词用过去时(be动词用were) 与过去事实相反 从句谓语动词用过去完成时(had done) 与将来事实相反 从句谓语动词用would/could/might doIt was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I had_done (do) it？(2014重庆高考单选)打破窗户的是约翰。为什么

30、你说得好像是我打破的似的？A young couple in a boat were eating, talking and laughing loudly as if they were (be) the only people in the world.一对年轻夫妇坐在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，好像他们是这世界上仅有的人。He opened his mouth as if (he were) to_say (say) something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。课堂练牢基础.单句语法填空1When she heard about the news that her father had died, she burst out crying (cry)2A number of high buildings have arisen where there was nothing a year ago but ruins (ruin). 3I received his mothers phone call at ten. Only then did I